• 제목/요약/키워드: Household food waste

검색결과 36건 처리시간 0.038초

음식물쓰레기 탈수액의 혐기성 생분해 특성 (Characteristics of Anaerobic Degradation on Dewatered Liquid of Household Food Waste.)

  • 김우성;서정윤;이영형
    • 한국환경농학회지
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    • 제17권3호
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    • pp.234-238
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    • 1998
  • Anaerobic degradation characteristics of dewatered liquid of household food waste including methane conversion efficiency and degradation kinetics were studied in an anaerobic batch reactor of 5 L volume. The ultimate methane production for dewatered liquid of household food waste tested was over 0.31L $CH_4/L{\cdot}dewatered$ liquid of household food waste. The kinetic constant of dewatered liquid of household food waste tested was $0.223d^{-1}/L$. The kinetic behavior of anaerobic degradation was described as a first order series reaction. The determinant of rate-limiting step(DR) that is balanced out from the rates of reaction steps was defined by the logarithmic difference of the maximum acidification rate and the maximum methanation rate. Anaerobic degradation characteristics of organic materials were evaluated by the value of DR. The DR of dewatered liquid of household food waste tested was 1.17.

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Accounting for the Water Footprint Impact of Food Waste within Korean Households

  • Adelodun, Bashir;Kim, Sang Hyun;Choi, Kyung Sook
    • 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국수자원학회 2020년도 학술발표회
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    • pp.119-119
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    • 2020
  • Globally, the demand for food and water resources are increasing rapidly with the growing concerns of meeting the projected population upsurge, specifically by 2050. The global population is projected to hit 9.8 billion in 2050 while the food demand is expected to increase by 77% from the 2007 base year. Moreover, the already scarce water resources, especially in the food-producing regions, expected to be significantly affected as food production already accounts for over 70% of the global water resources. However, the estimated food demand encapsulated the actual demand for both human consumption and animal feed in addition to the exuberant food waste at the consumption stage of the supply chain, notably in the developed countries. Managing the food consumption demand and food waste can have across-the-board benefits on water resources and other associated food production impacts. This study assessed the water-saving potentials through food waste in Korean households using the food waste data obtained from the direct weighing analysis. The household food waste collection and characterization were carried out during the summer (July), fall (September), and winter (December) seasons of 2019. The water footprint related to the food waste within Korean households was based on the water footprint concept, i.e. indirect water use. The results of our estimation showed that an average Korean household wasted 6.15 ± 4.36 kg daily, amounting to 12.53 ± 11.10 m3 of water resources associated with the waste. On the per capita basis, an average of 0.024 ± 0.017 kg/capita/day of food was wasted resulting to 0.049 ± 0.044 m3/capital/day of water resources wasted. The food waste types that accounted for the principal share in the water footprint were beef, soybean, rice and pork with values 30.7, 10.1, 9.6, and 7.5%, respectively. Considering that the production of meat and meat products are water intensive and the agricultural water use in Korea is largely for rice production, addressing the food waste of these two important agricultural products can be a hotspot for water saving potential in the country. This study therefore provides an insight to addressing the water scarcity in the country through reducing household food waste.

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Water-Environment-Economic nexus analysis of household food waste impacts: A case study of Korean households

  • Adelodun, Bashir;Cho, Gun Ho;Kim, Sang Hyun;Odey, Golden;Choi, Kyung Sook
    • 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국수자원학회 2021년도 학술발표회
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    • pp.148-149
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    • 2021
  • Food waste has increasingly become a global issue of concern among the researchers and policymakers due to its significant environmental and economic impacts, and other associated unsustainable use of resources, including water resources. While food wastage occurs at each stage of the supply chain with food loss at the upstream and food waste at the downstream, the impacts of food waste occurring at the consumption side are enormous due to the accumulated added values. In this study, the embedded water resources, greenhouse gas emissions, and economic loss of household food waste were investigated. The primary granular data of household food waste was collected through direct sampling from 218 selected households of the Buk-gu community in Daegu, South Korea from July 2019 to May 2020. The water footprint, which was based on the water footprint concept, i.e., indirect water use, and GHG emission potential factor for each of the food items were adopted from the literature, while the retail prices and disposal cost were used to assess the economic cost of wasted food items. The water footprint, GHG emission associated with environmental impacts, and the economic cost of 42 major identified wasted food items were conducted. The findings showed that an average of 0.73 ± 0.06 kg/household/day edible food waste was generated among the sampled households, with leafy vegetable, watermelon, and rice responsible for 10, 9, and 4%, respectively, of the total weight of the 42 food wasted items. The water footprint and environmental impact of the household food waste resulted in 0.46 ± 0.04 m3 and 0.71±0.05 kg CO2eq, respectively. Beef, pork, poultry, and rice accounted for 52, 9, 5, and 4% of the total water footprint, while beef, pork, rice, tofu/cheese had 52, 8, 6, and 6% of the total emissions, respectively, embedded in the food wasted. Furthermore, the average estimated economic cost associated with wasted food items was 3855.93±527.27 Korean won, with beef, fish, and leafy vegetable responsible for 21, 13, and 10%, respectively, of the total economic cost. A combined assessment using water-environmental-economic nexus indicated that animal-based food had the highest footprint impacts, with beef, pork, and poultry indicating high indices of 0.3, 0.08, and 0.06 respectively, on a scale of 0 to 1, compared to corn and lettuce with lowest impacts of 0.02. Other food items had moderate impact values ranging from 0.03 to 0.05. This study, therefore, provides insight into the enormity of environmental and economic implications of household food waste among Korean households.

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음식쓰레기 퇴비화과정 중 중금속함량 변화 (Heavy Metal Contents of Compost from Household Food Waste)

  • 서정윤
    • 유기물자원화
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    • 제4권1호
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    • pp.23-31
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    • 1996
  • 가정에서 분리수거한 쓰레기와 혼합쓰레기 및 퇴비화 과정중에 있는 쓰레기의 중금속 농도를 측정하였다. 카드뮴의 농도는 봄철에 8 mg/kg 쓰레기, 겨울철에 13 mg/kg 쓰레기였다. 중금속의 농도는 월별로 큰 차이를 보였으며 1월과 2월, 4월, 5월에는 카드뮴의 함량이 부산물 퇴비의 기준인 5 mg/kg 쓰레기의 농도를 초과하였다. 가정쓰레기가 혼합되기 전 분리수거된 음식쓰레기의 퇴비화 과정중에 카드뮴의 함량을 측정한 바, 봄철과 겨울철에 부산물 퇴비화의 기준치를 초과하였다. 분리수거된 가정쓰레기에 수분조절제로 첨가된 석탄회는 퇴비중의 중금속 함량을 낮추는 효과가 있었다. 소형 퇴비화 용기에서 1개월 퇴비화한 음식쓰레기를 야외에서 야적하여 숙성시켰는데, 이 기간동안에 중금속의 축적은 일어나지 않았다.

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레스토랑 음식물 쓰레기 감량 방안에 관한 연구 -Y시티 저감 활동 프로그램을 중심으로- (Study for Plans to Reduce Restaurant Food Waste at Source Based on an Example of Reduction Operation -Y-city's Reform Team of Reduction-)

  • 나영선;서민석
    • 한국조리학회지
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    • 제11권3호
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    • pp.121-137
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    • 2005
  • Today's rapid industrialization and population concentration in cities lead to a vast economic growth, and consequently, people's increased desire of spending demands abundant and diverse food. As a result in Korea, annual food waste is 4.1 million tons (24.6% of household waste) and daily food waste amount to 11,397 tons which is equivalent to 1,400 loads of 8-ton truck. It is best to recycle toed waste as manure, forage, and fuel than reclamation but separate collection of food waste is very difficult by reason of water content. So only a little portion of food waste from large-scaled restaurants and cafeterias that handle food waste relatively well. requirement for recycling food wastes into forage and manure needless to say, reduction activity is best way. Therefore, large-scaled restaurants and cafeterias need to seek plans to minimize food resource waste thus reducing the cost and waste processing cost by implementing appropriate reduction program.

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음식 배달 및 1인 가구가 생활 폐기물 발생량에 미치는 영향: 코로나-19 시기를 중심으로 (The Effects of Food Delivery and Single-Person Household on Municipal Solid Waste Generation: Focus on the COVID-19 Period)

  • 김형건
    • 아태비즈니스연구
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    • 제13권3호
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    • pp.389-400
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    • 2022
  • Purpose - This study empirically analyzes the effects of food delivery service use frequency and the proportion of single-person households on the generation of MSW (Municipal Solid Waste). Additionally, the study analyzes MSW increase during the COVID-19 period. Design/methodology/approach - The study uses annual information on MSW and related characteristics of 228 Si, Gun, and Gu, which are administrative districts of Korea, from 2015 to 2020. Panel fixed effect model is employed for estimations. Findings - The study finds that food delivery and single-person household have significant effects only on recyclable and standard garbage bag MSW, respectively, not on all produce types of MSW. Additionally, it is estimated that, during the COVID-19 period, the increasing effect of food delivery is intensified while single-person households diminish its increasing effect. Lastly, the study confirms that the marginal effect on the increasing effect of MSW generation by the number of household members. Research implications or Originality - The estimated results are expected to provide useful information for the related policies. In particular, it is necessary to focus more on recyclable MSW concerning the developing delivery culture, and regarding changes in the family structure, focus more on the number of household members than single-person households.

가정에서 발생한 서로 다른 종류의 음식물 쓰레기가 줄지렁이(Eisenia fetida)개체군의 섭식 및 생장에 미치는 영향 (The Effects of different food-wastes of household on the feeding rate and growth rate of Eisenia fetida(Annelida: Oligochaeta) population)

  • 박광일;배윤환
    • 유기물자원화
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    • 제21권1호
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    • pp.85-93
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    • 2013
  • 국내의 4인 가족 가정의 음식물 쓰레기 발생량을 염분이 가미된 것과 염분이 가미되지 않은 것으로 구분하여 조사하였고, 음식물 쓰레기를 염분이 가미되지 않은 채소류, 곡류, 과일류, 염분이 가미된 음식물 쓰레기로 구분하여 줄지렁이에게 공급하면서 지렁이의 섭식량 및 증식률을 조사하였다. 음식물 쓰레기량은 1가정 1주당 3,200 g(1인당 1일 0.114 kg)이었고, 그 중 염분이 가미되지 않은 것은 전체의 53.9%인 1,723.8 g 으로 나타났다. 함수율 70%를 가정하였을 때 채소류, 곡류, 과일류의 염도는 각각 0.60, 036, 0.33%이었고, 염분이 가미된 음식물 쓰레기의 염도는 0.78%이었다. 채소류, 과일류에서는 지렁이의 섭식은 잘 이루어졌으나 증체율이 낮았고, 곡류에서는 상대적으로 섭식량은 낮았지만 증체율이 높았다. 함수율 70%인 먹이의 염도가 0.6% 이상인 경우에는 지렁이의 섭식과 생장이 현저하게 둔화하였고, 0.3%인 경우에는 섭식은 정상적으로 이루어졌으나 생장이 약간 저해되었다. 따라서 염분이 가미된 음식물 쓰레기는 전처리과정 없이는 지렁이 처리가 불가능하며, 염분이 가미되지 않은 음식물 쓰레기는 지렁이 처리가 용이한 것으로 나타났다.

Municipal waste classification system design based on Faster-RCNN and YoloV4 mixed model

  • Liu, Gan;Lee, Sang-Hyun
    • International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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    • 제9권3호
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    • pp.305-314
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    • 2021
  • Currently, due to COVID-19, household waste has a lot of impact on the environment due to packaging of food delivery. In this paper, we design and implement Faster-RCNN, SSD, and YOLOv4 models for municipal waste detection and classification. The data set explores two types of plastics, which account for a large proportion of household waste, and the types of aluminum cans. To classify the plastic type and the aluminum can type, 1,083 aluminum can types and 1,003 plastic types were studied. In addition, in order to increase the accuracy, we compare and evaluate the loss value and the accuracy value for the detection of municipal waste classification using Faster-RCNN, SDD, and YoloV4 three models. As a final result of this paper, the average precision value of the SSD model is 99.99%, the average precision value of plastics is 97.65%, and the mAP value is 99.78%, which is the best result.

음식물류 폐기물 자원화 시설 DEA모형을 활용한 경영성과 분석 (Management performance analysis using the DEA model of the food waste recycling facility)

  • 정일선;김영균
    • 한국산업정보학회논문지
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    • 제27권4호
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    • pp.105-114
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    • 2022
  • 국민 소득수준이 향상되고 주택의 도시화 및 경제속도가 빠르게 진행됨에 따라 주거용 생활 폐기물과 음식물류 폐기물이 급격하게 증가하고 있다. 우리나라에서는 1991년 개정된 "폐기물관리법"을 기초로 1995년 생활 폐기물 종량제가 시행되었다. 하지만 시행 이후에도 여전히 음식물류 폐기물의 악취 및 이를 위한 신속한 처리 과정이 사회적 문제로 지속되고 있다. 이러한 이유로 음식 쓰레기 재활용사업이 주목받고 있으며, 음식물류 폐기물의 사료화, 퇴비화, 기타자원화 등 자원 재활용하는 역할에 관하여 본 논문에서는 자원화 과정의 비효율성을 줄이기 위한 음식물류 폐기물 재활용 시(時) 사업장의 경영성과를 향상시킬 요인이 무엇인가에 연구하였으며, 2020년 말 기준 국내 자원 재활용사업을 영위 중인 사업장 394개(공공 238개, 민간 156개) 중(中) 시설물 자료가 미흡한 업체를 제외, 전국 33개 시설 사업장의 투입물과 산출물의 관계를 "자료포락분석"(DEA:Data Envelopment Analysis)을 통해 조사하고, 음식물류 폐기물 시설의 상대적 경영성과에 중요한 역할이 무엇인가에 대하여 연구하였다. 음식물류 폐기물 재활용 사업을 영위 중인 업체의 업력, 시설용량, 자본금, 기계장치가 매출액에 미치는 영향이 무엇인가를 가설로 검증한다.

진공식(眞空式) 쓰레기 파이프라인수송(輸送) System 개발(開發) (The Development of the Waste Pneumatic Transportation System)

  • 박중현;김봉근;권봉기
    • 상하수도학회지
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    • 제10권3호
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    • pp.115-132
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    • 1996
  • The present problems concerning the control of generation, storage, collection, transfer and transport, processing and disposal of the municipal waste are serious. And the transportation of the municipal waste is recently a important part of solid waste treatment and disposal. The waste pneumatic transportation system is expected to be an effective method for use in solving that problems. In this study, pneumatic transportation system was applied to 2,000-5,000 households of public/group housing for economic and technical analysis on the basis of data for working and operation. The proper equipment must be selected through economic and technical analysis for generation and properties of waste because the equipment in facilities of system is various. And the efficient operation method should be studied on the basis of information on the record of oeration. As the wet food waste clogs the pipeline, it is necessary to examine under the actual condition. The maximum unit waste generation rate based on the assumption that each household is comprised of 3.20 people is determined $2,340g/household{\cdot}day$, and it is included the 50% increase of seasonal and daily change.

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