• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.314-319
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• 1985

Nineteen patients with various types of cyanotic congenital heart disease underwent systemic-pulmonary artery shunts with a microporous polytetrafluoroethylene [PTFE] graft between September, 1983, and April, 1985. Age ranged from 3 months to 18 years, and seven of them were less than 12 months old. There were seventeen Great Ormond Street type of modified Blalock-Taussig shunts, and two central polytetrafluoroethylene shunt [ascending aorta-right pulmonary artery]. There was one postoperative death [1/19=5.3%] in a 10 Kg child born with pulmonary atresia and ventricular septal defect associated with patent ductus arteriosus. He had another anomaly of imperforated anus. Relief from cyanosis was achieved in other eighteen patients with variable degree. Eighteen survivors have been followed up from 1 month to 19 months. Clinical status, auscultation, oxygen partial pressure of arterial blood, and hemoglobin have been used to establish shunt patency in all survivors. By above criteria, all survivors have good patent shunt.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제63권3호
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• pp.327-337
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• 2020

Junctional neurulation represents the most recent adjunct to the well-known sequential embryological processes of primary and secondary neurulation. While its exact molecular processes, occurring at the end of primary and the beginning of secondary neurulation, are still being actively investigated, its pathological counterpart -junctional neural tube defect (JNTD)- had been described in 2017 based on three patients whose well-formed secondary neural tube, the conus, is widely separated from its corresponding primary neural tube and functionally disconnected from corticospinal control from above. Several other cases conforming to this bizarre neural tube arrangement have since appeared in the literature, reinforcing the validity of this entity. The cardinal clinical, neuroimaging, and electrophysiological features of JNTD, and the hypothesis of its embryogenetic mechanism, form part of this review.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.225-234
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• 2009

해외취업에 대해 관심도가 높은 나라인 카나다와 호주의 방사선사를 대상으로 직업의식을 조사하여 국내 방사선사와 비교함으로 해외취업을 고려하고 있는 방사선사와 전공학생에게 기초정보를 제공하고자 한다. 카나다의 경우 1475 Edmonton Street, Prince George, BC, Canada에 있는 Prince George Resional Hospital, 호주의 경우 Commercial Road Melbourne 3004, Australia에 있는 Alfred Hospital, 한국의 경우 카나다 및 호주와 유사한 규모의 종합병원 방사선사를 대상으로 카나다는 2007년 8월 13일부터, 한국은 2007년 9월 10일부터, 호주는 2008년 8월 4일부터 각각 약 일주일간 방문하여 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 도출하였다. 1. 방사선사의 성별로 한국은 남자 18명(90%), 카나다와 호주는 여자가 각각 14명(73.7%), 25명(86.2%)으로 국가별 방사선사 구성의 성별 차이가 있음을 보여준다. 2. 직업을 선택할 때 가장 중요하게 생각하는 요소는 한국, 카나다, 호주 모두 '적성'이 가장 높게 나타났고, 그 다음으로 '보수'가 높게 나타났다. 3. 직업에 대한 가치에서 한국은 '경제적 자립', '남에게 인정받기 위하여', '사회적인 지위를 확보하기 위하여' 부분이 높게 나타났고 카나다와 호주는 '일 자체가 좋아서', '자아실현을 위하여', '삶의 의미를 느끼기 위하여', '다양한 사람들과 사귀기 위하여'가 높게 나타났다. 4. 직업에 대한 의견 중 '직업은 결혼만큼 중요한 것이다'에서 한국은 '그렇다', 카나다와 호주는 '그렇지 않다'가 높게 나타났다. 5. 한국, 카나다, 호주의 방사선사를 대상으로 직업의식을 비교한 결과 한국은 카나다와 호주에 비교하여 직업관련 의식이 낮은 수준을 보였다. 본 연구는 각 국가별 표본선정에 있어 현실적으로 조사 가능한 범위가 빈약하여 전체 방사선사 의견을 대표한다고 하기에는 한계점이 있으나 방사선사의 해외취업에 관심 있는 주요 국가를 비교하는데 의의가 있다고 본다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제63권3호
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• pp.279-313
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• 2020

This review summarises the classification, anatomy and embryogenesis of complex spinal cord lipomas, and describes in some detail the new technique of total lipoma resection and radical reconstruction of the affected neural placode. Its specific mission is to tackle two main issues surrounding the management of complex dysraphic lipomas : whether total resection confers better long term benefits than partial resection, and whether total resection does better than conservative treatment, i.e., no surgery, for asymptomatic lipomas. Accordingly, the 24 years progression-free survival data of the author and colleagues' series of over 350 cases of total resection are compared with historical data from multiple series (including our own) of partial resection, and total resection data specifically for asymptomatic lesions are compared with the two known series of non-surgical treatment of equivalent patients. These comparisons amply support the author's recommendation of total resection for most complex lipomas, with or without symptoms. The notable exception is the asymptomatic chaotic lipoma, whose peculiar anatomical relationship with the neural tissue defies even our aggressive surgical approach, and consequently projects worse results (admittedly of small number of cases) than for the other two lipoma subtypes of dorsal and transitional lesions. Prophylactic resection of asymptomatic chaotic lipomas is therefore not currently endorsed.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제64권3호
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• pp.329-339
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• 2021

It has been recognised for over a century that the events of gastrulation are fundamental in determining, not only the development of the neuraxis but the organisation of the entire primitive embryo. Until recently our understanding of gastrulation was based on detailed histological analysis in animal models and relatively rare human tissue preparations from aborted fetuses. Such studies resulted in a model of gastrulation that neurosurgeons have subsequently used as a means of trying to explain some of the congenital anomalies of caudal spinal cord and vertebral development that present in paediatric neurosurgical practice. Recent advances in developmental biology, in particular cellular biology and molecular genetics have offered new insights into very early development. Understanding the processes that underlie cellular interactions, gene expression and activation/inhibition of signalling pathways has changed the way embryologists view gastrulation and this has led to a shift in emphasis from the 'descriptive and morphological' to the 'mechanistic and functional'. Unfortunately, thus far it has proved difficult to translate this improved knowledge of normal development, typically derived from non-human models, into an understanding of the mechanisms underlying human malformations such as the spinal dysraphisms and anomalies of caudal development. A paediatric neurosurgeons perspective of current concepts in gastrulation is presented along with a critical review of the current hypotheses of human malformations that have been attributed to disorders of this stage of embryogenesis.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.212-220
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• 2014

Entrance floor in hospital has became important space for medical service in holistic perspective and image enhancement. However, basically a discussion of the qualitative properties and the role of public space is paucity in change of public spaces paradigm. In accordance with this problem, this study consider the change of paradigm in public space based on earlier studies and create classification criterion of space. According to the criterion, G/D ratio and the qualitative spatial area ratio of 26 general hospitals which were planned over 500 beds are analyzed by case study method. The conclusion of this study is as follows. 1) The space according to the medical function is variable element. So the public space should be planned from function-subordinate space to self-reliance space in the future. 2) There is no correlation between the high G/D ratio and the high ratio of qualitative spacial area. In other word It's hard to say that the public space which G/D ratio is high is qualitative space. 3) Since 2000, various types in accordance with the circulation system is applied to public space. And ratio of qualitative spacial area is relatively high in the street type and the concourse type. 4) The qualitative spatial area ratio of stay space is higher than passage's one.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.133-139
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• 1977

Two cases of congenital aneurysm of sinus of Valsalva, ruptured into the right ventricle, and associated with ventricular septal defects, were undergone intracardiac repair with the aid of extracorporeal circulation using Bentley bubble oxygenator and moderate hypothermia. Case 1. A 20 year old male, with the chief complaints of palpitation and dyspnea, was admitted to Kyungpook National University Hospital on Dec. 16, 1976. Continuous machinery murmur was heard best at left 3rd. intercostal space along the sternal border. Retrograde aortography disclosed aneurysm of the right coronary cusp, which ruptured into the right ventricle. Utilizing cardiac bypass and moderate hypothermia, the right ventricle was opened and aneurysm was closed by direct sutures. Associated ventricuar septal defect was directly ,closed and suture line was reinforced by Dacron patch. Total bypass time was 112 minutes and total aortic cross clamping time was 37 minutes. Assist ventilation was carried out for 28 hours postoperatively. His postoperative course was smooth except removal o1 substernal hematoma and he was .discharged on 24th postoperative day. Case 2. A 28 year old man was admitted to our Hospital on June 9, 1976. two weeks prior to this admission, suddenly he had collapsed while he was walking on the street. Following `this episode, palpitation, dyspnea on exertion and frequent respiratory infection developed. Grade IV systolic murmur was heard best at 3rd intercostal space along the sternal border. Retrograde aortography confirmed the diagnosis of rupture of aneurysm of the sinus Valsalva ruptured into the right ventricle. Under the cardiopulmonary bypass the right ventricle was opened and ruptured aneurysm and infracristal ventricular septal defect were directly closed and reinforced with Dacron patch. Postoperative course was uneventful and he was discharged on 14th postoperative day. The pathogenesis of aneurysm of the sinus Valsalva and mode of diagnosis were discussed. Principle of surgical repair was presented.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제41권
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• pp.31.1-31.7
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• 2019

Background: To test the hypothesis that in profile smiling view, for ideal aesthetics, a tangent to the labial face of the maxillary central incisor crowns should be approximately parallel to the true vertical line and thereby perpendicular to the true horizontal line. Methods: An idealized female image was created with computer software and manipulated using the same software to construct an "ideal" female profile image with proportions, and linear and angular soft tissue measurements, based on currently accepted criteria for idealized Caucasian profiles. The maxillary incisor labial face tangent was altered in 5° increments from 70 to 120°, creating a range of images, shown in random order to 70 observers (56 lay people and 14 clinicians), who ranked the images from the most to the least attractive. The main outcome was the preference ranks of image attractiveness given by the observers. Results: The most attractive inclination of a tangent to the labial face of the maxillary incisor crowns in profile view in relation to the true horizontal line was 85°, i.e. 5° retroclined from a perpendicular 90° inclination. The most attractive range appears to be between 80 and 90°. Excessive proclination appeared to be less desirable than retroclination. Beyond 105° most observers recommend treatment. Conclusion: In natural head position, the ideal inclination of the maxillary incisor crown labial face tangent in profile view will be approximately parallel to the true vertical line and thereby approximately perpendicular to the true horizontal line.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.125-134
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• 2018

Purpose: The interest in the personal mobility started to grow and as the interest increases, there are growing concerns about the safety of it. The purpose of the study is to look at the types and dynamics of patients injured by the personal mobilities. Methods: This was a retrospective 2-year observational study, from January 2016 to December 2017, on the patients who visited the emergency center and the trauma center, with an injury related to driving the personal mobility. Cases of the personal mobility-related accident were collected based on electronic medical records and hospital emergency department-based injury in-depth surveillance data. Results: A total of 65 patients visited the emergency center and the trauma center, during this study period. Six patients of 50 adults admitted the alcohol consumption (12%) and two adult patients wore the helmet as the protection gear (3.1%). The number of the patients in 2017 rises three times more than the number of patients in 2016 (51 vs. 14). Injuries to the head and neck region (67.7%) was the most common, followed by the upper extremity (46.2%). Eleven patients (16.9%) were admitted to the hospital, of whom three were admitted to the intensive care unit due to intracranial hemorrhage. Nine patients underwent surgery. Conclusions: The use of the personal mobility will continue to grow and the accidents, caused by the vehicle, will increase along with it. The study showed the damage is worse than expected. Personal mobility currently has a limited safety laws and the riders are not yet fully aware of its danger. The improvement of the regulation of the personal mobility, safety education is needed.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.325-333
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• 2022

Heart failure (HF) has become one of the severe public health problems. The detailed role of mitochondrial function in HF was still unclear. Benzoylaconine (BAC) is a traditional Chinese medicine, but its role in HF still needs to be explored. In this study, oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R) was executed to mimic the injury of H9C2 cells in HF. The viability of H9C2 cells was assessed via MTT assay. OGD/R treatment markedly decreased the viability of H9C2 cells, but BAC treatment evidently increased the viability of OGD/R-treated H9C2 cells. The apoptosis of H9C2 was enhanced by OGD/R treatment but suppressed by BAC treatment. The mitochondrial membrane potential was evaluated via JC-1 assay. BAC improved the mitochondrial function and suppressed oxidative stress in OGD/R-treated H9C2 cells. Moreover, Western blot analysis revealed that the protein expression of p-AMPK and PGC-1α were reduced in OGD/R-treated H9C2 cells, which was reversed by BAC. Rescue assays indicated that AMPK attenuation reversed the BAC-mediated protective effect on OGD/R-treated cardiomyocytes. Moreover, BAC alleviated myocardial injury in vivo. In a word, BAC modulated the mitochondrial function in OGD/R-induced cardiomyocyte injury by activation of the AMPK/PGC-1 axis. The findings might provide support for the application of BAC in the treatment of HF.