• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.132-137
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• 2010

Lead (Pb) is a metal that is generally considered to be toxic to the cardiovascular system. Pb-exposed animals display the evidence of increased oxidative stress and hypertension. The current study was designed to examine whether Korean red ginseng (KRG) has protective effects against Pb-induced hypertension and oxidative stress in Pb-exposed rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to Pb exposure or control groups. KRG was administered in drinking water at a concentration of 100 mg/kg/day; the control group received plain drinking water. Animals in the Pb-exposed groups were provided with drinking water containing 100 ppm Pb acetate for 12 weeks. Blood pressure, plasma glutathione, blood Pb concentration, and hematologic data, such as red blood cell quantity, were determined. Pb poisoning was assessed by measuring the blood Pb concentration. Pb exposure (100 ppm) for 12 weeks resulted in a marked rise in systolic blood pressure and blood Pb concentration, as well as a significant reduction in plasma glutathione levels and red blood cell quantity. Other measurements, such as heart rate, body weight, and white blood cell quantity, were unchanged. Treatment with KRG significantly lowered blood pressure, raised plasma glutathione and increased red blood cell numbers in Pb-exposed animals; it also had no effect on heart rate, body weight, or white blood cell quantity. However, the elevated blood Pb concentration was not reduced by treatment with KRG (100 mg/kg). Taken together, these data indicate that treatment with KRG in Pb-exposed animals can reduce oxidative stress and lower blood pressure, suggesting that KRG might be protective against Pb-exposed hypertension and oxidative stress.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.161-168
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• 2007

Objective and Methods : To study the prevalence and patterns of common dermatoses and compare these to previous reports, we reviewed 128 new outpatients who visited Allergy/Derma-cosmetic Clinic at Kyung Hee Neo Medical Center in Gang-Dong area of Seoul from January to June, 2007. Results : The results of this study are summarized as follows : 1. Among the 128 outpatients, the total number of male patients were 40(31.2%) and female patients were 88(68.8%). 2. In the age distribution, the most frequently visited age groups were 10-19 years old and 20-29 years old(each 21.1%). 3. The most common dermatoses were atopic dermatitis(27.3%), acne(14.1%), allergic contact dermatitis(11.7%), other eczemas(7.8%) and seborrheic dermatitis(7.0%). 4. Among atopic dermatitis patients, the most populated age groups were 0-9 years old and 10-19 years old(each 37.1%), these results are different from past studies revealing that 0-9 years old patients are dominant. 5. Among acne patients, the most frequent age groups were 20-29 years old(50%) and 30-39 years old(27.8%), these results are different from past studies revealing that 20-29 years old and 10-19 years old patients are dominant. 6. Among Allergic contact dermatitis patients, each age group showed no difference of population. And Allergic contact dermatitis patients visited outpatients department at early stage. Conclusion : This study shows that Oriental medicine is popular especially in atopic dermatitis, acne and allergic contact dermatitis. We should investigate long-period and multi-centered study in order to know prevalence tendency of dermatoses in Oriental Medicine. And it is nessessary to research using more efficient evaluation method and treatment for these special diseases.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.150-154
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• 2018

A 9-month-old, castrated, male Labrador Retriever was referred for generalized progressing cutaneous reddish mass lesions with bleeding, scale, crust, and pruritus. On the basis of histopathological findings and the results of immunochemical staining, cutaneous nonepitheliotropic B-cell lymphoma was identified. A cyclophosphamide-doxorubicin-vincristine-prednisolone (CHOP)-based chemotherapy regimen was initiated, and the patient initially showed partial response to vincristine and $\text\tiny{L}$-asparaginase, but the cutaneous lesions progressed gradually. After the first cycle of the CHOP-based protocol, lomustine was administered instead. The cutaneous lesions showed partial response to lomustine, but the treatment did not stop the progression of cutaneous lymphoma. The patient was euthanized due to neurologic signs, including reduced consciousness and seizures, 53 days after initial presentation. The postmortem histopathological examination showed systemic metastasis involving the lymph nodes, skin, kidney, ureter, liver, brain, temporal muscle, diaphragmatic muscle, conjunctiva, and oral cavity.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.241-252
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• 2000

Twenty-two water samples(fifteen groundwater and seven geothermal water samples) were collected to elucidate chemical characteristics of the ground and geothermal waters in the Haeundae hot spring area and its vicinity. Major and honor elements were analyzed for ground and geothermal water samples. The concentrations of $K^+$, Na+$, $Ca^{2+}$, $SO_4^{2-}$, $Cl^-$, ^F^-$ and $SiO_2$ were higher in the geothermal water samples than the groundwater samples except $HCO_3^- and Mg^{2+}$ ions. Based on the contents of Fe, Zn, Cu, Al, Mn and Pb, some of the ground and geothermal water samples are contaminated by anthropogenic sources. The ground waters shown on the Piper diagram belong to $Ca-HCO_3$ type, while the geothermal waters Na-Cl type. The graphs of $Cl^-$ versus $Na^+$, $Ca^{2+}, Mg^{2+}, K^+, SO_4^{2-} and HCO_3^-$ indicate that the groundwater is related partly with mineral-water reaction and partly with anthropogenic contamination, while the geothermal water is related with saline water. On the phase stability diagram, groundwater and thermal water mostly fall in the field of stability of kaolinite. This indicates that the ground and geothermal waters proceed with forming kaolinite. Factor and correlation analyses were carried out to simplify the physicochemical data into grouping some factors and to find interaction between them. Based on the Na-K, Na-K-Ca and Na-K-Ca-Mg geothermometers and silica geothermometers, the geothermal reservoir is estimated to have equilibrium temperature between 125${$\mid$circ}C$ and 160${$\mid$circ}C$.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.933-941
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• 2005

To develop a functional cDNA chip, specific genes expressed in the tissues of swine Kagoshima Berkshire were screened. A total of 4,434 ESTs were obtained by constructing a cDNA library from total RNA isolated from the muscle and fat tissues, affirming their functions by investigating similarity of nucleotide sequences with the database at the NCBI. Among them, 1,230 ESTs were confirmed as novel genes, which, to date, have not been identified. Attaching the genes to a cDNA microarray slide revealed expression patterns of genes in muscle and fat according to the growth stages of swine. As specific genes expressed in the muscle tissues of swine with body weight of 30 kg, 60 genes including actin, myosin, tropomysin, transfer RNA-trp synthetase, Kel-like protein 23, KIAA0182 and COI, Foocen-m, etc were obtained. In addition, 18 novel genes were obtained. As specific genes expressed in fat tissues of swine with body weight of 30 kg, 47 genes including annexin II, Collagen, Fibronectin, Pleckstrin homology domain, serine protease, etc were obtained. 21 novel genes were also obtained. The genes specifically expressed in the muscle and fat tissues of swine affect contraction and relaxation of the muscle and the fat. However, studies on the expression mechanisms of the genes are insufficient. To reveal species of structural genes in swine muscle and fat tissue, interrelation studies in expression and function of genes by using the cDNA chip should be conducted.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2001.11b
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• pp.213-216
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• 2001

Etching behaviors of ferroelectric $YMnO_3$ thin films were studied by an inductively coupled plasma (ICP). Etch characteristic on ferroelectric $YMnO_3$ thin film have been investigated in terms of etch rate, selectivity and etch profile. The maximum etch rate of $YMnO_3$ thin film is $300{\AA}/min$ at $Ar/Cl_2$ of 2/8, RF power of 800W, dc bias voltage of 200V, chamber pressure of 15mTorr and substrate temperature of $30^{\circ}C$. Addition of $CF_4$ gas decrease the etch rate of $YMnO_3$ thin film. From the results of XPS analysis, YFx compounds were found on the surface of $YMnO_3$ thin film which is etched in $Ar/Cl/CF_{4}$ plasma. The etch profile of $YMnO_3$ film is improved by addition of $CF_4$ gas into the $Ar/Cl_2$ plasma. These results suggest that fluoride yttrium acts as a sidewall passivants which reduce the sticking coefficient of chlorine on $YMnO_3$.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.179-187
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• 2010

There is now growing evidence that psoriasis, like other inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus, is a systemic disorder that is associated with enhanced atherosclerosis and risk of coronary artery disease. Erythrodermic psoriasis is a severe form of psoriasis that can be challenging to treat, and carries with it substantial morbidity and an increased risk of mortality compared with other forms of psoriasis. We experienced a case of an erythrodermic psoriasis patient with heart disease. The patient was suffering from whole body erythema, scale, edema and pain. She was admitted to the hospital, and herbal medication, acupuncture, herbal wet dressing and herbal ointment were applied. After 10 days, her edema and pain were remarkably improved, and the patient was discharged and treated through the outpatient clinic. Almost all symptoms were improved after approximately 3 months. We suggest that herbal medicines can be a choice for severe psoriasis patients and can also be helpful for cardiovascular disease.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.45-54
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• 1992

Effects of pH, $PCO_2$, and adenosine on the vascular contractility were investigated in the pig coronary arteries. The helical strips of isolated coronary arteries were immersed in the HEPES or $HCO_3^-/CO_2$-buffered Tyrode's solution equilibrated with 100% $O_2\;or\;95%\;O_2-5%\;CO_2\;at\;35^{\circ}C$. The contraction was recorded isometrically using a force transducer. The amplitudes of contraction induced by ACh, high $K^+$, and electrical Held stimulation (EFS) were decreased by elevating extracellular pH (pHo) and were increased by lowering pHo. A shift from $0%\;CO_2\;to\;5%\;CO_2$ at constant pHo (pH 7.4) reduced the contractions induced by ACh, high $K^+$, EFS. However the contraction induced by 100mM $K^+$ was less influenced by the change of pHo or $CO_2$. The contraction induced by ACh in $Ca^{2+}$free Tyrode's solution as well as the contraction developed by the addition of extracellular of $Ca^{2+}$ were decreased by lowering pHo and were increased by elevating pHo. High $K^+$ (25mM) induced contraction at pH 6.8 was not returned to the level of the contraction at pH 7.4 by the elevation of extracellular. calcium $[Ca^{2+}]_o$. Adenosine-induced relaxation was more significant with 5% $CO_2$ than 0% $CO_2$ in the high $K^+$-induced contraction and was more significant with low pHo than high pHo in the contraction induced by EFS. From the above results, it is suggested that $H^+$ and $CO_2$ inhibit $Ca^{2+}$ influx as well as $Ca^{2+}$ release from intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ storage sites and enhance the relaxing effect of adenosine in the pig coronary artery.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.1080-1087
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• 2005

By screening specific genes related to the muscle growth of swine using cDNA microarray technology, a total of 5 novel genes (GF (growth factor) I, II, III, IV and V) were identified. Results of southern blotting to investigate the number of copies of these genes in the genome of swine indicated that GF I, GF III, and GF V existed as one copy and GF II, and GF IV existed as more than two copies. It was suggested that there are many isoforms of these genes in the genome of swine. Also, results of northern blotting to investigate whether these genes were expressed in grown muscle, using GF I, III, and V indicated that all the genes were much more expressed in the muscle of swine with body weight of 90 kg. Expression patterns of these genes in other organs, namely muscle and propagation and fat tissues, were investigated by extracting RNA from the tissues. These genes were not expressed in the propagation and fat tissues, but were expressed in the muscle tissue. To determine the mechanism of muscle growth, further studies should be preceded using the 3 specific genes related to muscle growth, that is GF I, III, and V.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 2017

The oocyte undergoes various events during in vitro maturation (IVM) and subsequence development. One of the events is production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that is a normal process of cell metabolism. But imbalances between ROS production and antioxidant systems induce oxidative stress that negatively affect to mammalian reproductive process. In vitro environments, in vitro matured oocytes have many problems, such as excessive production of ROS and imperfect cytoplasmic maturation. Therefore, in vitro matured oocytes still have lower maturation rates and developmental competence than in vivo matured oocytes. In order to improve the IVM and in vitro culture (IVC) system, antioxidants, vitamins were added to the IVM, IVC medium. Antioxidant supplementation was effective in controlling the production of ROS and it continues to be explored as a potential strategy to overcome mammalian reproductive disorders. Based on these studies, we expect that the use of antioxidants in porcine oocytes could improved maturation and development rates.