• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
• /
• v.2 no.6
• /
• pp.985-994
• /
• 1995

In this paper, we propose two hot standby architectures which not only provide high system availability but also lose little data on fault occurrence. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed hot standby architectures, the warm standby architecture. In order to evaluate the performance of the propose d hot standby architectures, the warm standby architecture which is made from the hot standby architecture by eliminating its synchronization unit is considered. After system unavailability for each architecture is computed by using the corresponding Markov state diagram, the results are compared and evaluated. As the results, in most cases, hot standby architectures have higher availability than warm standby architecture. Also, hot standby architecture with external synchronization unit always maintains a little higher availability than hot standby architecture with internal synchronization unit. Active set time and personnel recovery rate for each architecture have little effect on system availability. However, in the case that data recovery time is too long, system availabilities of hot standby architectures and warm standby architecture degrade rapidly. In this case, the performance degradation of hot standby architectures is severe, and system availabilities of hot standby architectures eventually become lower than system availability of warm standby architecture.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
• /
• v.56 no.9
• /
• pp.1589-1595
• /
• 2007

This paper suggests the advanced reliability assessment tool for railway signaling Hot-Standby sparing system. Existing reliability assessment for Hot-Standby sparing system controller is done by using single module mean failure rate based on approximated Hot standby sparing system function. Although approximated Hot standby sparing system function can be applied to various Hot standby sparing system, however, it is not able to reflect the exact system structure. In this paper, we suggest the advanced reliability function by identifying changeover-related failure factors and common failure mode which is not considered in existing approximated Hot standby sparing system reliability function via developing Hot standby sparing system model for railway signaling and applying FMECA to this model. Also. we compare reliability assessment results for model system to reliability assessment for existing system.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.54 no.8
• /
• pp.2840-2851
• /
• 2022

Electric boilers (EBs) are the backup steam source for the auxiliary steam system of high-temperature gas-cooled reactor nuclear power plants. When the plant is in normal operations, the EB is always in hot standby status. However, the current hot standby operation strategy has problems of slow response, high power consumption, and long operation time. To solve these problems, this study focuses on the optimization of hot standby operations for the EB system. First, mathematical models of an electrode immersion EB and its accompanying deaerator were established. Then, a control simulation platform of the EB system was developed in MATLAB/Simulink implementing the established mathematical models and corresponding control systems. Finally, two optimization strategies for the EB hot standby operation were proposed, followed by dynamic simulations of the EB system transient from hot standby to normal operations. The results indicate that the proposed optimization strategies can significantly speed up the transient response of the EB system from hot standby to normal operations and reduce the power consumption in hot standby operations, improving the dynamic performance and economy of the system.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
• /
• v.9 no.6 s.37
• /
• pp.725-731
• /
• 2006

Hot Standby sparing system detecting faults by using software, and being tolerant any faults by using Hardware Redundancy is difficult to perform quantitative reliability prediction and to detect real time faults. Therefore, this paper designs Hot Standby sparing system using hardware basis self checking logic in order to overcome this problem. It also performs failure mode analysis of Hot Standby sparing system with designed self checking logic by using FMEA (Failure Mode Effect Analysis), and identifies reliability assessment of the controller designed by quantifying the numbers of failure development by using FTA (Fault Tree Analysis)

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
• /
• 2010.05a
• /
• pp.330-332
• /
• 2010

이동통신시스템에서 Warm standby sharing에 비하여 Hot standby sharing은 데이터 손실이 없고 오류 데이터가 확산되지 않는 등의 다수의 장점을 갖지만 동기화 문제로 인하여 이를 시스템에 실제로 구현하는 것은 어렵다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 Hot standby sharing에 비하여 기존의 Warm standby sharing이 갖는 동기화의 장점에 데이터 손실 및 거짓 데이터의 확산 문제를 개선할 수 있는 이중화 프로세서에 대한 마코프 모델을 설계하고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.31-39
• /
• 1997

we shall propose some Bayes estimators and some generalized maximum likelihood estimators for reliability of a two-unit hot standby system with perfect switch based upon a complete sample of failure times observed from the exponential model and compare the peformances of the proposed estimators in terms of mean squared error.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
• /
• v.8C no.4
• /
• pp.429-436
• /
• 2001

IMT-2000에서 RNC의 MCP는 호 처리를 담당하는 부분으로, 신뢰도와 실시간성이 요구된다. MCP는 높은 견고성을 갖도록 구현되지만 다소간의 오류 율(Fault late)은 존재할 수밖에 없으므로 프로세서를 이중화하여 활성화된 프로세서가 장애를 일으키더라도 대기중인 프로세서가 연속적인 서비스를 제공할 수 있어야한다. Warm standby sharing에 비하여 Hot standby sharing은 데이터 손실이 없고 오류 데이터가 확산되지 않는 등의 다수의 장점을 갖지만 동기화 문제로 인하여 이를 시스템에 실제로 구현하는 것은 어렵다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 Hot standby sharing에 비하여 기존의 Warm standby sharing이 갖는 동기화의 장점에 데이터 손실 및 거짓 데이터의 확산 문제를 개선함으로서, 실제 구현의 용이성 및 성능 향상이라는 결과를 얻으려 하였다.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
• /
• 2011.10a
• /
• pp.2782-2786
• /
• 2011

In this paper a protocol design for bus network communication between onboard signalling system and MMI(Man Machine Interface) will be presented and illustrated. Recently, many onboard signailling systems adopt hot standby for safety reasons. Hot standby is a method of redundancy in which the primary and secondary systems run simultaneously. It is convenient to use bus network(bus topology) in a hot standby system for communication between onboard signalling system and MMI. Because bus network is the simplest way to connect multiple clients such as onboard signalling system, MMI and etc. However, there are many problems when two clients want to transmit at the same time on the same bus. A effective protocol is necessary to solve that problems. We will describes protocol design which is useful when onboard signalling systems and MMIs are connected via RS485(Bus Network).

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
• /
• 1997.05a
• /
• pp.458-463
• /
• 1997

A transient natural circulation behavior during a LOCA at hot-standby operation is evaluated for YGN Units 3/4. The plant initial condition is determined within the EOP limitation as suitable to hot-standby mode and the transient scenario is prepared as relevant to evaluation of transient natural circulation. A 0.4% cold leg break with loss of off-site power is calculated with RELAP5/MOD3.2, whose predictability has been verified for SBLOCA natural circulation test, S-NC-8B. Through one hour transient analysis, it is found that the plant has its own decay heat removal capability by natural circulation following a LOCA, at hot-standby mode. Additional calculation is performed to investigate an effect of HPSI flow on natural circulation.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.435-442
• /
• 2001

Bayes estimators and generalized ML estimators for reliability of a k-unit hot standby system with the perfect switch based upon a complete sample of failure times observed from an exponential distribution using noninformative, generalized uniform, and gamma priors for the failure rate are proposed, and MSE's of proposed several estimators for the standby system reliability are compared numerically each other through the Monte Carlo simulation.