• Molecules and Cells
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• 제45권8호
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• pp.522-530
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• 2022

Transposable elements (TEs) account for approximately 45% of the human genome. TEs have proliferated randomly and integrated into functional genes during hominoid radiation. They appear as right-handed B-DNA double helices and slightly elongated left-handed Z-DNAs. Human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) families are widely distributed in human chromosomes at a ratio of 8%. They contain a 5'-long terminal repeat (LTR)-gag-pol-env-3'-LTR structure. LTRs contain the U3 enhancer and promoter region, transcribed R region, and U5 region. LTRs can influence host gene expression by acting as regulatory elements. In this review, we describe the alternative promoters derived from LTR elements that overlap Z-DNA by comparing Z-hunt and DeepZ data for human functional genes. We also present evidence showing the regulatory activity of LTR elements containing Z-DNA in GSDML. Taken together, the regulatory activity of LTR elements with Z-DNA allows us to understand gene function in relation to various human diseases.

• 생약학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.130-136
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• 1999

The cytotoxic and antitumor activity of Herba cratalariae sessiliflorae on cultured NIH 3T3 fibroblast and human oral epitheloid carcinoma cells were evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazoliumbromide (MTT) colorimetric method. The light microscopic study was carried out to observe morphological changes of cultured mouse fibroblast and human oral epitheloid carcinoma cells (KB). These results were obtained as follows; Ethyl acetate, chloroform and hexane extracts showed a significant cytotoxicity in NIH 3T3 fibroblast, but the other extracts did not show. All extracts exhibited a significant antitumor activity in human oral epitheloid carcinoma cells, but ethanol extract did not show a antitumor activity. Hexane extract showed low cytotoxic effect, but exhibited the most antitumor activity. The MTT absorbance in NIH 3T3 fibroblast was significantly decreased by treatment with chloroform, ethyl acetate and hexane extracts respectively. Human oral epitheloid carcinoma cells was significantly decreasd by treatment with all extracts with the exception of ethanol extract. The difference in MTT absorbance in two cell Types was most remarkable when treated with water and hexane extracts. Cholroform and hexane extracts showed the strongest effect in growth inhibition of human oral epitheloid carcinoma cells. These results indicated that water extract possessed no cytotoxicity and a strong antitumor activity.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.415-423
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• 2009

$\beta$-glycerophosphate는 치수의 상아모세포 분화를 촉진하는 물질이다. Portland cement는 수중에서 장기간에 걸쳐 용해되기 때문에 $\beta$-glycerophosphate을 혼합한 Portland cement는 수산화칼슘과 함께 $\beta$-glycerophosphate를 장기간 용출하게 된다. 본 실험에서는 $\beta$-glycerophosphate을 혼합한 Portland cament에 대한 인간치수세포의 반응을 알아보았다. 인간 치수 세포에 대한 $\beta$-glycerophosphate의 효과를 알아보기 위해 다양한 농도의 $\beta$-glycerophosphate와 dexamethasone에 대한 인간 치수 세포의 ALP activity을 측정하였고 alizarin red S로 염색하여 관찰하였다. $\beta$-glycerophosphate가 다양한 농도(10 mM, 100 mM, 1 M)로 혼합된 Portland cement에 대한 인간 치수 세포의 MTS assay, ALP activity를 측정하고 SEM으로 관찰하였다. 치수세포의 석회화 정도를 관찰한 연구에서 $\beta$-glycerophosphate와 dexamethasone 단독으로 적용하였을 때 거의 효과가 없었으나 5 mM $\beta$-glycerophosphate와 100 nM dexamethasone을 혼합 적용하였을 때 가장 높은 ALP acticity를 보였다. 분화제를 첨가하거나 첨가하지 않은 모든 실험군에서 치수세포에 대한 독성은 관찰되지 않았으며 Portland cement에 10 mM $\beta$-glycerophosphate을 혼합한 시편의 ALP activity가 대조군에 비교하여 가장 많이 증가하였다. 결론적으로 $\beta$-glycerophosphate이 혼합된 Portland cement는 세포 독성이 없으며 첨가물이 없는 Portland cement에 비해 치수 분화 및 석회화를 더 많이 일으키므로 임상적으로 $\beta$-glycerophosphate을 혼합한 Portland cement 적용은 재료 하방에 더 많은 상아질을 형성시킬 것으로 추측된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.1107-1112
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• 1999

We investigated the inhibitory effects of phytol and methyl 11,14,17 eicosatrienoic acid (methyl ETA, n 3, 20 : 3) separated from perilla leaves on the growth of human cancer cells. Phytol inhibited significantly the growth of HT 29 human colon cancer cells, MG 63 osteosarcoma cells and AZ 521 gastric cancer cells. Although the activity of methyl ETA was lower than that of phytol, it was also observed to have the inhibitory effect on three human cancer cell lines. Furthermore, the DNA synthesis of the MG 63 osteosarcoma cells was markedly decreased by the addition of the phytol and methyl ETA. These results suggest that phytol and methyl ETA identified from the perilla leaves may play a role on the growth inhibition of the human cancer cells.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.153-159
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• 1999

This study was undertaken to evaluate antioxidative activities of substances isolated from marine resources against human low density lipoprotein (LDL). Methanol-water extract(80 : 20, v/v) of Sargassum ringgoldianum had the highest antioxidant activity and the active substance was purified by silica gel column chromatography by eluting chlorform : methanol mixture (80 : 20 v/v). The active fraction was seperated to several spots on the TLC in chlorofrom : methanol (10 : 1, v/v) mixture. Antioxidative activity of band 4 of fraction 2 on TLC was highest than that of $\alpha$-tocopherol against human LDL oxidation by the method of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS). The band 4 of fraction 2 inhibited the copper mediated oxidation of human LDL with almost completely at 1 or 2 mg/ml.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.137-168
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• 2013

In this paper we study activity theory and Davydov's learning activity theory. We analyze brief history of activity theory in Russia, structure of human activity, and Davydov's studies in activity theory. Especially we analyze Davydov's 1st grade mathematics textbook, and try to investigate embodiment of Davydov's learning activity theory in his mathematics textbook.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.272-276
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• 1998

Polysaccharide content in protein-polysaccharides (PPS) extracted from sea mustard, sea tangle and fusiform were 40.61, 38.42 and 52.80% , respectively. 5% of sea tangle PPS showed highest inhibitory activity on 4-nitorquinoline -1-oxide(4-NQO) against Salmonella typhimurium TA100 compared to the other seaweed PPS. 5% of sea mustard PPS showed highest inhibition ration of 62% on 2-nitrofluorene(2-NF)against Salmonella typhimurium TA98. These PPS extracts showed cytotoxic activity against human colon cancer cell (SW-480), and showed mild cytotoxic activity on human stomach cancer cell(SNU-1) and human hepatic cancer cell(HepG 2).

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.150-156
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• 2008

The photoprotective effects of minerals from Korean indigenous ores, consisting mainly of sericite, on UVA-irradiated human dermal fibroblast (HDF) were examined. Zymographic analysis showed that the treatment of the minerals significantly reduced the UVA-enhanced MMP-1 activity and mRNA level. The minerals also showed strong inhibitory effect on MMP-2 activity and mRNA expression. Moreover, the minerals were better than polyphenol in reducing MMP-1 and MMP-2 expressions. Notably, the minerals significantly enhanced collagen biosynthesis in the HDF. Inhibition of the elastase activity and protection against the oxidatively damaged HDF cell were also found in the presence of the minerals. Taken together, the ore minerals may be used as the potent photo-protective and anti-skin-aging ingredients which can prevent skin cell damage by UVA.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.31-37
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• 2004

Curcumin, a natural compound extracted from rhizomes of Curcuma longa, has been shown to possess potent anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activity. The mechanism by which curcumin initiates apoptosis remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of curcumin on caspase-3 activity and protein expression of procaspase-3, Bcl-2, Bax, total Akt and phosphorylated Akt in SW480 human colon cancer cell. We cultured SW480 cells in the presence of various concentrations (0, 10, 20 or 30 uM) of curcumin. Curcumin inhibited colon cancer cell growth in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). Caspase-3 activity was significantly increased dose-dependently in cells treated with curcumin (p < 0.05), concisely procaspase-3 expression was significantly decreased. Bcl-2 levels were decreased dose-dependently in cells treated with curcumin (p < 0.05), but Ben remained unchanged. In addition, phosphorylated Akt levels and total Akt levels were markedly lower in cells treated with 20 uM of curcumin treatment (p < 0.05), In conclusion, we have shown that curcumin inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis in SW480 human colon cancer cell lines via Akt signal pathway.

• Journal of Life Science
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.57-61
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• 1999

This study was designed to develope the antioxidative activity on oxidation of human low density lipoprotein(LDL) from marine microbials. Bacillus KS-96 producign antioxidant have been isolated and identified from seawater, Bacillus sp. KS-96. The optimal medium pH was 7.0 and incubation temperature was 30$^{\circ}C$. The antiosidant of potential substance produced extracellularly in the culture broth by Bacillus sp. KS-96 was obtained by elution of silica gel culumn chromatography with hexane, ethylacetate and water. The ethylacetate faction are shown at highest level of antioxidant activity using thiocyanate method among them. By IR, NMR, and GC/MS, antioxidant purified from ehtylacetate fraction was identified and named as 2,6-dimethoxyphenol. 2,6-dimethoxyphenol inhibited the metal mediated oxidation of human LDL at concentration of 50∼100 ${\mu}$g/mL in the presence of 5uM CuSO4 with macrophage or J774 cells.