• 생물정신의학
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.57-65
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• 1996

The Evaluation of patients complaining of psychiatric symptoms following head injury is much affected by the results of various tests. The objecive of this paper is to investigate the effectiveness of each lest by comparing the structual and fuctional brain studies. The subjects were 93 organic menial disorder in and out patients at the Dept. of Neuropsychiatry of the Kyung Hee University Hospital. After carrying out MRI, CT, SPECT, EEG, the results of each were analysed for the sesitivity and ability to detect focal lesion. The degree of inter-test correlations of lest results were also investigated. Furthermore, the characteristic features of psychological tests were studied and the relationship between each of above mentioned tests and psychological test was examined. As for the test sensitivity to diagnosis, the SPECT was the most superior followed by MRI, CT, EEG in thai order. In the case of abnormality, SPECT ranked 1st in detection of focal lesion, followed by MRI, CT in that order. In the inter-test result correlation, the correlation of SPECT-MRI was statistically significant. When mare than moderate abnormality EEG finding was reported, it correlated significantly with that of MRI findings. In the MMPI, the average scores on F, Hs, D, Hy, Pa, Pt, Sc subscales were above 60. Abnormal SPECT group scored significantly high on the F, Pd, Pa, Sc, Ma scales and therefore in comparison ot the SPECT normal group, displayed more psychotic features. In K-WAIS, the mean full scale IQ was down to 77. 23(Verbal IQ : 78.76, Performance IQ : 77.44) but there was no characterogic significant relationship between the lowered to and abnormal SPECT, MRI, CT and EEG results. In conclusion, 1) The SPECT was mast superior in sensitivity and detection of focal lesions. In comparision with other tests, the results of SPECT correlated well with MRI had thus is thought to be very usefull testing method in the evaluation of organic mental disorder patients. 2) The MRI had relatively high sensitivity, ability to detect focal lesion and superior correlation with other test. 3) Although EEG fared less an sensitivity in comparison to other tests, the results of above moderate abnormal grade group and that of MRI correlated significantly. 4) In the MMPI highly scored in F, Hs, D, Hy, Pa, Pt, Sc subscales and abnormal SPECT patients were shown to display more sever psychotic features. There was no significant character relationship between the lowered IQ(in K-WAIS) and abnormal findings on MRI, CT, SPECT, EEG.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.132-142
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• 1998

This study was conducted to investigate whether exercise therapy applied in an efficacy expectation promoting program based on the self-efficacy theory of Bandura(1977) would increase self-efficacy and metabolism in NIDDM patients. The study design was a nonequivalent control group pre-test post-test quasi-experimental desist The exercise therapy applied in the efficacy expectation promoting program was composed of a staged exercise program, a small booklet relating personal experience with diabetes mellitus and a telephone coaching program on performance accomplishment. vicarious experience and verbal persuasion, which are all induction modes of efficacy expectation. The subjects of the study were twenty eight NIDDM patients who received follow-up care regularly through the out-patient department of endocrine medicine in one general hospital which had a diabetic clinic. Fourteen were assigned to the experimental group and fourteen to the control group. The experimental group participated in the exercise therapy applied in the efficacy expectation promoting program from three to five times per week for four weeks and the control group did not have the program. The collected data were analyzed using the X²-test, t-test, paired t-test, and Cronbach's Alpha using SPSS /PC/sup +/. The results are summarized as follows 1. Experimental group had higher efficacy score than control group(t=5.98, p=.00). And. There was a significant different in the efficacy score before exercise therapy applied in the efficacy expectation promoting program and after in experimental group(t=-6.42, p=.00). 2. Experimental group did not have lower level of glucose metabolism than control group(FBS : t=.32, p=.75, HbAlC : t=.60, p=.55, pc 2hrs. glucose : t=-.29, p=.78). But, There was a significant different in the aunt of glucose metabolism before exercise therapy applied in the efficacy expectation promoting program and after in experimental group(FBS : t=3.63, p=.003, HbAlC t=4.20, p=.00, pc 2hrs. glucose : t=1.93, p=.001). 3. Levels of lipid metabolism were partly a significant different between Experimental group and control group(triglyceride t=-1.87, p=.07, HDL cholesterol : t=-.29, p=.77. body weight : t=1.78, p=.09, Total cholesterol : t=-2.17, p=.04). And, There was partly a significant different in the amount of lipid metabolism before exercise therapy applied in the efficacy expectation promoting program and after in experimental group(triglyceride : t=2.50, p=.03, HDL cholesterol : t=-.43, p=.67, body weight : t=5.34. p=.00, Total cholesterol : t=2.26, p=.04). In conclusion, it was found that exercise therapy applied in an efficacy expectation promoting program was an effective nursing intervention for increasing self-efficacy and metabolism.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.218-226
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• 2011

널리 사용되고 있는 제초제인 파라콰트가 수중이나 토양을 통해 인체에 노출될 가능성이 있음을 알아보기 위해 본 연구를 시행하였다. 수중에서 자외선에 의한 파라콰트의 분해 여부를 측정하였고, 토양에 파라콰트 살포 후 인공강우조건을 만들어 파라콰트의 침출 여부를 파악하였다. 또한, 용존산소량에 따라 등급이 다른 세가지 하천수에서 파라콰트의 자외선에 의한 분해양상을 조사하였다. HPLC/UVD를 이용한 토양과 수중에서 파라콰트의 용출 및 분해양상을 살펴본 결과 수중에서 자외선에 의한 파라콰트의 분해는 일어나지 않았고, 토양에서 파라콰트 살포 후, 파라콰트 용출 여부를 한 달간 살펴보았는데 용출은 되지 않았다. 그리고 하천수의 수질에 따른 파라콰트의 자외선에 의한 영향 또한 변화가 없었다. 분석방법에 대한 검출한계는 1.57 ${\mu}g$/L로 검출한계가 낮았다. 그리고 분석의 정밀도 및 정확도를 본 결과 3개의 다른 농도에서 6 % 이내의 정밀도와 약 88 % 이상의 정확도를 갖고 있어서 분석방법이 우수하였다. 토양에 살포된 파라콰트가 강수 등에 의해서 다시 용출될 가능성은 매우 낮다. 그러나 어떠한 경로이던 수계로 들어간 파라콰트는 오랫동안 잔류되어 인체에 노출될 수 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구는 실험실에서 진행된 것으로 실제 환경매체를 이용한 실증적인 연구와 이를 통한 역학적 연구가 필요하다고 할 수 있다.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.207-212
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• 2016

Objectives: Acupuncture treatments are safe and effective for a wide variety of diseases involving autonomic dysregulation. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a noninvasive method for assessing sympathovagal balance. The low frequency/high frequency (LF/HF) spectral power ratio is an index of sympathovagal influence on heart rate and of cardiovascular health. This study tests the hypothesis that from rest to 30% to 50% of peak oxygen consumption, the nonlinear Conte-Zbilut-Federici (CZF) method of computing the LF/HF ratio is a more reliable index of changes in the HRV than linear methods are. Methods: The subjects of this study were 10 healthy young adults. Electrocardiogram RR intervals were measured during 6-minute periods of rest and aerobic exercise on a cycle ergometer at 30% and 50% of peak oxygen consumption ($VO_{2peak}$). Results: The frequency domain CZF computations of the LF/HF ratio and the time domain computations of the standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN) decreased sequentially from rest to 30% $VO_{2peak}$ (P < 0.001) to 50% $VO_{2peak}$ (P < 0.05). The SDNN and the CZF computations of the LF/HF ratio were positively correlated (Pearson's r = 0.75, P < 0.001). fast Fourier transform (FFT), autoregressive (AR) and Lomb periodogram computations of the LF/HF ratio increased only from rest to 50% $VO_{2peak}$. Conclusion: Computations of the LF/HF ratio by using the nonlinear CZF method appear to be more sensitive to changes in physical activity than computations of the LF/HF ratio by using linear methods. Future studies should determine whether the CZF computation of the LF/HF ratio improves evaluations of pharmacopuncture and other treatment modalities.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.55-69
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• 2008

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to analyze the prehospital care report prepared by EMS squads of 119 center in Gyeonggi area and to identify the status of prehospital care activities, problems and improvement possibilities of the emergency care. Method : Five hundred copies of prehospital care report prepared by EMS squads in thirty-eight 119 centers under 18 fire stations in Gyeonggi area from March to April in 2008 were randomly chosen for the analysis. Data abstracted according to the purpose of the study were input and the analysis of prehospital care activities were performed using SPSS-WIN(ver. 16) statistics package. Results : 1. Total 500 cases of prehospital emergency care activities were reviewed. By sex, females were 219 (43.8%) and males were 281 (56.2%). The places of reporting were home (57.8%). According to the type of emergency, 281 cases (56.2%) were caused by disease and 291 (43.8%) were from other causes such as traffic accidents or incidental injuries. 2 The average time needed for the 119 EMS squad to arrive at the scene after being reported was 7.29 minutes. The time used at the scene for the emergency care was 7.3 minutes in average and the time to arrive at the hospital was 25.4 minutes in average. 3. In patient evaluation, in 68% of the cases more than two vital signs were measured at one time and emergency patients were 31%, and non-emergency patients were 69%. 4. In one EMS activity, average 2.15 cases of emergency care were provided to a patient. The cases where two kinds of emergency care were given were 14.4%, which is the most frequent cases. When reviewing the details of the emergency cares given to the patient including multiple cares, trivial cards (taking it easy and giving comfort) were the most frequent one as 40.6% and the medical direction of the doctor was given in only one case out of 500 cases. 5. In patient evaluation and emergency care, vital signs were provided to emergency patients at significantly higher rate comparing to the non-emergency patients. The number of emergency care performance was significantly higher in emergency cases. In emergency dispatch, the cases that EMT (1st class) was on board was 86.2%. When comparing the cases when the 1st class EMT was on board and otherwise, the cases with the presence of 1st class EMT showed more vital signs were detected but there was no significant difference in the number of emergency cares provided. Conclusion : It seemed that the on-scene emergency care did not satisfy the expectations. So it is necessary to enforce the cooperation between the elements, the qualifications of the 119 EMS squads and to improve the prehospital working environment in order to provide the better medical service at any time.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.82-89
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• 2016

경제성장과 더불어 고령화 사회로 진입하여 '아름답고 건강하게 사는 욕구'와, '항 노화'에 대한 관심이 증진됨에 따라 미학 산업이 유망사업으로 부각되어 스킨케어 시장을 크게 증가시켰다. 하지만 병원이나 전문 관리업체의 관리를 받기위해서는 시간적, 공간적, 비용적 제약이 발생하여, 이를 해결하기 위해 많은 업체들이 홈 케어 방면으로 접근하기 시작했다. 세계적인 추세로 개인용 스킨케어 시장이 활성화 되었으며, 국내는 경기침체로 인한 저비용, 개인용 시장이 활성화 되었다. 우리는 이러한 점을 보완하기 위하여 가정용 스킨케어 장치를 개발하기 위해 본 실험을 실시하였다. 본 논문에서는 개인용 스킨케어 제품을 만들기 위해 저준위 레이저를 개발하고 이를 피부 미용적으로 접목시키기 위해 노력하였다. 피부에 저준위 레이저를 사용함으로써 모공을 확장시켜 피부의 진피층까지 해당 앰플을 침투시키는데 목적을 두고 실험하였으며, 의료용 저준위 레이저와의 비교를 통하여 안정성 및 성능의 효율성 유무를 판단하고 상용화 할 수 있도록 노력하였다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.7648-7655
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• 2015

간호서비스 질에 대한 대상자들의 요구가 점점 높아지고 있는 현실에서 간호서비스 질은 간호사의 직무태도와 행동에 따라 달라질 수 있다 하였다. 그 것은 자발적이고 능동적인 조직시민행동으로 설명할 수 있다. 임상실무에서는 간호사들의 업무성과에 영향을 미치는 조직시민행동이 매우 중요하며 조직공정성은 조직시민행동의 중요한 영향요인이다. 본 연구는 조직공정성이 간호사의 조직시민행동에 미치는 영향관계를 파악하고자 시도된 서술적 조사연구이다. 연구대상은 K지역 소재 500병상 미만의 2차 의료기관 3곳에서 근무하는 간호사 230명을 대상으로 하였다. 데이터 분석은 SPSS Win18.0을 사용하여 기술통계, t-test, ANOVA, Perason's correlation coefficient, Multiple Regression을 하였다. 연구결과에서 총 조직공정성과 그 하위요인 인 분배, 절차, 상호작용공정성은 조직시민행동에 유의한 정(+)의 상관관계를 나타내었다(r=.172~.540, p=.000). 또한 총 조직공정성은 29.1%의 설명력을 가지고 총 조직시민행동에 유의한 영향(${\beta}$=.540)을 미쳤다(F=93.777, p=.000). 하위요인을 살펴보면, 절차공정성을 제외한 분배공정성(${\beta}$=.283)과 상호작용공정성(${\beta}$=.249)은 조직시민행동에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 간호사의 조직시민행동을 유도하기 위해서는 성과, 보상에 대한 분배공정성과 사회적 관계인 상호작용공정성에 초점을 맞춘 간호관리 전략이 필요하다.

• 대한디지털의료영상학회논문지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.45-50
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• 2008

Recently, MR Cholangiography used mainly bu controlling of patient's breathing. There is breathing hold techniques to get images within shopt time and gating technique adjusted to respiration cycle for high resolution image. In this study, the aim of this experiment is to know on clinical usefulness compared with PACE and RTG thchniques. This study's period is from 2006 in November to 2007 in January. A total of 21 patients investigated at MAGNETOM Sonata 1.5T (SIEMENS Erlangen) with use of 12ch body coil. MR acquisition protocol used 3D turbo spin echo coronal sequence. Scan parameters applied to potimal setting in use as gating techniques, respectively. Analysis of consuming timing evaluated with rapidness. As analysis of quantity, the common bile duct, gall bladder measured in signal intensities, then these data were calculated by signal to noise ratio and contrast to noise ratio. Qualitative analysis, experienced 2radiologists and 3 RTs were evaluated into 3groups about artifact, accuracy of lesions, sharpness of the common bile duct or gall bladder. As a result of analysis, when compared to PACE, consuming time of the RTG took less than PACE, On both CNRs and SNRs, PACE technique was slightly high values than RTG(p<0.05). Qualitative analysis' results, discrimination of lesions in the common bile duct, gall bladder get a significance level in both RTG and PACE techniques but presence's artifact of breathing and pulsation highly demonstrate in PACE techniques. In conclusion, both PACE and RTG methods at MRCP provided prominently clinical information for the common bile duct, gall bladder. If machines have not limitation with performance, induction of breathing holding also will help getting diagnistic quality.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.66-72
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• 2008

The major risk associated with the use of automated power injectors is the well known complication of contrast material extravasation at the injection site. Automated injection of computed tomography (CT) contrast media can produce the compartment syndrome. The purpose of this study was to assess the ability of this device during clinically important episodes of extravasation. The extravasation detection accessory (EDA) system was composed of a strain gage, an amplifier and a computer based system. A strain gage pliable adhesive patch was applied to the skin aver the intravenous catheter and the catheter was connected to the power injector with a cable to monitor the resolution data. If the programmed monitoring, which was developed with MS Visual C++, at the extravasation occurred, then the injection was interrupted the auto injector. CT was used to demonstrate the clinically important extravasation. This study was a prospective, observational study in which the EDA system was used to monitor the automated mechanical injection of contrast material in 7 dogs. There were two true-positive cases (range of extravasation volumes: $18{\sim}22ml$), twenty three true-negative cases, three false-positive cases and no false-negative cases. The EDA system had a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 88% for the detection of clinically important extravasation. The EDA system had good sensitivity for the detection of clinically important extravasation and the EDA system has the clinical potential for the early detection of extravasation of the contrast medium that is administered with power injectors. The EDA system is easy to use safe and accurate for the monitoring extravasation of the intravenous injections, and this system may prove especially useful in CT applications.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.29-37
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• 2006

유방암은 여성의 암발생에서 가장 많이 차지하고 있으며 생활양식의 변화에 따라 점점 증가하고 있다. 전 인구의 50%을 차지하고 있는 여성에서 유방 검사는 유방X-선촬영이 스크리닝 검사로 가장 많이 사용되고 있어 정도관리가 매우 중요하다. 따라서 본 조사는 경상북도를 4개 구역으로 나누어 유방촬영장비에 대한 조사야와 광조사야의 일치도, 광학농도, 압박율, 팬톰을 이용한 전체모조 병소 수 및 일반적인 정도관리의 실태를 조사 하였다. 조사야의 일치도에서는 조사대상 11개 병원비 장비 중 7곳이 기준치에 적합했으며, 광학농도는 6곳, 압박율은 7곳이 합격한 것으로 조사되었다. 전체모조병소 속의 섬유소, 석희화그룹, 종괴들의 수는 모두 10개 이상으로 나와 기준치 내에 포함 되었으나 전용현상기와 판독대를 보유하고 있는 의료기관은 3곳이였다. 이와 같은 결과는 유방영상의 화질관리가 제대로 되고 있지 않음을 반영한다. 또한 압박장치, 조사야 일치도, 팬텀 영상 평가의 3개 항목을 모두 충족시키는 경우는 27.2%로 나타나 정확한 유방암의 진단을 위해 정도관리에 대한 관심이 더욱 필요하다고 사료된다.