• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.141
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• pp.133-166
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• 2017

The main aim of this paper is to show why justice is based on convention, not nature, in David Hume. Most philosopher, since Aristotle, have considered justice in relation to distribution. This understanding of justice continues up to modern times, and is handled especially in relation to ownership or private property in modern times. In modern times, private property is regarded as an absolute right that should not be violated in any case. Hume identifies this private property with justice. The absolute inviolability of private property is equivalent to never violate to justice. Hume is concerned with the question of where this justice originate. In other words, Hume is not concerned with the Kantian justification of justice, but rather with the psychological discussion of the genesis process of the idea of justice. Hume's answer is that "social utility" is its origin. Public societies are necessary conditions for human being. In other words, if public societies do not exist, humans can not exist. How then can a public society, which is a prerequisite for human being, exist or can be maintained? According to Hume, it is maintained by means of justice. So where is the ground for justice? Hume argues that the basis of justice is not nature, but human conventions. Man accepts justice tacitly and by doing so man can maintains his being. This is a rough insight of Hume. Hume uses a wide variety of concepts to carry out his argument. In this paper, we focus on how the idea of justice in human mind, based on these various concepts presented by Hume, is formed.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• no.114
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• pp.305-335
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• 2016

In the eighteenth century, the scottish philosophers Francis Hutcheson, David Hume and Adam Smith share the idea that morality comes from moral sense, which is a feeling of approval or disapproval of agent's motive and action. However, they have the different views in explaining the mechanism that generates the moral sentiments. Hutcheson takes a moral sense to be a unique mental faculty that is innate to all humans, and regards it as being guaranteed by supernatural apparatus like divine Providence. Hume and Smith reject Hutcheson's concept of internal moral sense and take a stage further Hutcheson's projects of internalisation by naturalizing morality in terms of the principle of sympathy. It is widely held that Hume's moral sentimentalism is essentially similar to Adam Smith's. Though there are important points of contact between Smith's account of sympathy and Hume's, the differences are considerable. The chief of them lies in the fact that Hume grounds our approval of virtue on our recognition of its utility and convention, and Smith does not. Smith grounds our approval of virtue on the impartial spectator's judgment, i.e., conscience. Hence for Smith, the impartial spectator is the one that bridges the gap between particularity and universality and works the vehicle of practical reason. Given this, in this paper, first, I will clarify the difference between Hume's and Adam Smith's understandings of sympathy. Second, I will elucidate how they explain the process to produce the moral sentiments based on their understandings of sympathy. I shall finally explicate in what way Hume's and Smith's theories on sympathy work as moral normativity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• autumn
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• pp.634-637
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• 2003

A tele-operated hume concrete pipe laying machine has been developed to solve several problems on safety, quality, productivity, etc. It is required to propose a performance evaluation model and methodology in order to measure productivity, economic feasibility, quality and safety. The primary objective of this study is to propose a model and methodology for the performance evaluation of the developed tele-operated hume concrete pipe laying machine. Furthermore, this study evaluates its performance compared with the existing hume pipe laying work by using data which obtained in field trials. It is anticipated that the proposed model and methodology might be effectively used in analyzing the performance of other automation robots.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.5 no.1 s.17
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• pp.157-167
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• 2004

In developing an automated construction system, it is essential to propose a performance evaluation model and methodology, which can measure productivity, quality, safety and economic feasibility in order to verify its superiority. Recently, a tele-operated hume concrete pipe laying machine has been developed to solve several problems related to safety, quality, productivity in conventional method. The primary objective of this study is to propose a model and methodology for the performance evaluation of the developed tele-operated hume concrete pipe laying machine. Furthermore, this study evaluates the automation machine's performance compared with the existing hume pipe laying work by using data which obtained in many field trials. It is anticipated that the proposed model and methodology might be effectively used in analyzing the performance of other automation robots.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.550-553
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• 2006

This study measured corrosion rates for checking and analysis of Hume pipes in the housing sites. According to the result, Concrete pipe is deteriorating for twenty years by hydrogen sulfide(H2S). Investigation method applied phenolphthalein method(depth of neutrality). Phenolphthalein method measured average depth from concrete surface to coloring point by red after spraying phenolphthalein solution. A result of investigation, Life span of Hume pipe in the housing site is investigated of twenty years.

• Geotechnical Engineering
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.19-32
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• 1989

The vertical loads of buried Hume pipes were calculated using the finite element method, in which the hyperbolic soil model, the nonlinear hysteretic stress path model and soil-structure interface model were used. The obtained results were compared and discussed with those from the classic methods such as Marston-Spangler's theory and so on. The effects of excavation width and depth to the top of pipe along with soil parameters and type of excavation, which have not been included in the classic methods, were investigated. In addition, a calculation method of the vertical load for buried Hume pipes was proposed and it is presumed to be easily applied in the practical fields.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Design Studies Conference
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• 2002.05b
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• pp.36-37
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• 2002

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.31 no.3 s.258
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• pp.403-408
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• 2007

The concrete pipe(Hume, PC) and polyethylene(PE) pipe are usually used for dram pipe in local market. Hume pipe, however, is heavy and needs the high cost of construction and PC pipe has a disadvantage to easily occur the deformation by the outside pressure even though it is light and constructible. The corrugated steel pipe coated with polyethylene is used increasedly because it is durable, constructible and economical. However, it is not used for sewage or waste water because it is hard to guarantee the watertight property on the coupling part. In this study, we studied on the flange coupling and the method of its construction to guarantee the watertight property and easy to use. If the developed flange coupling and method are used on a construction field, the economical property, constructible property and structural safety can be guaranteed.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.70-76
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to investigate workability and strength of concrete containing rice husk ash. For this purpose, concrete with and without rice husk ash were tested and analyzed on the workability and the characteristics fo their strength such as compressive, tensile and flexural strength according to unit weight of binder. Also, performances of rice husk ash as an admixture of concrete were compared with those of silica hume being widely used for high-strength concrete. As a result, workability and strength of rice husk ash as an admixture of concrete were analogous to those of silica hume.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.30-35
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• 2009

The result of this research explains an interactive behavior of buried steel pipe located below hume pipe using concept of effective depth and effective length against their intersection angle and burial distance. The cover depth of upper rigid (hume) pipe is 1.0m and depth range of flexible (steel) pipe is 0.5m to 5m from beneath bottom of hume pipe. And one more variable is their intersection angle in this study, it was considered from $0^{\circ}$ to $90^{\circ}$. From the results of this study, the effective depth is proportionally increasing with its intersection angle and decreasing with distance increment between two pipes. Finally, the relationship between effective length and summation of occurred bending stress is defined.