• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.182-191
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• 2004

This study is focused on the development of a child human model, which is composed of skin, skeleton, joints and muscle, etc. The dimension of child outer skin is referred to anthropometric data from KRISS (Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science). The positions of joint and mass properties of body segments are calculated from ATB(Articulated Total Body) program, GEBOD. The properties of bones and muscles are obtained by the way of scaling from adult human model. To verify the developed human model, ROM simulation and sled test is conducted. Developed human model can be effectively applied to the evaluation of human injury in crash situation and development of child restraint system. The explicit finite element program $PAM-CRASH^TM$ was used to simulate six-year old child human model.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.35 no.7
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• pp.771-778
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to investigate the contents of protein, fat, lactose and energy in the human milk and the intake of human milk and those nutrients in breast-fed infants from 16 lactating women in Seoul area during the first 5 months postpartum. Daily human milk intake was determined by test-weighing method and the milk from 16 mothers was analyzed for protein (semimicro Kjeldahl, N $\times$ 6.38), fat (milk checker), lactose (HPLC). Energy was calculated by Atwater and milk factor. The mean intake of human milk to the 5th month of lactation was 668 $\pm$ 186 $m\ell$/day. Mean protein contents of the human milk at 0.5, 12, 3, 4 and 5 months postpartum showed 1.48, 1.35, 1.17, 1.11, 1.15 and 1.10 g/100 $m\ell$ respectively. Lipid and lactose contents of the human milk during the first S months postpartum averaged 3.38 g/100 $m\ell$ and 6.79 g/100 $m\ell$. Energy contents at 0.5, 12, 3, 4 and 5 months postpartum showed 64.2, 66.1, 68.3, 60.1, 58.9 and 61.2 g/100 $m\ell$ respectively. Protein intake of infants from the human milk was 8.22 g/day which was 54.8% of Korean RDA. Lipid and lactose intake of infants were 23.0 and 45.6 g/day. Energy intake of infants was 422.3 kcal/day which was 84.4% of Korean RDA. Total energy content was almost same value regardless of Atwater or milk factor but the energy ratio was some different. Protein and solid contents decreased the course of lactation but lactose content was less changed. These results suggest that more research were required for the RDA.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.47-55
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• 2001

The Human Sensibility Measurement Technology, the engineering discipline that translate the imagination and good impression of human being into a physical factor for relevant product, is important to improve the quality of industrial products. This dissertation is aimed at measuring and evaluating the human sensibility for texture I presented the image scale in expectation of applying it to the production and choice of goods fitting into one's sensibility and to the coordination of goods which have similar images.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.22 no.52
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• pp.241-246
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• 1999

In this study, to specify an evaluation of human sensibility, the types of color, intensity of illuminations and lights consisting work environmental condition are decided, and image data from examining the change of human sensibility followed by changes of the above three conditions are obtained. Using the factor analysis and quantification theory in multi-variate analysis type of Sensibility Ergonomics, determinating the structure of factors, specifying the relations of environmental conditions and factors can be done so that the structure of image on human sensibility space with the change of environmental conditions is analyzed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.133-140
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• 2004

This study deals with human reaction speed according to human physical conditions (body size) such as head width, thickness, breast width, arm extent, and age. Especially, the results of this study are compared between young and old generation. According to this study, the thickness and extent factor do not have any correlation with human reaction speed, but width factors(head width, breast width, etc) have some correlation with human reaction speed. The result of this study can be used to find fitter person for a special job such as emergency condition job, sports man (because you can find a person having a good talent for it without test). Also, the purpose of this study is to find CNT (Channel Noise Time). The word of CNT is to explain the relation between Channel Noise and working speed. (Channel Noise is a kind of noise happening between the human information transmission channel.)

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.53-60
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• 2018

Based on the previous studies on sinkholes and ground subsidence conducted until date, the factors affecting the occurrence of sinkholes can be divided into natural environmental factors and human environmental factors in accordance with the purpose of the study. Furthermore, to be more specific, the human environment can be classified into the artificial type and the social type. In this study, the assessment indices for assessing risks of sinkholes and ground subsidence were developed by performing AHP analysis based on the results of the study by Lee et al. (2016), who selected the risk factors for the occurrence of sinkholes by performing Delphi analysis targeting relevant experts. Analysis showed that the artificial environmental factors were of significance in affecting the occurrence of sinkholes. Explicitly, the underground factors were found to be of importance in the natural environment, and among them, the level of underground water turned out to be an imperative influencing factor. In the artificial environment, the underground and subterranean structures exhibited similar importance, and in the underground structures, the excessive use of the underground space was found to be an important influencing factor. In the subterranean ones, the level of water leakage and the erosion of the water supply and sewage piping system were the influential factors, and in the surface, compaction failure was observed as an imperative factor. In the social environment, the regional development, and above all, the groundwater overuse were found to be important factors. In the managemental and institutional environment, the improper construction management proved to be the most important influencing factor.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.63-73
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• 1998

To get well-fitted ready-made clothings with beautiful silhouettes, it's better to classify body forms into several forms and to assign sizing within each form than to grade just based on body size regardless of body styles. This study illucidated the importance of drop value in the results of surveying the current values of sizing and grading. Therefore, it's meaningful to get the classification of body form with appropriate distribution of drop values of the body, and the distribution of drop value and the frequency of each form is very helpful to name the combined sizing or coverage of ready-made clothes. This study aimed at classifying body forms with various drop values using multivariate analysis for sizing and grading. Factor analysis and cluster analysis were done using measured values from 346 unmarried women. The results are as follows: 1. The factor which explains body forms was obtained by factor analysis, and the representative major 18 items which have important roles in classifying body forms were selected among the measured values with high factor loading and communality. 2. The body forms were classified into 8 groups based on the charateristics, frequencies and distributions of them obtained from cluster analysis. 3. Each classified body form showed conspicuous difference in drop value and the difference of body form mainly resulted from the difference between waist and hip rather than the difference between bust circumference and waist in Korean unmarried women.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.201-212
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• 2021

This study aims to investigate variables affecting the business performance of Muslim women entrepreneurs in Sri Lanka. A multidimensional analysis was proposed with five potentially defined antecedents of business performance which included psychological characteristics, human capital, social capital, industrial factor, and cultural factor. Data was collected from 286 respondents through the use of a self-administered questionnaire. The results of structural equation modeling indicate that the model meets the goodness-of-fit indices and that generally, all five factors have significant positive relationships with business performance. Amongst the dimensions of psychological characteristics, only risk-taking had a notable effect on business performance. Amongst the dimensions of human capital, two of the three dimensions (business experience and business skills) were significantly associated with business performance; in the case of social capital, one of the two dimensions (non-familial affiliations) was significantly associated with business performance; and in the case of industrial factor, resource accessibility was significantly associated with business performance. A strong positive correlation with business performance has also been demonstrated by the cultural factor which was a new concept to the paradigm as a whole. This study has broadened the understanding of existing literature on Muslim women entrepreneurship and contributed practical implications to government, policymakers and other related agencies, chambers of commerce, the general public, as well as the Muslim women entrepreneurs themselves.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.24 no.68
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• pp.51-65
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• 2001

This study is to make LCIA(Life Cycle Impact Assessment) easier as a methodology of environmental scores(called E-score) that integrated environmental load of each emission substance based on environmental damage such as in human health, ecosystem and resources category. The concept is to analyzes the LCI(Life Cycle Inventory) and defines the level of environment damages for human health, ecosystem and resources to objective impact assessment standard, and makes the base of marginal damage to calculate the damage factor, which can present the indication that can establish the standard value of environmental impact. First, damages to human health are calculated by fate analysis, effect analysis and damage analysis to get the damage factor of health effect as a DALY(Disability Adjusted Life Years) unit. Second, damages to ecosystem are calculated by fate analysis, effect analysis and damage analysis to get the damage factor of the effect as a PDF(Potentially Disappeared Fraction) unit through linking potentially increased disappeared fraction. Third, damages to resources are carried out by resource analysis and damage analysis for linking the lower fate to surplus energy conception to get damage factor as a MJ(Mega Joule) unit. For the ranking of relative environment load level each other, LCIA can be carried out effectively by applying this E-score methodology to the particular emission substances. A case study has been introduced for the emission substances coming out of a tire manufacturer in Korea. It is to show how to work the methodology. Based on such study result, product-designers or producers now can apply the E-scores presented in this study to the substances of emission list, and then calculate the environment load of the product or process in advance at any time and can see the environment performance comparatively and expected to contribute to the environmental improvement in view of environmental pollution prevention.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.140-146
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• 2016

Naringenin (NAR) as one of the flavonoids observed in grapefruit has been reported to exhibit an anti-cancer activity. Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) is associated with apoptosis in human colon cancer cells. This study was performed to investigate the molecular mechanism by which NAR stimulates ATF3 expression and apoptosis in human colon cancer cells. NAR reduced the cell viability and induced an apoptosis in human colon cancer cells. ATF3 overexpression increased NAR-mediated cleaved PARP, while ATF3 knockdown attenuated the cleavage of PARP by NAR. NAR increased ATF3 expression in both protein and mRNA level, and increased the luciferase activity of ATF3 promoter in a dose-dependent manner. The responsible region for ATF3 transcriptional activation by NAR is located between -317 and -148 of ATF3 promoter. p38 inhibition blocked NAR-mediated ATF3 expression, its promoter activation and apoptosis. The results suggest that NAR induces apoptosis through p38-dependent ATF3 activation in human colon cancer cells.