• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
• /
• 제46권12호
• /
• pp.108-116
• /
• 2009

본 논문에서는 고품질 비압축 오디오 트래픽의 분배 시에 요구되는 낮은 지연 및 지터를 보장하고 이더넷 환경에서 데이터 트래픽의 효율적인 교환을 가능하게 하는 새로운 L1/L2 혼합형 중계 방식을 적용한 이더넷 기반 오디오 분배 시스템을 제안하고 성능을 분석하였다. 제안하는 방식이 적용된 오디오 분배 시스템은 마스터 노드와 다수의 중계 노드로 구성되며 이들은 상호간에 상향 하향 링크를 통하여 데이지 체인 형태로 연결된다. 마스터 노드는 스테레오 24채널에서 PCM샘플링된 16비트 오디오 채널을 수납할 수 있는 오디오 프레임을 125us의 주기마다 생성하여 하향 링크를 통해 전송한다. 하향 링크를 통하여 오디오 프레임을 수신한 중계 노드들은 생성한 오디오 트래픽을 해당 노드에게 할당된 오디오 채널에 수납하고 다음 중계노드로 물리 계층 기반(L1)의 전송을 한다. 망의 종단 노드는 수신되는 오디오 프레임을 상향 링크를 통하여 마스터 노드로 루프백시키고 오디오가 상향 링크를 통하여 전송되는 과정에서 모든 중계 노드들은 자신이 수신해야 할 오디오 채널을 복사하여 오디오를 재생한다. 오디오 프레임의 송신이 완료되면 남은 기간 동안 중계 노드들은 L2 스위치로 동작하면서 데이터 프레임을 데이터 링크 계층 기반(L2)에서 교환한다. 이와 같은 L1/L2 혼합형 중계 방식의 동작을 위해 노드 입력 부의 물리 계층과 데이터 링크 간에 존재하는 MII에 오디오 프레임과 데이터 프레임을 구분하는 기능을 가지는 글루로직을 새로 추가하였다. 제안된 방식에 대하여 네트워크 시뮬레이터인 OMNeT++를 사용하고 다양한 파라미터를 통하여 제안된 방식이 오디오 트래픽의 지연 특성과 데이터 트래픽의 전송 효율 면에서 우수한 특성을 제공할 수 있음을 보였다. 제안된 방식은 물리 계층 기반의 전송 또는 데이터 링크 기반의 전송 방식을 사용하는 기존 이더넷 기반 오디오 분배 기술에 비하여 향상된 지연 성능 및 전송 효율을 제공할 수 있어 오디오분배 시스템뿐만 아니라 비디오분배 시스템, 디지털 AV장치 간의 연결 등에도 활용될 수 있다.

• 품질경영학회지
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.103-114
• /
• 1991

This article is concerned with cost analysis in warranty policy. The warranty cost can be different according to warranty rate and warranty renewal policy. In this paper the stepdown warranty policy is analyzed. Assuming the nonrepairable item, manufacturer's cost is calculated in stepdown warranty policy and free replacement, pro-rata, hybrid policy. Numerical examples are given over Weibull time-to-failure distribution.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
• /
• 제16권8호
• /
• pp.1144-1153
• /
• 2002

A hybrid performance prediction method is proposed in the present study. A channel diffuser is divided into four subregions: vaneless space, semi-vaneless space, channel, and channel exit region. One-dimensional compressible core flow and boundary layer calculation of each region with an incidence loss model and empirical correlation of residuary pressure recovery coefficient of a channel predict the performance of diffusers. Three channel diffusers are designed and tested for validating the developed prediction method. The pressure distributions from an impeller exit to the channel diffuser exit are measured and discussed for various operating conditions from choke to nearly surge conditions. The strong non-uniform pressure distribution which is caused by impeller-diffuser interaction is obtained over the vaneless and semi-vaneless spaces. The predicted performance shows good agreement with the measured performance of diffusers at a design condition as well as at off-design conditions.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 제어로봇시스템학회 2004년도 ICCAS
• /
• pp.1629-1633
• /
• 2004

In this paper, we first implement the simulation environment to investigate the efficient control method of a Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV) system with battery. The subsystems of a FCEV including the fuel cell system, the electric motor (including the power electronics) and the tansmission (reduction gear), and the auxiliary power source (battery) are mathematically fomulated and coded using the Matlab/Simulink software. Some examples are given to show the capabilities of the modeled system and d a basic control strategy is examined for the economic energy distribution between the fuel cell and the auxiliary power source. It is illustrated by simulations that the actual vehicle velocity follows the given desired velocity pattern while both SOC control and power distribution control are being performed.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기기기및에너지변환시스템부문B
• /
• 제51권6호
• /
• pp.321-329
• /
• 2002

A protection scheme for series active compensator is presented and analyzed in this paper. The proposed series active compensator operated as a high impedance K($\Omega$) to the fundamentals when short-circuit faults occur in the power distribution system, and two control strategies are proposed in this paper The first is the method by detecting the fundamental source current through the p-q theory, the second is the method by detecting the fundamental component of load current in Synchronous Reference Frame(SRF). When the short-circuit faults occur in the power distribution system, the proposed scheme can protect the series active compensator without additional protection circuits. The validity of the Proposed Protection scheme was investigated through experimental results.

• 한국정밀공학회지
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.211-219
• /
• 2000

This paper simulated surface grinding process with statistically simulated grinding wheel topography, considering ridge formation phenomenon when grain scratch workpiece. Wheel grain is modeled as hybrid sphere and cone. Grinding wheel characteristic was evaluated with stylus by expanding the scanning region of the profilometer from a straight line to a plane. Each grain's diameter and semi-angle are assumed as normal distribution, each grain's protrusion height from wheel plane is assumed gamma distribution. So grinding wheel is simulated with grain's position randomly distributed without overlapping. Ground surface is 3-dimensionally simulated considering ridge formation of workpiece by each grain's cutting, and then surface profile and surface roughness parameters are compared with real ground workpiece.

• 응용통계연구
• /
• 제22권6호
• /
• pp.1143-1152
• /
• 2009

A canonical correlation analysis(CCA)-based method is proposed for prediction of future climate change which combines information from ensembles of atmosphere-ocean general circulation models(AOGCMs) and observed climate values. This paper focuses on predictions of future climate on a regional scale which are of potential economic values. The proposed method is obtained by coupling the classical CCA with empirical orthogonal functions(EOF) for dimension reduction. Furthermore, we generate a distribution of climate responses, so that extreme events as well as a general feature such as long tails and unimodality can be revealed through the distribution. Results from real data examples demonstrate the promising empirical properties of the proposed approaches.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
• /
• 제9권3호
• /
• pp.64-67
• /
• 2008

This study investigated the influence of composite resins with different elastic moduli and occlusal loading conditions on the stress distribution of restored notch-shaped non-carious cervical lesions (NCCL) using 3D finite element analysis. Two different materials, Tetric Flow and Z100, were used as representative flowable hybrid resins for the restoration of NCCL. A static point load of 500 N was applied at the buccal and palatal cusps. The ratios of stress reduction to energy dissipation were better in the compressive state than the tensile state regardless of the restorative material. The total dissipation ratios for Tetric Flow were 1.5% and 4.2% larger than those for Z100 under compression and tension, respectively. Therefore, tensile stress poses more of a risk for tooth fracture, and Tetric Flow is a more appropriate material for restoration.

• 천문학회보
• /
• 제43권1호
• /
• pp.56.3-56.3
• /
• 2018

The present study formulates the theory of spontaneously emitted electromagnetic fluctuations in magnetized plasmas containing particles with an anisotropic suparthermal (bi-Kappa) velocity distribution function. The formalism is general applying for an arbitrary wave vector orientation and wave polarization, and for any wave-frequency range. As specific applications, the high-frequency electromagnetic fluctuations emitted in the upper-hybrid and multiple harmonic electron cyclotron frequency range are evaluated. The fluctuations for low-frequency are also applied, which include the kinetic $Alfv\acute{e}n$, fast magnetosonic/whistler, kinetic slow mode, ion Bernstein cyclotron modes, and higher-order modes. The model predictions are confirmed by a comparison with particle-in-cell simulations. The study describes how energetic particles described by kappa velocity distribution functions influence the spectrum of high and low frequency fluctuations in magnetized plasmas. The new formalism provides quantitative analysis of naturally occurring electromagnetic fluctuations, and contribute to an understanding of the electromagnetic fluctuations observed in space plasmas, where kappa-distributed particles are ubiquitous.

• 산업기술연구
• /
• 제15권
• /
• pp.113-122
• /
• 1995

By integrating WDM to OPS unit which plays an important role for the reliability of CPN, we made it possible to provide CATV, VOD, and high-speed data services simultaneously and to meet the requirements for new services in the future. For the design of optimal system, the link analysis of power budget has been performed. Also, the prototyped system has been tested with STM-1 level signals to confirm functions such as transmission, distribution, and protection. The results proved that when occurred out-of-order or recovery of ONU, the system did the pertinent switching with minimum loss for high-speed data services. Also for video distribution services, the system has distributed STM-1 level signals successfully.