• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.1-14
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• 2004

Visualization of documents will help users when they do search similar documents. and all research in information retrieval addresses itself to the problem of a user with an information need facing a data source containing an acceptable solution to that need. In various contexts. adequate solutions to this problem have included alphabetized cubbyholes housing papyrus rolls. microfilm registers. card catalogs and inverted files coded onto discs. Many information retrieval systems rely on the use of a document surrogate. Though they might be surprise to discover it. nearly every information seeker uses an array of document surrogates. Summaries. tables of contents. abstracts. reviews, and MARC recordsthese are all document surrogates. That is, they stand infor a document allowing a user to make some decision regarding it. whether to retrieve a book from the stacks, whether to read an entire article, etc. In this paper another type of document surrogate is investigated using a grouping method of term list. lising Multidimensional Scaling Method (MDS) those surrogates are visualized on two-dimensional graph. The distances between dots on the two-dimensional graph can be represented as the similarity of the documents. More close the distance. more similar the documents.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.71-95
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• 2020

In Gyeonggi-do(province), where the largest number of small libraries are located in Korea, 42% of small libraries are located in apartment complexes. However, as libraries established under legal obligations are managed and operated on voluntary will, there have been numerous ongoing cases of temporary closure or permanent shut down. To revitalize small libraries in apartment complexes, it is reasonable to seek ways to revitalize them through the role of the central point of the village community in the complex. To that end, this study surveyed the current status of small libraries in Gyeonggi-do, a survey of small library operators and related persons in apartment housing complexes and similar residential communities in Gyeonggi-do and 31 cities and counties. Based on this, this study was intended to derive practical measures to revitalize the operation and preservation of small libraries in such residential communities. Four goals were set to improve community awareness of small libraries, cultivate self-operating abilities, improve laws and systems, and strengthen support for local governments. Research needs to be carried out not only for small libraries in apartment complexes in Gyeonggi-do but also for the continued development of other small private libraries.

• Korean Business Review
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.1-21
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to analysis of the policy and problems of the capital gain tax. So this study identified the problems in the tax system and the method, suggested some ideas that can be useful for reforming the current capital gain tax system. The followings are the concise of some ideas. First, government should adopt the housing market stabilization policy in the long-term period, not in the short-term period which depend on the financial market and the part of home supply. Second, determining the capital gains tax should be transferred to actual market prices system rather than based on the standard assessed prices by government through the nations. By doing so, the desired principles of taxation come true such as principle of taxation on economic substance, principle of taxation on solid foundation and principle of taxation on tax paying ability. Third, transaction taxes should be minimized in the aborting the property speculations and the stabilizing the actual market prices. Fourth, the system of non tax to the owners of 'one family, one house' should be excluded to the tune of principle of tax equity. By doing so, tax payers could be induced to pay taxes on a timely basis not commit to wrong doings. In conclusion, anti-speculation policy should be progressed in such a comprehensive and sustained way as to wipe out the psychology of expectation about the transfer gain's incomes.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.379-387
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• 2016

In this study, a survey was conducted on the required measurement and waterproofing performance for residential building underground structure leakage prevention system. According to the results of the survey, it has been determined that leakage problem is considered to be quite severe, and many respondents have agreed. The legal guidelines and regulation systems do not reflect properly on the environmental requirements or conditions, resulting in continued leakage problem. In regards to this, a standardized waterproofing technique that can be used in underground areas of residential structures is required as an obligation and the development of high performance waterproofing method that allows for wet concrete surface adhesion and a guideline, design and maintenance method that allows the control of overall situational control of leakage is required.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.19-39
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to explore the main characteristics regarding of implicating competence-based curriculum in Finland's home economics curriculum by analyzing curriculum documents and related literature. The research findings are categorized into four main characteristics. First, home economics in Finland belongs to the 7-9 grades. The key content areas are composed of 'food knowledge & skills and food culture', 'housing & living together' and 'consumer & financial skills' at an integrated approach. Secondly, the subject competences of home economics are not presented; however, the general objectives of transversal competences are defined in Finland's curriculum document. Transversal competences describe the aspects of the objectives that are emphasized in grades 7-9 and strengthens the connectivity with each subject. Thirdly, the objectives of home economics included in the instructions in Finland consist of a content system that links learning skills, content areas, and transversal competences. Both learning skills as a role of subject competences and content areas as objectives support teachers who restructure an curriculum. Fourth, in terms of achieving subject objectives, the assessment criteria in Finland home economics is to evaluate the achievement of good knowledge and skills through actual performance. Based on the research findings, the main features of the revised curriculum in Finland include encouragement of flexibility in education systems and learner's uniqueness in schools. If the implementation of subject competences in home economics is to be strengthened, it is necessary to intergrate the knowledge and competence, require a curriculum system for implements' subject competence, carryout assessment as learning to learn, and facilitate school community and teacher community for deeper co-operation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.10-16
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• 2013

Korean housing developers are in a very competitive market and their way of attracting buyers is landscaping better than competing firms do. Thus, transplanting larger pine trees(Pinus densiflora S. et. Z.) is in vogue. A typical case is a pine tree about 30-year old, 35 diameters at breast height, transplanted 223 km afar from the Gangwon Province to Seoul. We estimated and compared carbon emissions during the whole transplanting works, and carbon intake by the tree if it survives 50 more years on site. Findings are; first, a large tree will take up and sequestrate approximately 90 kgC if it survives 50 more years. Second, transplanting works emit approximately 113.69 kgC, which is about 1.26 times of its possible future intake of carbon. Landscaping is a legal requirement for the purposes not only of aesthetics but also of environmental quality. Transplanting larger trees that came from a dam or a road building site may be inevitable and acceptable. However, transplanting larger trees long distance was evaluated to be harmful to the environment. It is strongly recommended to prohibit transplanting large trees. Landscape professionals need to guide clients to have desirable consumer attitude.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.1176-1187
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• 2014

In Contemporary residential area, especially apartment commplex, crime affect the quality of life and sustainability of cities. So our interest is an all-time high in the role that planning processes and the design of the physical environment can play in reducing the opportunity for crime. The purpose of this study try to find the possibility of application of CPTED in Urban Apartment Complex. Recently, as increase of residencial density, diverse and new types of crime are increasing in urban apartment complex. It is the current of times which demand our serious consideration. This research focused on crime reduction through the physical environmental control methods. And the concepts and contents of CPTED are studied and the case studies of developed countries are surveyed. For groping in the practical application, researched into the case study of apartment blocks in medium sized city, Cheongju. Also Local crime prevention initiatives require partnership working, both between professionals and with local communities. The result of this study has implicated, increasing importance on daily safety issue in urban life and examining the possibility of applying crime prevention and reduction program and systems.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.516-524
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the cases related to the multi-dimensional urban planning and its related systems that can contribute to the urban regeneration as the policies and projects for stereoscopic city increase. Through the case analysis, urban regeneration function and role of multi-dimensional urban planning are identified as connection of places, activation of local economy, expansion of infrastructure and supply of housing. In the institutional sector, private participation is hindered due to the ban on the establishment of the right to hold state property. In addition, it is difficult to utilize the three-dimensional urban space without land securing at a certain rate based on uniform installation standards of the two-dimensional land use plan, and the problem of insufficient interconnection between law and institution is derived. In conclusion, it should actively support and promote the promotion of the three-dimensional facility with the aim of diversifying the regional infrastructure structure and strengthening the urban function. In addition, development of stereoscopic and compound development should be promoted for old urban areas, and parking lots, underground shopping malls, parking lots, etc. should be installed using the subspaces of parks, schools, roads and traditional markets of old residential areas. Finally, cooperation between the central government, the municipalities and the private sector is necessary for the realization of these urban regeneration projects.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.367-376
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• 2022

LID technologies are capable of mitigating the negative impacts of non-point source (NPS) pollution generated in different land uses. Apart from the increase in point and non-point pollutant generation, highly developed and paved areas generally affect microclimate conditions. This study evaluated both the efficiency of Low Impact Development (LID) facilities in treating NPS pollutant loads as well as the unit pollutant loads (UPL) generated in various urban features (such as parking lots and highways). This investigation also looked at how LID technology helped to alleviate Urban Heat Island (UHI) conditions. As compared to the typical unit pollutant loads in South Korea, the unit pollutant loads at Kongju National University were relatively low, because of no classes, limited vehicular transmission, and low anthropogenic activities during vacation. After receiving treatment from the LID facilities, the effluent pollutant loads were significantly decreased. The sedimentation in filtration mechanisms considerably reduced the pollutant fractions in the influent. Additionally, it was shown that LID facilities' mean surface temperatures are up to 7.2℃ lower than the nearby paved environment, demonstrating the LID systems reducing the UHI impact on an urban area.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.81-92
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• 2021

As the aging population of Korean agriculture and rural areas and the decline of the agricultural population are gradually deepening, the influx of population through returning to farming and rural areas is urgently needed. To this end, the most important problems to be solved were the lack of information that would help those who want to return to farming or rural areas when making decisions. Therefore, a survey was conducted for AHP analysis on related experts to find out the information (decision factors) required when selecting a return-to-farm or return-to-country migration area through this study. The AHP analysis showed that "Economic factors" were the most important among the three items in the primary class, while "Housing and land prices", "Metropolitan accessibility and traffic" and "Residential information" were the most important in the secondary class. The results of these studies are reflected in the information system to systematically support the decision-making of those who wish to return to farming or rural areas.It is hoped that it will be indirectly helpful and ultimately contribute to the revitalization and development of Korean agriculture and rural areas, which are aging.