• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.115-135
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• 2003

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate the concept of Aphasia of children in the western and oriental medicine. Methods : We surveyed the western and oriental medical books from to recent published books that have articles on Aphasia. Results and Conclusion : The concept of phonation organ in neiching is same as that of modern physiology. Sul-um is relative with verbal disturbance of central nervous disease and Hu-um is relative with verbal disturbance of peripheral nervous disease in modern medicine. The Aphasia of Children was classified two concept which is innate and acquirement Aphasia according to production cause. The Aphasia of children has the most close relation with the kidney and heart in the five zang-organ.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.39-48
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• 2010

This study is to analyze the space plan and design charateristic of the Gungiip(宮家) built on near the 1770 in Namyangju. It has been called Gungjip since it was constructed from the timber and by carpenters sent of the government. It has a great scientic value because it is the best house constructed by carpenters of the royal palace. It help to know prototype of their excellent design skill. that is skill of work upon of colum, curvatere of ridge in roof, trust the eaves. This paper shows that this house has a different scale and form from other houses. In addition, Anchae was built with the aim of making the most use of sunlight and securing its best convenience. Sarangchae aims at serving as a cultural space for its neighbor. The house seems to reflect the carpenter' architectural viewpoints, and its building style shows its contempory people's life style. In conclusion, we can say that the techenial charateristics of its design result from the correlectin of colum(Ki-Sot-Um and An-Sol-Lim), curvatere of ridge in roof(Ma-Ru-Gock), and trust the eaves(Ang-Goak and An-Hu-Ri).

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.15 no.2 s.28
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• pp.132-142
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• 1994

Paraquat has been widely used as a herbicide in Korea since 1970. Human ingestion results in transient impairment of liver and kidney function and a characteristically respiratory failure with a high mortality rate. Clinical investigation and Oriental Medical Treatment were done on 3 cases of paraquat poisoning admitted to the department of 1st Internal Medicine. Kyung San University Oriental Medical Hospital from August 1991 to December 1992. and following results were obtained. The symptoms of paraquat poisoning can be regarded as Sim hua chi song(心火熾盛), Kan hua sang yom(肝火上炎). um hu hua wang(陰虛火旺), Kan tam sup yol(肝膽濕熱), Yang myong yol tok(陽明熱毒) in Oriental Medicine. and the principle of treatment for paraquat poisoning can be applicable to Chong yol Ii sop(淸熱利濕), Chong yol hae tok(淸熱解毒). Sa ha hae tok(瀉下解毒). Ja um kang hua(滋陰降火) and so on. Three cases were treated by HuangYonHaeTokTang(黃蓮解毒湯) and KamDuTang(甘豆湯): all of them have survived without complications. According to the result above, it suggests that determination of treatment based on the differentiation of symptoms and signs(Pyon jung si chi ;辨證施治) of Oriental Medicine may prove to be helpful in saving lives of patients with paraquat poisoning.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2010.02a
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• pp.408-408
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• 2010

현재 AC-PDP에서는 이온 sputtering 으로부터 유전층을 보호하기 위하여 유전체 위에 MgO 박막을 증착하여 사용하고 있으며 MgO 박막은 높은 2차 전자 방출 계수와 내 sputtering 특성을 가지고 있다. MgO 박막은 증착 조건에 따라 각각 다른 방전특성을 가지는 것으로 널리 알려져 있어 본 실험에서는 MgO 박막을 증착하는데 사용하는 pellet의 크기를 변화시켜가면서 MgO박막을 증착하여 그에 따른 방전특성을 고찰해 보았다. 각각의 MgO pellet의 크기는 1.5, 0.5 mm 와 60 um이며, 기존의 MgO pellet의 크기는 6 mm 이다. MgO pellet 을 E-beam evaporation 방법으로 증착하여 최적화된 test panel을 제작하였다. 제작된 test panel의 방전 전압 특성을 측정하였으며, 실험 결과 AC-PDP의 면방전 구동 시 MgO pellet의 크기가 작아짐에 따라 방전 개시 전압과 방전 유지 전압이 약 11 %, 16 % 감소하였다. 그러나 MgO pellet의 크기가 60 um 경우의 방전 개시 전압은 MgO pellet의 크기가 0.5 경우의 방전 개시 전압과 차이가 없었다. 이는 MgO 증착시에 사용되는 pellet은 적정의 크기가 있는 것으로 보인다.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.418-421
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• 2005

Three-dimensional (3D) microfabrication process using two-photon polymerization (TPP) is developed to fabricate the curved microstructures in a layer, which can be applied potentially to optical MEMS, nano/micro-devices, etc. A 3D curved structure can be expressed using the same height-contours that are defined by symbolic colors which consist of 14 colors. Then, the designed bitmap figure is transformed into a multi-exposure voxel matrix (MVM). In this work a multi-exposure voxel matrix scanning method is used to generate various heights of voxels according to each laser exposure time that is assigned to the symbolic colors. An objective lens with a numerical aperture of 1.25 is employed to enlarge the variation of a voxel height in the range of 1.2 to 6.4 um which can be controlled easily using the various exposure time. Though this work some 3D curved micro-shapes are fabricated directly to demonstrate the usefulness of the process without a laminating process that is generally required in a micro-stereolithography process.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.421-427
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• 2009

We successfully fabricated 4.7-inch organic thin film transistors array with $640{\times}480$ pixels on flexible substrate. All the processes were done by photolithography, spin coating and ink-jet printing. The OTFT-Electrophoretic (EP) pixel structure, based on a top gate OTFT, was fabricated. The mobility, ON/OFF ratio, subthreshold swing and threshold voltage of OTFT on flexible substrate are: 0.01 ^2/V-s, 1.3 V/dec, 10E5 and -3.5 V. After laminated the EP media on OTFT array, a panel of 4.7-inch $640{\times}480$ OTFT-EPD was fabricated. All of process temperature in OTFT-EPD is lower than $150^{\circ}C$. The pixel size in our panel is $150{\mu}m{\times}150{\mu}m$, and the aperture ratio is 50 %. The OTFT channel length and width is 20 um and 200um, respectively. We also used OTFT to drive EP media successfully. The operation voltages that are used on the gate bias are -30 V during the row data selection and the gate bias are 0 V during the row data hold time. The data voltages that are used on the source bias are -20 V, 0 V, and 20 V during display media operation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2013.02a
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• pp.677-677
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• 2013

최근 석유에너지의 고갈과 휴대용 전자기기의 사용의 증가로 고효율의 배터리의 개발이 요구되고 있다. 생체칩에서 부터 전기자동차, 에너지 저장체까지 광범위한 산업군에 걸처 배터리의 개발이 되고 있어 시장규모의 계속적인 성장이 있을 것으로 전망하고 있다. 현재 상용되고 있는 음극 재료는 카본재료(이론 용량 372 mAh/g)이다. 이 카본재료의 특징은 값이 싸고, 표준 환원전위가 낮아 비교적 높은 전압을 낼 수 있다. 그러나 낮은 에너지밀도를 갖으므로 높은 에너지를 필요로 하는 차세대 산업군인 전기자동차 등에는 적합하지 않은 것으로 평가되고 있다. 그래서 더 높은 에너지 밀도를 갖는 다른 재료들에 대한 연구들이 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 음극 재료로서 주석을 선택해서 연구를 하였다. 카본계열의 음극재료의 질량당 이론 에너지 밀도는 372 mAh/g임에 반해 주석같은 경우는 약 991 mAh/g 정도의 비교적 큰 이론용량을 갖고 있다. 하지만, 주석 등 금속, 혹은 금속 합금을 음극재료로 사용할 경우 많은 양의 리튬이 삽입/탈착되면서 약 300% 이상의 부피변화가 있게 된다. 그러한 과정에서 주석이 분쇄되어 떨어지거나 전자를 제공받는 집전체로부터 떨어지게 되고, 이 과정에서 심각한 에너지 밀도의 손실이 일어나게 된다. 이러한 문제점들을 극복하기 위해 다음과 같은 구조들을 고안하여 도금 공정을 사용하여 음극재료를 제작하여 실험을 진행하게 되었다. 도금법은 대면적을 싼 가격으로 할 수 있으며 원하는 두께 및 모폴로지까지 쉽게 조절할 수 있다. 부피팽창에 의한 스트레스를 최소화하기 위해 도금법을 사용하여 나노구조를 만들어 그에 따른 전기화학적 특성 변화를 측정하였다. 다공성 필름인 AAO 디스크의 한 면에 구리를 sputtering 공정을 사용하여 0.5 um 두께의 seed layer 구리 박막을 형성하고 형성된 구리 박막 위에 도금공정을 이용하여 두껍게 구리를 증착함으로 구리 음극 집전체를 형성한다. 그 후 AAO 구조 안에 주석을 도금하면 AAO의 구조를 따라 주석 나노와이어가 형성이 된다. 마지막으로 NaOH로 AAO를 제거해주면 직경 200 nm, 길이 2 um 정도의 주석 나노와이어를 구리 집전체위에 만들 수 있었다. 배터리의 용량을 측정한 결과 안정한 싸이클 특성과 약 400 mAh/g의 에너지 밀도를 갖는 것으로 나타났다.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.121-141
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• 2011

Objective : This Experimental study was done to investigate the Effect of Taklisodok-um and Hwangryunhaedok-tang(TH) on Atopic Dermatitis. Methods : We assessed effects of TH on the IgE, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IgM, IgG1, IFN-${\gamma}$ in vivo, on the IL-4, IL-5, CCR3 in the skin tissues of ear and dorsum with NC/Nga mice. And we assessed effects of TH on the COX-2, IL-$1{\beta}$, TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6 with RAW 264.7 cell. Results and Conclusion : 1. IgE, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IgM, IgGl levels in the serum of TH treated NC/Nga mouse group were decreased compared to the untreated control mice. IFN-r showed a increase in the experimental group compared to the untreated control group. The spleen weight of TH treated NC/Nga mice was decreased compared to the untreated control group. 2. mRNA expression levels of IL-4, IL-5 and CCR3 in the skin tissues of TH treated NC/Nga mice were decreased, and expression levels of IL-6 in the skin tissues of TH treated NC/Nga mice were decreased compared to the untreated control group. IFN-${\gamma}$ mRNA expression levels were increased compared to the untreated control group. 3. Judged from that IL-$1{\beta}$, TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6 express of gene, effect of inflammatory Cytokines revelation were decreased compared to the untreated control group. 4. Depend on the strength of TH, inflammatory RAW 264.7 in the serum of TH were inhibited compared to the untreated control serum that leaded a COX-2 activity model. 5. Histological observation of the ear and skin tissues showed that the extents of inflammation and infiltrated immune cells in the epidermis and dermis of TH treated NC/Nga mice were highly reduced compared to the untreated control group.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.9
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• pp.3043-3047
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• 2012

To investigate the scattering layer effect of a $TiO_2$ multilayer in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), we designed a new DSSC system, assembled with a CdS-$TiO_2$ scattering layer electrode. A high-magnification SEM image exhibited hollyhock-like particles with a width of 1.5-2.0 ${\mu}m$ that were aggregated into 10-nm clumps in a hexagonal petal shape. The efficiency was higher in the DSSC assembled with a CdS-$TiO_2$ scattering layer than in the DSSC assembled with $TiO_2$-only layers, due to the decreased resistance in electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The short-circuit current density ($J_{sc}$) was increased by approximately 7.26% and the open-circuit voltage ($V_{oc}$) by 2.44% over the 1.0 wt % CdS-$TiO_2$ composite scattering layer and the incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) in the maximum peak was also enhanced by about 5.0%, compared to the DSSC assembled without the CdS-$TiO_2$scattering layer.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.537-550
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• 1998

Purpose ; This Investigation was aimed to find out the Acupuncture therapy of verbal disturbance after stroke in Oriental Medicine. Methods ; We surveyed the oriental medical books which are from to recent published books that have articles about verbal disturbance. Results ; It is used on Acupuncture points: Yomchon(CV23), Amun(GV15), Chondol(CV22), Tongni(HT5), Pungnyung(ST40), Pungbu(GV16), Crugu(TE6), Yongchon(KI1), Hapkok(LI4), Paekoe(GV20), Kokchi(LI11), Puryu(KI7), Shinsu(BL23), Kumjin-okaek, Chohae(KI6). Conclusions ; The concept of phonation organ in Neiching is same as that of modern physiology. Verbal disturbance includes aphasia, dysarthrosis, aphonia, etc. The acupuncture treatment of verbal disturbance after stroke could be effective. Verbal disturbance of central nervous disease is relative with Sul-um(舌?) and that of periperal nervous disease is relative with Hu-um(侯?) in oriental medicine. From the above research, we could conclude that the acupuncture therapy on verbal disturbance should start from finding out the proper acu-points and theories in ancient oriental books and recent books and we will apply those acu-points and theories in clinic. We also concluded that the more research on clinical part should be performed.