• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.1057-1061
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• 2008

For the purpose of investigating the reasonable logics contained in physiognomy of east and old western medicine. hypothetical researches based on hydromechanics theory were performed concerning facial types of form and pathologic features, especially 4 types of Dr. Jisan-Essence, Qi energy. Emotional Activity and Blood(EQAB). In order to infer the functional relation between facial type forming and EQAB factors, EQAB were supposed as fluid grounded on their continual flowing or periodical change and pressure effect from its congestion. and a premise that there's a linear corresponding relationship between the appearance of organ and its physical conditions of its inner vessels is formed too. Through this work, the unit fluid model(UFM) of Essence can be assumed as circle shape formed by the high viscosity and surface tension, the UFM model of Qi energy as quadrangular shape by the scattering features to outer four directions, and the UFM of emotional activity as inverted triangular shape by the flippant and uprising features, and the UFM of blood as ellipsoid triangle by the heavy and descending features in spite of circulation. The shapes made from each UFM are reproduced in the process of human development and manifest respective facial shape through the self-reproduction method like fractal theory in the last. Conclusively. it is said that the facial form analysis method like EQAB type theory can be the useful methodology to understand the human pathological and physiological features in view of hydromechanics.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.605-621
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• 1993

The gingival hyperplasia refers to an increase in the size of the gingival tissue produced by an increase in the number of its component cells. In order to investigate the cellular change in epithelium and subepithelial tissue of noninflammatory gingival hyperplasia, the gingival tissues were surgically obtained from the patients with dilantin gingival hyperplasia and idiopathic gingival hyperplasia. The excised tissue samples were fixed in neutral formalin for 6-24 hours, embedded with paraffin, sectioned at $4-6{\mu}m$ in thickness, mounted on glass slides coated with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane(Sigma Chemical Co., St. Louis, MO, U.S.A.) and immunocytochemically processed by Avidin-Biotin peroxidase complex method for detecting proliferating cell nuclear antigen, tenascin and collagen type IV. Monoclonal mouse anti-human PCNA antibody(Oncogene Science, Uniondale, NY, U.S.A., 1 : 250,000), monoclonal mouse anti-human tenascin antibody(Chemicon-International Inc., Temecula, CA, U.S.A., 1:5,000), and monoclonal mouse anti-human collagen type IV(Dakopatts, Glostrup, Denmark, 1: 50) were used as primary antibodies. The results were as follows: 1. In non-inflammatory gingival hyperplasia, the positive reaction to proliferating cell nuclear antigen was localized in the basal cell layer of gingival epithelium and well-developed rete pegs. 2. The positive reaction to tenascin was shown in the connective tissue subjacent to basament membrane of gingival tissue, and especially strong positive reaction was noted in the tip portion of connective tissue projections. 3. The positive reaction to collagen type IV was localized along the basement membranes of gingival epithelium and blood vessels. The results suggest that connective tissue enlargement may affect the proliferation of gingival epithelium.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.149-157
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• 2014

Smoking is one of the most serious but preventable causes of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Key aspects of pathological process associated with smoking include endothelial dysfunction, a prothrombotic state, inflammation, altered lipid metabolism, and hypoxia. Multiple molecular events are involved in smoking-induced CVD. However, the dysregulations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and metabolism mainly contribute to the development of diverse CVDs, and NADPH oxidase (NOX) has been established as a source of ROS responsible for the pathogenesis of CVD. NOX activation and resultant ROS production by cigarette smoke (CS) treatment have been widely observed in isolated blood vessels and cultured vascular cells, including endothelial and smooth muscle cells. NOX-mediated oxidative stress has also been demonstrated in animal studies. Of the various NOX isoforms, NOX2 has been reported to mediate ROS generation by CS, but other isoforms were not tested thoroughly. Of the many CS constituents, nicotine, methyl vinyl ketone, and ${\alpha}$,${\beta}$-unsaturated aldehydes, such as, acrolein and crotonaldehyde, appear to be primarily responsible for NOX-mediated cytotoxicity, but additional validation will be needed. Human epidemiological studies have reported relationships between polymorphisms in the CYBA gene encoding p22phox, a catalytic subunit of NOX and susceptibility to smoking-related CVDs. In particular, G allele carriers of A640G and $-930^{A/G}$ polymorphisms were found to be vulnerable to smoking-induced cardiovascular toxicity, but results for C242T studies are conflicting. On the whole, evidence implicates the etiological role of NOX in smoking-induced CVD, but the clinical relevance of NOX activation by smoking and its contribution to CVD require further validation in human studies. A detailed understanding of the role of NOX would be helpful to assess the risk of smoking to human health, to define high-risk subgroups, and to develop strategies to prevent or treat smoking-induced CVD.

• 해양정책연구
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.147-181
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• 2018

Currently, we are living in the era of the 4th industrial revolution. In the field of shipping industry, the MASS is a revolutionary game changer in the making arising out of such an industrial and technical innovation in the pursuit of radically challenging the pre-existing system of a human-operated vessel. Given this trend, the entire maritime regulatory regime, which has been designed by, and intertwined with, human seaworthiness, abruptly faces the most unprecedented normative confrontations now and increasingly in the coming days. As the constitution of ocean, UNCLOS, provides, every flag state is obliged to effectively exercise its jurisdiction to secure technical and human seaworthiness. Moreover, the coastal state may institute protective proceedings against vessels in respect of any violations of its laws to protect its marine environment in maritime zones of the coastal state. Further, UNCLOS acknowledges that the port state's authority extends to take administrative measures to prevent sub-standard ships from sailing within the ports or offshore-terminals of the state. These three jurisdictional functions will be required to more closely interface with each other than ever over the legal and political implications created by MASS. Although states' jurisdictional nuances are significant in this present world tilting back to protectionism, there are few articles to present jurisdictional issues of states and conceivable normative discourse with regard to MASS. This articles visits potential jurisdictional conflicts underlying MASS and tries to strike balance between contradictory interpretive approaches under UNCLOS while it is undeniable that this doctrinal research tends to strive to find justifications within the current framework of international law.

• 대한바이러스학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.47-58
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• 1996

Histopathological vascular changes in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) caused by Hantaan virus include increased vascular permeability, disseminated intravascular coagulation, thrombocytopenia and changes in coagulation activity. Although vascular endothelial cells of main target organs such as kidney infected with Hantaan virus are not damaged but swelling of endothelial cells, perivascular exudates and infiltration of mononuclear cells and fresh interstitial hemorrhages are common. However, the pathogenesis of cell infiltration and hemorrhages around vascular endothelial cells are not well understood. Some endothelial cell molecules or vascular adhesins that acts as adhesion moleulces for leukocyte are expressed on endothelial cells close to site of inflammation. However, whether the expression of endothelial adhesion molecules such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1) and endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule (ELAM) on vascular endothelial cells are increased by infection with Hantaan virus has not been studied. In this study, the relationship between the expression of VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and ELAM and adhesion of mononuclear cells on endothelial cells of human blood vessels infected with Hantaan virus was investigated. The endothelial cells of umbilical vein was passaged three times in culture medium and the monolayered cells were infected with $10^5\;pfu/ml$ of Hantaan virus grown in Vera E6 cell cultures. The multiplication of virus in cultured endothelial cells was monitored by immunohistochemistry and the expression of adhesion molecules was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibodies against VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and ELAM. And in situ hybriditation against ICAM-1 was also performed. The endothelial adhesion molecules, VCAM and ICAM, were expressed after 6 hours postinfection, respectively, and their expressions lasted for 72 hours. Similar expression of VCAM and ICAM appeared on endothelial cells by infection with virus, but the expression of ELAM was not recognized up to 72 hours postinfection. Microscopically, it was noted that many monocuclear cells adhered on endothelial cells infected with viruses. In an electronmicroscopic study, the transendothelial migration of mononuclear cells was observed on monolayered endothelial cells infected with virus. This results suggested that the endothelial adhesion molecules, particulary VCAM and ICAM, might be expressed on endothelial cells by infection with Hantaan virus and these molecules play a key role in the adhesion and extravasation of inflammatory cells around blood vessels.

• 대한관절경학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.52-57
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• 2003

목적 : 정상 반월상 연골을 형태학적으로 계측하고 혈관 분포를 조사하여 연령과 해부학적 위치에 따른 차이를 비교하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 21구의 사체에서 반월상 연골을 채취하여 이를 연령별로 3군으로 나누고 각각을 10개의 절편으로 나누어 반월상 연골의 폭(width)과 혈관의 분포를 측정하였다. 결과 : 반월상 연골의 평균 폭은 내측이 $10.4{\pm}2.92mm$, 외측이 $10.55{\pm}2.05mm$로 측정 되었다. 혈관 분포 범위는 내측이 $20.29{\pm}8.44\%$, 외측이 $18.99{\pm}7.03\%$이었다. 해부학적 위치에 따른 혈관 분포는 내측의 경우 전각의 혈관 분포가 가장 풍부하였고(p<0.05), 외측의 경우 후각의 혈관 분포가 가장 풍부하였으며(p<.0.05) 슬와근부에서도 혈관 주행을 관찰할 수 있었다. 연령이 증가할수록 내측은 전각, 체부, 후각 모두 혈관 분포가 감소하며 외측은 체부와 후각에서 혈관 분포가 감소하는 것으로 나타났다(p<.0.05). 결론 : 내측 및 외측 반월상 연골의 혈관 분포는 해부학적 위치에 따라 달랐으며 연령이 증가함에 따라 내측과 외측에서 모두 전체적인 혈관 분포가 감소함을 알 수 있었다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.223-226
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• 2014

청국장은 대두발효식품으로 대두 단백질이 발효 중 분해되면서 다양한 생리활성물질이 만들어진다. 혈관내피세포는 혈관의 기능은 물론 신생혈관 생성을 주도하는 세포이다. 뇌졸중이나 심근경색, 뇌경색 등의 혈관관련 질병들은 신생혈관 생성을 촉진하는 치료법이 필요하다. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF)는 새로운 혈관 형성을 촉진하는 역할을 한다. 본 연구에서는 청국장 에탄올추출물(CEE)이 HUVEC (혈관 내피세포) 증식에 미치는 영향을 조사하여 보았다. 청국장 추출물(100, $1000{\mu}g/ml$)을 HUVEC에 처리했을 때, VEGF (10 ng/ml)를 처리한 대조군과 같은 정도로 세포를 증식시켰다. 열처리한 청국장추출물을 혈관 내피세포에 처리해도 세포 증식효과는 마찬가지였다. 청국장이 세포 증식뿐 아니라 HUVEC이동에도 영향을 주는지 sprout 분석법으로 확인하였다. 청국장 추출물($100{\mu}g/ml$)을 처리했을 때, VEGF (10 ng/ml)와 비슷할 정도로 HUVEC 이동이 일어났다. 청국장 추출물에서 HUVEC 증식과 이동에 영향을 미치는 특정 peptide의 분리가 필요할 것이다.

• 폴리머
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.127-134
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• 2013

혈관내피세포는 혈관 안쪽을 덮고 있는 편평한 세포층으로, 혈관의 기능과 혈관평활근세포의 증식을 조절한다. 폴리락타이드글리콜라이드 공중합체(PLGA)는 물성이 좋고 분해속도를 조절하기 좋은 생분해성 합성고분자이며, 여러 형태로 제조하기 쉽다. 누에에서 얻은 실크 피브로인은 18가지 아미노산으로 구성되어 있고 세포의 부착과 세포 기능 유지에 중요하며 화장품, 의료분야 등 다양한 분야에서 응용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 용매 증발법을 이용하여 0, 10, 20, 40 및 80 wt%의 실크를 이용하여 실크/PLGA 하이브리드 필름을 만들었으며, MTT, SEM, ELISA, 면역세포화학염색법을 실시하였다. 실크/PLGA 하이브리드 필름에서 실크 함량에 따른 인간 대동맥 내피세포의 부착과 증식을 측정한 결과, 40 wt%의 실크/PLGA 하이브리드 필름에서 세포의 부착과 증식이 가장 높았으며, 이런 결과들은 실크가 세포의 증식에 좋은 영향을 미치고 실크/PLGA 하이브리드 필름의 표면이 인간 대동맥 내피세포의 성장에 알맞은 환경이라는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.119-129
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• 2024

인체 피부 림프계는 간질액을 배출하고 면역 시스템을 활성화하는 중요한 역할을 한다. 자외선과 자연적인 노화와 같은 환경 요인들은 종종 이러한 림프관의 구조적 변화를 일으키며, 이로 인해 피부 기능 장애를 발생시키기도 한다. 그러나 이러한 연구를 위한 동물 실험 대체 방안이 없기 때문에 여전히 연구를 진행하기엔 적합하지 않은 제한 사항들이 존재한다. 인체 피부 림프계를 더 잘 이해하고 림프관 형성에 관련된 분자 및 생리학적 변화를 조사하기 위해, 생체 모방 미세유체 플랫폼인 'skin-lymph-on-a-chip'을 제작하여, 새로운 체외 인체 피부 림프 모델을 개발하였다. 간단히 말해, 이 플랫폼은 체외에서 분화된 일차 정상 인간 표피 각질형성세포(NHEKs)와 피부 림프 내피세포(HDLECs)를 공동 배양하는 것을 의미한다. 약 500 시간 동안 자연 발효를 통해 확보하고 집약된 인삼 뿌리 추출물인 Lymphanax^TM의 림프관 형성 효과를 평가하기 위해 해당 시스템에 적용하였고, 분자 수준 요인들의 변화는 딥러닝 기반 알고리즘을 사용하여 분석하였다. 결론적으로, Lymphanax^TM는 skin-lymph-on-a-chip에서 건강한 림프관 형성을 촉진하였고, 그 성분들이 칩내에서 분화된 NHEKs를 거의 침투하지 않는 결과를 통해, HDELCs에 간접적으로 영향을 미쳤음을 확인하였다. 전반적으로, 이 연구는 기존과 차별화된 체외 인체 피부 림프모델 시스템의 확보와 더불어 이를 통한 Lymphanax^TM의 림프 활성화 효과에 대한 새로운 관점을 제공한다.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제57권1호
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• pp.57-68
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• 2021

In order to collect basic data for the improvement of fishing systems in coastal improved stow net fishery, a questionnaire survey and on-site hearing were conducted from May 10 to June 11, 2019 on the basic items of coastal improved stow net fishery and safety accidents that occurred during fishing operation. The questionnaire for the survey on the actual conditions of coastal improved stow net fishery consisted of a survey on basic matters (six questions) and a questionnaire (six questions) on safety accidents occurring during fishing operation. The results of the survey on basic items were analyzed by region (Incheon, Seocheon, Gunsan and Mokpo), by the captain's age (less than 50 years of age, 50 to 60 years and more than 60 years of age), by the captain's career (less than 20 years, 20 to 30 years, 30 to 40 years and more than 40 years) and by the age of fishing vessel (less than 10 years, 10 to 20 years and more than 20 years). According to the survey on basic items of coastal improved stow net fishery such as the captain's age, the captain's career, the age of fishing vessel, the fishing nets in use, the crews on board and the operation days per voyage by region, the average captain's age was 55.7 years, the average captain's career was 20.5 years, the average age of fishing vessels was 9.0 years, the average numbers of nets used by fishing boats was 14.0 sets, the average numbers of crew on board a fishing boat was 4.4 persons and the average numbers of operation days per voyage was 4.9 days (p < 0.05). As a result of the survey on safety factors during fishing operations, such as experience of ship accidents, major causes of ship accidents experienced, causes of ship accidents (first priority), experience of human accidents, major causes of human accidents, and causes of human accidents (first priority), more than 96% of the respondents experienced ship accidents including collisions with other vessels or fishing gear during fishing operations. The most significant cause of the accident was the other's fishing gear installed in the fishing grounds. The first possible causes of ship accidents during fishing operations were found to be other fishing gear installed in fishing grounds, steering or engine failure, and inability to avoid accidents during casting and hauling nets. The survey of the experience of human accidents, such as injuries or sea falls, showed that more than 90% of the respondents experienced human accidents during fishing operations. The most important cause of accidents experienced during fishing operations was stucked in a fishing gear during casting and hauling nets. The first important causes of accidents during fishing operations were movement of the fishing gear during casting and hauling nets, damage of the fishing gear such as rope cutting. The results are expected to be provided as a basic data to prevent safety accidents occurring during fishing operation and improve the fishing system in the coastal improved stow net fishery.