• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.67-76
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• 2012

공공공사의 물가변동률 산정방식은 지수조정과 품목조정 방식이 있으며, 관련법규에서는 품목조정방법을 원칙으로 삼고 있으나 대다수의 건설현장에서는 지수조정의 방법으로 계약금액조정이 이루어지고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 지수조정과 품목조정 방식의 직접적 상호 비교분석을 통해 차이의 정도 및 차이 발생 원인을 규명함으로써 조정방법간 차이에 따른 불균등을 해소하였으며, 각각의 방법에서 발견되어지는 불합리성에 대한 합리적 방안을 제시하였다. 공공주택건설공사의 건축공사를 대상으로 동일공사의 공사원가요소 즉, 직접재료비, 직접노무비, 실적공사비의 지수조정과 품목조정방법에 의한 세부 등락률을 산정하여 두 가지 조정방법간 차이를 분석하고 그 원인을 규명하였다. 분석결과 품목조정의 방법이 분석 전반에서 지수 조정에 비해 등락률이 낮게 산출되었으며, 차이발생의 주요원인으로 견적단가의 등락률 산정방법 상이, 공사종류 및 공사특성과 무관한 지수 적용 등에 기인한 결과로 분석되었다. 본 연구는 계약당사자간 원활한 계약금액조정을 위하여 조정방법간 차이를 직접 대응하여 비교분석하는 방법으로, 실제 발생되는 차이를 실체적으로 증명하였다는 점에 의의가 있다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제9권1호통권17호
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• pp.95-112
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• 1991

This study is planned to provide the basic idea to seek for the appropriate Time Management Strategies and to investigate the Time Management Strategies and household work time of wives. For these research tasks, the data are collected through the questionnaire rand 479 respondents were housewives in seoul. Their data are analyzed using Frequency, ANOVA, Pearson's Correlation Analysis, Simple Regression Analysis, Multiple Regression Analysis. The Major findings of this study were as follows ; 1) There are significant differences in the time management strategies according to housewife's age, education level, and employment status, children's number, the type of housing, the type family, income and sex role attitude. 2) There are significant differences in the household work time according to housewife's age, education level, employment status, family size, children's number, type of housing, income, sex role attitude and time pressure perceptibility. 3) The Household work time is found to be negatively correlated to the Time Management Stategies except the adjustment of leisure and sleep time. 4) The Household work time is significantly related to housewife's employment status and the adjustment of leisure and sleep time.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.117-126
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• 2004

Construction industry is faced with the problems such as the quickly changeable circumstance and increasing construction companies due to regulation mollification of company registration. In order to overcome these problems, new estimation system based on historical estimation cost is ready to introduce by government step by step. But the time of transition for estimation system causes another problems such as chaos addition to simultaneity of a standard of estimation system and new estimation system, lack of related regulation, accumulation of historical extensive cost data, and adjustment methodology when historical estimation data is applied to next projects. The purpose of this study is to suggest the change factors by activities for estimating historical cost for apartment housing projects. New estimation system is based on historical construction data. For application of this system, the standard adjustment methodology system is necessary. and extensive cost data should be accumulated under an unified construction work classification system. Therefore in this study, according to the construction work classification system, every apartment housing project was classified to 16 work classifications, and 7 major composed items which occupy more than 85% of construction costs are analyzed by detailed activities and by average ratio and maximum ratio each of them. In the result of the study, furniture work, foundation work and masonry work are the works which have big gap of costs between average ration and maximum ratio. In addition to suggestion of change factor by work species, 5 qualified construction specialists are interviewed and change factors in 7 major works are analyzed.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.71-80
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• 2017

Korea is facing various social problems including single elderly household, increase in the number of disabled people and poverty rate and a difference in the proportion of males to females between urban areas and rural areas along with the advent of rapid aging society. Especially, the ratio of poor households in rural areas residing in housing which falls below the minimum housing level and most of them are in the dead zone of housing welfare. In addition, if it is impossible for them to move (relocate) to new housing, the house remodeling is the only measure for improving their housing welfare. However, we don't have enough prior relevant academic and practical experience, and house remodeling requires a series of process including prior planning construction and post-occupancy evaluation, but almost no fundamental research that provides relevant insight has been carried out. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to describe all field situations that occur in the whole customized house remodeling process for disabled female senior citizens living alone in a rural area. The remodeling process was classified into initial planning stage, field verification and adjustment stage and construction stage as the method to participate in the field directly, and any change in the remodeling plan and its causes at each stage were analyzed. As a result, some remodeling items were changed from the main viewpoint of participating parties before the beginning of construction and for reasons such as the deterioration level of housing site, limitation in building equipment and rearrangement of housing, etc., and the remodeling method and its details were developed. It was identified that constant change that occurred in the remodeling process resulted from 1) unique poor characteristics of existing housing and 2) physical condition of residents and their unique lifestyle characteristics that were two aspects required to be emphasized by customized remodeling.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2009

Rapid social change affects residential environments and this in turn creates new stimuli to which people have to adapt. These stimuli have been seen to increase stress levels. Therefore, dwellers in these environments try to reduce stress through various methods. The purpose of this paper is to: 1) identify the general trends of coping styles about residential environmental stress, 2) analyze the differences in socio-demographic characteristics and how the physical characteristics of buildings affect stress, find out how personal backgrounds affect stress levels and the ability to get rid of environmental-related stress. The subjects in this study consisted of people living in multi-family housing in Gwangju. The city is divided into 5 districts and used quota sampling. 324 housewives were surveyed from the households by self-administered questionnaires. The survey was conducted in December, 2006, after the questionnaire was revised based on the results of preliminary survey. After all the questionnaires were collected, the data was coded and analyzed using the SPSS 12.0 program. This study confirmed that the manner in which those in multi-family housing coped with stress. Especially, we need a policy which seriously considers residents who are of low social-economic standing. As well as being exposed to residential environmental stress, they also have no means to deal with it. The age of a building had a strong impact on coping styles about residential environmental stress. We have to make special studies about the adaptive reuse of buildings for the reduction of residential environmental stress and to greatly improve coping styles. In conclusion, it emphasized the importance of education, information, and economic aid. Reasonable housing management would surely lead to a rise in residential satisfaction and the promotion of residential welfare.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.149-169
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to examine the environmental characteristics of adolescents in low-income families, identify the high-risk & protective factors among environmental contexts surrounding adolescents, and investigate the relative importance of high-risk & protective factors to adolescents'psychological and behavioral adjustment separately. The present study was the primary research of developing prevention program for adolescents'deviant behaviors in low-income families. Subjects of this study consisted of 176 adolescents drawn from 8 social-welfare institutions in Chungbuk province. The pilot study was done to examine the applicability of survey instrument. Data were analyzed by the frequency, percentage, Pearson correlation, stepwise regression using SPSS/WIN program. The results were as followings: 1. There was statistically correlated with each other in environmental high-risk and protective factors except an housing environment. The results implies that environmental contexts itself surrounding adolescents in low-income families can be either high-risk factors or protective factors. 2. The adolescents in low-income families perceived that stresses from consumer and school environments were high-risk factors among other environmental contexts. 3. The adolescents in low-income families perceived that resources from friend and school were protective factors among other environmental contexts. 4. The stresses from friend and eating behaviors were significant factors predicting adolescents'relative psychological adjustment. However, the behavioral adjustment was not predicted by environmental contexts. 5. The resources from school, consumer, and eating behaviors were significant factors predicting adolescents'relative psychological adjustment. Also, the resources from school, eating behavior, and family were predictors of behavioral adjustment. This research implies that the findings can be based on the development of prevention program for adolescents deviant behaviors in low-income families.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.574-586
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• 2019

본 연구는 재한외국인의 주거실태와 주거만족도를 조사하고 이들의 주거만족도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 서울 및 경기도에 거주하는 재한외국인을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며 총 132부의 설문을 최종 분석에 사용하였다. 분석 결과 응답자들은 대부분 중국국적으로 평균연령은 45.7세였다. 주택소유형태는 90% 이상이 차가였으며, 주택유형은 단독주택이 가장 많았다. 전반적인 주거만족도 점수는 3.43점으로 보통 이상이었으나 주차공간과 노후도, 공간구성에 대한 만족도가 가장 낮았다. 주거만족도 변수에 대한 요인분석 결과 '공간계획 및 구성,' '시설설비,' '생활편의시설,' '생활환경,' '주거비부담'과 관련된 5개 요인이 도출되었다. 이들 5개 요인이 주거만족도에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위한 중회귀분석 결과 '공간계획 및 구성'과 관련된 요인의 영향이 가장 큰 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.27-37
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• 2019

This study focused on the possibility of reducing the cooling load through the change of micro climate in the outdoor space during summer season. This study proposes an efficient planning model by comparing the effects of urban heat island mitigation through wind path planning, outdoor space vegetation, and exterior material change by using the basic model of the street-oriented block housing proposed in the previous research by the same author. As a result, the most effective wind path planning strategy in the street-oriented block housing was the change of the air flow through the mass height adjustment. When the tall building masses were staggered and arranged in a balanced manner, the overall wind environment could be improved. The greater the height difference between low and high masses, the better the air flow was shown. It was also important to arrange the building masses so that the inlet of the main wind was open and to allow the external space to connect to the adjacent block to create a continuous flow. The change of outdoor space vegetation and flooring, and the formation of wind paths through the opening of lower part also showed the effect of heat island reduction. In addition, the change of PMV in summer was the biggest influence of shadow by tall building mass. Attention should be paid to the fact that high-albedo exterior materials are adversely affected by multiple reflections in dense street-oriented block housing. The use of albedo of the exterior material showed that it is necessary to pay attention to apply in the high density block housing. This is attributed to the rise of the temperature due to the absorption of energy into the low-albedo flooring, where the high-albedo exterior causes multiple reflections.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.15-27
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• 1999

This study investigated characteristics of H.T.P test responses according to home environment variables. The subjects were 183 children in the fifth grade at an elementary school in Taejon. SAS was utilized in order to analyze data using x2 technique. The result of the study were as follows. The more home environment stimuli the children were provided by parents, the more stable in emotion they were. Especially four out of six home environment variables were found significant in helping children become emotionally stable, confident, well-adjusted, and high in achievement. These four variables were language stimulus, social maturity educational resources, and housing environment. It is concluded that children used to be provided with good home environment including language stimulus, social maturity, educational resource, housing environment, and plenty of family activities in order to become emotionally stable, confident, high in achievement, and adjustment.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.171-180
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to provide an instrument of architectural programming in dwelling and facilities design for the mentally retarded. To do this the normal daily life activities have been analyzed and find the living characteristics who live in mental rehabilitation facilities. Generally, mentally retarded people have below IQ.75, and their normal daily life and social adjustment have some problem. Additionally, multiple disability existence and the difference of disability level have great difference in their living activities depend on person. For this research, People who live in 4 rehabilitation facilities in Daegu, Kyungbuk were investigated. It is particularly necessally space organization for sever retardation and multiple disability children, mild or moderate retardation children and adults to analyze their behavior of moving, stool, meal, and living in a group.