• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2009.04b
• /
• pp.149-151
• /
• 2009

Hybrid electric vehicle has three operating mode, depending on the operation of the engine and electric motor. According to the speed range of BLDC motor, In hybrid traction mode, both the engine and electric motor deliver to drive train. Battery charge mode, the electric motor operates as generator and is driven by the engine to charge the batteries. In engine alone traction mode, the electric motor is do-energized, and vehicle is propelled by the engine alone. we propose hysteresis current control technique to maintain constant speed in the motor load torque at the reverse direction. The proposed method is verified by using Matlab Simulink software.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.16 no.10
• /
• pp.3256-3274
• /
• 2022

With the rapid development of information and communications technology, the construction of efficient, reliable, and safe Internet of Things (IoT) is an inevitable trend in order to meet high-quality demands for the forthcoming 6G communications. In this paper, we study a secure intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-assisted IoT system where malicious eavesdropper trying to sniff out the desired information from the transmission links between the IRS and legitimate IoT devices. We discuss the system overall performance and propose a hybrid resource allocation scheme for maximizing the secrecy capacity and secrecy energy efficiency. In order to achieve the trade-off between transmission reliability, communication security, and energy efficiency, we develop a quantum-inspired marine predator algorithm (QMPA) for realizing rational configuration of system resources and prevent from eavesdropping. Simulation results demonstrate the superiority of the QMPA over other strategies. It is also indicated that proper IRS deployment and power allocation are beneficial for the enhancement of system overall capacity.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.34-39
• /
• 2019

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) and Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) are expected to be the major techniques that lead to the next generation wireless communication. NOMA provides a high spectrum efficiency by sharing of spatial resources among users in the same frequency band. Meanwhile, millimeter-wave gives a huge underutilized bandwidth at extremely high frequency band (EHF) which covers 30GHz to 300GHz. These techniques have been proven in several recent literatures to achieve high data rates. The combination of NOMA and millimeter-wave techniques further improves average sum capacities, as well as reduces the interference compared to conventional wireless communication systems. In this paper, we focus on hybrid NOMA system working in millimeter-wave frequency. We propose a clustering algorithm used for a hybrid NOMA scheme to optimize the usage of wireless resources. The proposed clustering algorithm adds several conditions in grouping users and defining clusters to increase the probability of the successful superposition decoding process. The performance of the proposed clustering algorithm is investigated in hybrid NOMA system and compared with the conventional orthogonal multiple access (OMA) scheme.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
• /
• v.62 no.1
• /
• pp.63-69
• /
• 2013

In recent years, technology for storing a preliminary power or a surplus of photovoltaic energy is required. This technique, as well as store a preliminary energy and improve the reliability of the gird safety. This system can plan a efficient power generation through the flexibility of the power supply from the perspective of not only provider but also user. Accordingly, the realization of the smart grid can be expected. This paper proposes a hybrid PCS using a photovoltaic and a lithium-polymer battery with the characteristics of high density energy. The main energy source of a hybrid PCS is a photovoltaic, grid and the auxiliary energy source is a lithium-polymer battery. The operation of a proposed system in this paper is verified with simulation and experimental results.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.335-342
• /
• 2014

In this paper We study on test methods and procedures for Hybrid Track Circuit's practicalization. It's possible to apply to HTC's Seoulmetro and high-speed train by proposing test method considering special rail environment and RFID tag and leader, antenna We also present the test methods and procedures for safe and reliable of interface among the Hybrid track circuit devices.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.129-135
• /
• 2007

In this paper, we present hybrid ARQ techniques to improve the throughput performance in high speed packet transmission such as Internet or multimedia services in Hospital. In order to evaluate the performance of the three different types of hybrid ARQ schemes, systemized link level simulations based on WWW traffic model are considered. In this paper, we also consider the simulated performance for an average link throughput and a normalized packet delay to compare the hybrid ARQ with link adaptation scheme in GPRS.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
• /
• 2005.07a
• /
• pp.265-267
• /
• 2005

RFID 시스템에서 소형화 추세 및 배터리 사용에 따라 태그 및 리더의 전송 전력을 최소화할 수 있는 저전력 설계가 반드시 필요하다. 또한 리더와 Tag는 무선으로 통신을 수행하며, 동시에 Tag는 이동성을 가지므로 에러율이 유선방식에 비해 상당히 높다. 그러나 현재 ISO표준에서는 에러발생시 MAC계층에서 단지 CRC체크 후 재전송을 하는 방식으로 에너지 효율성 및 전송효율이 떨어진다. 본 논문에서는 이 같은 문제를 해결하기 위해서 유통 물류 등에 사용되는 900MHz대역의 RFID시스템에서 에너지 소모 최소화와 신뢰성을 보장할 수 있는 방법으로 Hybrid ARQ를 제안한다. 기존의 Hybrid ARQ를 개선시켜 에너지 효율성을 고려한 최적패킷 길이를 사용하고, 에너지 소모가 적은 BCH Code를 채택한다. 성능 분석 및 시뮬레이션 결과, 제안하는 Hybrid ARQ 방식이 기존의 전송방식보다 에너지 효율성 및 신뢰성을 향상시킴을 보여준다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.1330-1350
• /
• 2022

As a preprocessing operation of transmitter antennas, the hybrid precoding is restricted by the limited computing resources of the transmitter. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel hybrid precoding that guarantees the communication efficiency with low complexity and a fast computational speed. First, the analog and digital precoding matrix is derived from the maximum eigenvectors of the channel matrix in the sub-connected architecture to maximize the communication rate. Second, the extended power iteration (EPI) is utilized to obtain the maximum eigenvalues and their eigenvectors of the channel matrix, which reduces the computational complexity caused by the singular value decomposition (SVD). Third, the Aitken acceleration method is utilized to further improve the convergence rate of the EPI algorithm. Finally, the hybrid precoding based on the EPI method and the Aitken acceleration algorithm is evaluated in millimeter-wave (mmWave) massive multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) systems. The experimental results show that the proposed method can reduce the computational complexity with the high performance in mmWave massive MIMO systems. The method has the wide application prospect in future wireless communication systems.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.559-566
• /
• 2016

Software defined network (SDN) can effectively improve the performance of traffic engineering and will be widely used in backbone networks. Therefore, new energy-saving schemes must take SDN into consideration; this action is extremely important owing to the rapidly increasing energy consumption in telecom and Internet service provider (ISP) networks. Meanwhile, the introduction of SDN in current networks must be incremental in most cases, for technical and economic reasons. During this period, operators must manage hybrid networks in which SDN and traditional protocols coexist. In this study, we investigate the energy-efficient traffic engineering problem in hybrid SDN/Internet protocol (IP) networks. First, we formulate the mathematical optimization model considering the SDN/IP hybrid routing mode. The problem is NP-hard; therefore, we propose a fast heuristic algorithm named hybrid energy-aware traffic engineering (HEATE) as a solution. In our proposed HEATE algorithm, the IP routers perform shortest-path routing by using distributed open shortest path first (OSPF) link weight optimization. The SDNs perform multipath routing with traffic-flow splitting managed by the global SDN controller. The HEATE algorithm determines the optimal setting for the OSPF link weight and the splitting ratio of SDNs. Thus, the traffic flow is aggregated onto partial links, and the underutilized links can be turned off to save energy. Based on computer simulation results, we demonstrate that our algorithm achieves a significant improvement in energy efficiency in hybrid SDN/IP networks.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.5 no.4
• /
• pp.661-667
• /
• 2001

This paper proposes a Truncated Type-II Hybrid ARQ scheme using an adaptive modulation system to achieve high throughput data transmission systems for DS-CDMA cellular mobile communication systems. In this paper, the adaptive modulation system analyzed in Nakagami (m-distribution) fading channel environment. The adaptive modulation system controls the modulation level and symbol rate according to the Nakagami fading parameter( m). When the received Eb/No is high or the Nakagami fading parameter m is high, the propose system selects higher modulation level and higher symbol rate to increase throughput. On the other hand, this system selects lower modulation level and lower symbol rate to prevent throughput performance degradation when the received Eb/No is low. The modulation method have been adopted QPSK 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM. Therefore, adaptive modulation systems with Truncated Type II Hybrid ARQ Scheme is proper for mobile and radio data communication system that require high reliability and delay-limited applications.