• 터널과지하공간
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.91-97
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• 2008

본 고에서는 공동굴착에 따른 주변 영향영역 암반의 투수 특성 변화를 간접적 방법이 아닌 직접적으로 측정 가능한 현장수리시험장비를 소개하고 국내 지하연구시설(URL) 현장실험에 적용한 결과를 수록하였다. 굴착공동 주변 수리학적 EDZ의 투수계수 측정의 정밀도 향상을 위해서는 잘 설계된 시험장비와 함께 시험결과를 분석 평가하는 기술이 통합된 시스템 개발이 필요할 것으로 생각된다. 이를 통해 지하수면 아래 건설되는 공동의 안정성 평가, 방배수 시스템 및 그라우팅 설계의 신뢰도 향상에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2000

In this study, the movable bed model testing was carried out so as to analyze bed profile changes including predicting scouring and deposition of bed profile and to solve hydraulic problems affecting with bed and both-bank between upstream and downstream of intake weir in the Nakdong river channel. The movable bed model testing consists of fundamental test, movable model test and numerical analysis method respectively. The fundamental test was enforced to analyze relationship of discharge and sediment load in the tilting flume. When the movable model test was worked, it was shown that sediment budget between input sediment load and output sediment load was balanced exactly. As a result of movable model test, it was presented that scouring and deposition changes in quantities between the upstream and downstream of modification weir were less than those of nature and planning weir. Finally, numerical analysis method was operated by 1-dimensional bed profile changes model ; HEC-6 model so as to complement unsolving hard problems during movable model test. So, modification weir will sustained the stable bed profile changes than any other weirs in the study channel.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.99-109
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• 1999

국내 일반폐기물 매립지의 경우 함수비가 높은 쓰레기의 특성으로 인하여 매립지 내부에 누적수위가 발생하는 경우가 많고 따라서 매립된 복토재와 쓰레기의 수리특성의 파악은 매우 중요하다. 폐기물 매립지의 설계시공 과정에서 매립지 하부차수재와 주변지반의 수리특성에 대해서는 많은 지반조사와 연구가 되어있으나 매립지내부 쓰레기와 복토재의 수리적특성 및 흐름거동에 대한 조사 및 해석은 국내외적으로 되어있지 않다. 본 논문에서는 국내 대표적 폐기물 매립지에 대한 현장 지반조사로부터 쓰레기와 복토재의 지반공학적 특성을 파악하고 양수시험(pumping test)과 순간충격시험(slug test)을 이용하여 매립된 쓰레기와 복토재의 수리특성을 파악하였다. 현장지반조사 결과 매립된 쓰레기의 다짐정도는 실내시험의 최대 단위중량 값을 상회하는 것으로 나타났으며 쓰레기에 의하여 덮여진 중간 저투수성 복토재는 침출수와 가스의 수직 흐름을 방해하고 있는 것으로 보여진다. 현장 양수시험과 순간충격시험의 투수계수는 상호간에 잘 일치하고 문헌에서 나타난 잘 다져진 쓰레기의 투수계수 범위에 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 지질공학
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.589-601
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 지하공간 개발로 인해 발생하는 지하수위저하, 지반함몰 등의 문제를 해결하는 방법 중 하나인 인공함양기술에 있어 지하수 함양에 결정적인 역할을 하는 지표매질 특성인 수리전도도(hydraulic conductivity)에 관한 적용성에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 경기도 이천에 위치한 인공함양시설의 설계조건을 동일하게 하여 양수시험과 주입시험을 수행하였다. 양수시험을 통해서는 지하수위를 회복하는데 있어 결정적인 역할을 하는 대수층의 수리상수값을 도출하였으며, 현장 대수층을 단순화 시킨 모델을 구축하여 양수시험 조건과 동일하게 적용한 부정류 해석을 수행하여 실측값과 모델값의 상관성을 검토한 결과 R² = 0.78로 분석되었다. 동일한 조건으로 주입시험을 수행하였으며, 주입되는 지층은 실트질모래와 점토질모래로 구성된 퇴적층에서 시험을 진행하였다. 주입시험을 통해 측정된 결과를 통해 시간-수위 자료로부터 대수층의 매개변수를 결정하는 대표적 우물해석해인 Thiem의 공식을 활용하여 경험식을 유도하였으며, 유도된 경험식과 실측값의 상관분석을 수행한 결과 R² = 0.99의 높은 상관성을 가지는 경험식을 유도하였다. 본 연구는 주입시험이 수행되기 어려운 지역에서 양수시험을 통해 결정된 대수층의 수리전도도를 활용할 경우, 특정 조건에서 신뢰도 높은 결과를 예측하는데 적절히 활용될 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.27-41
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• 2017

This study dealt with the characteristics and the interrelations of hydrogeological parameters such as hydraulic conductivity, dispersivity and effective porosity of unconsolidated sediments for providing the basic data necessary for the planning of the management and preservation of groundwater quality in the Nakdong River Delta of Busan City, Korea. Groundwater quality in this area has been deteriorated due to seawater intrusion, agricultural fertilizer and pesticide, industrial wastewater, and contaminated river water. The physical properties (grain size distribution, sediment type, sorting) and aquifer parameters (hydraulic conductivity, effective porosity, longitudinal dispersivity) were determined from grain size analysis, laboratory permeability test and column tracer test. Among 36 samples, there were 18 Sand (S), 7 Gravelly Sand (gS), 5 Silty Sand (zS), 5 Muddy Sand (mS), and 1 Sandy Silt (sZ). Hydraulic conductivity was determined through a falling head test, and ranged from $9.2{\times}10^{-5}$ to $2.9{\times}10^{-2}cm/sec$ (0.08 to 25.6 m/day). From breakthrough curves, dispersivity was calculated to be 0.35~3.92 cm. Also, effective porosity and average linear velocity were obtained through the column tracer test, and their values were 0.04~0.46 and 1.06E-04~6.49E-02 cm/sec, respectively. Statistical methods were used to understand the interrelations among aquifer parameters of hydraulic conductivity, effective porosity and dispersivity. The relation between dispersivity and hydraulic conductivity or effective porosity considered the sample length, because dispersivity was affected by experimental scale. The relations between dispersivity and hydraulic conductivity or effective porosity were all in inverse proportion for all long and short samples. The reason was because dispersivity was in inverse proportion to the groundwater velocity in case of steady hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient, and groundwater velocity was in proportion to the hydraulic conductivity or effective porosity. This study also elucidated that longitudinal dispersivity was dependent on the scale of column tracer test, and all hydrogeological parameters were low to high values due to the sand quantity of sediments. It is expected that the hydrogeological parameter data of sediments will be very useful for the planning of groundwater management and preservation in the Nakdong River Delta of Busan City, Korea.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1124-1127
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• 2011

In this paper, kinematic performance of the tilting mechanism, hydraulic cylinder was designed for the evaluation. ESW GmbH is attached to the existing electric tilting actuator's performance based on the similar system, each operated by tilting the balance in order to effectively balance has been designed by an independent hydraulic system. In addition, the behavior of the hydraulic system for storing and analyzing information about UI (User Interface) was also included in the design.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2005년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.202-210
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• 2005

In this study, the fly ash was employed as a possible alternative to the bentonite for its high sorption capacity against cationic heavy metal. To consider the constituents of barrier possibly used, the specimens were mixed with different material contents (fly ash : weathered soil : bentonite), then sorption test was performed. Also the specimens were molded on the wet side of optimum moisture contents like mixing ratio of sorption test and their hydraulic conductivities were measured in flexible-wall permeameters. And to confirm the effect of dissolved cations, the hydraulic conductivity tests were repeated by converting the permeant liquids from water to $Cd^{2+}$ solution. Finally, the Cd-concentration at the effluent was analyzed for 500hrs to compare the effectiveness of each specimen in contaminant retardation. Test results showed that the more the ratio of fly ash increase, the more Kd value increase, and the hydraulic conductivity of weathered soil/bentonite (95:5) mixture was the lowest $(2.9*10^{-8}cm/sec)$, and specimens made of fly ash and fly ash/weathered soil mixtures showed similar hydraulic conductivity. Although the permeant liquid was changed from water to $Cd^{2+}$ solution, the hydraulic conductivity of all specimens except for weathered soil maintained similarly like before. Consequently, the initial breakthrough point of Cd in weathered soil specimen was observed at about 5hrs after the test started while that of fly ash specimens was not observed during the whole test period of 500hrs. The results implied that fly ash had a sufficient retardation capacity against contaminant transport possibly by its high sorption capacity although it showed little effect on the reduction of hydraulic conductivity. Based on the test results, it could be concluded that the fly ash can be possibly used as a suitable barrier material in containment system to attenuate the contaminant transport for its high retardation capacity and for the low cost.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2006년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.1313-1317
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• 2006

In this study, various hydraulic phenomena were analyzed from the dam model experiments and the analyzed results were compared with existing computation results. Sungduk dam model structures were constructed using Froude similarity law by 1:50 scale. From the measurements of hydraulic phenomena at spillway channel, an improvement method was trying to be suggested over shortcoming of existing design plan. The result of model experiment showed no big difference with that of each part's numerical interpretation. Sidewall overflows were observed, as water conveyance occurred due to the linear characteristics of spillways, which raised the necessity for improving the linear forms of spillways. Also, it was judged to be necessary improving load pressure and establishing protective structures at the riverbed grounds of downstream channels.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제37권E호
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• pp.55-62
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• 1995

The topographic influences for the hydraulic characteristics in the estuary were studied by the hydraulic model test. The upstream boundary is set up at the Kumkang estuary dike and the downstream boundary at the Kunsan outer port. The geometrical model scales in horizontal and vertical are 1/300 and 1/100 respectively so that the distorted ratio is 3. If there is no or little river flow through the gate, the highest water levels are varied with $\pm$ 5cm compared with those before the project. If there is a flood flow through the gate, the highest water levels in front of the estuary dike are reduced 5~2Ocm depending on the frequency of flood compared with those before the project. This means that there is no important risk of excessive water level rise after the dredging.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 유체기계공업학회 2006년 제4회 한국유체공학학술대회 논문집
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• pp.53-56
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• 2006

The hydraulic performances of a Francis turbine which had been designed and tested by IMHEF were calculated with a commercial code and compared with the IMHEF test results. The non-dimensional specific speed of the turbine is 0.5, the runner exit diameter 0.4m and maximum efficiency 93.1% respectively. To make the calculation of the turbine more exact, the stay vanes, the guide vane, the runner and the draft tube were calculated simultaneously. The calculation results gave a quite good agreement with the IMHEF test data, and therefore it is expected that the present calculation technique will be utilized for the hydraulic design of efficient Francis turbines.