• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제59권sup1호
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• pp.121-124
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• 2016

Turner syndrome (TS) is a genetic disorder in phenotypic females that has characteristic physical features and presents as partial or complete absence of the second sex chromosome. Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) is a condition caused by insufficient release of growth hormone from the pituitary gland. The concomitant occurrence of TS and GHD is rare and has not yet been reported in Korea. Here we report 2 cases of TS and GHD. In case 1, GHD was initially diagnosed. Karyotyping was performed because of the presence of the typical phenotype and poor response to growth hormone therapy, which revealed 45,X/45,X+mar. The patient showed increased growth velocity after the growth hormone dose was increased. In case 2, a growth hormone provocation test and chromosomal analysis were performed simultaneously because of decreased growth velocity and the typical TS phenotype, which showed GHD and a mosaic karyotype of 45,X/46,XX. The patient showed spontaneous pubertal development. In female patients with short stature, it is important to perform a throughout physical examination and test for hormonal and chromosomal abnormalities because diagnostic accuracy is important for treatment and prognosis.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.147-152
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• 1995

본 연구는 돼지의 발정 동기화를 시키는데 있어 Altrenogest와 PG600간의 효과를 비교하기 위해 축산기술연구소에서 1994년부터 1995년 사이에 실시하였다. 먼저 시험돈은 자연 발정주기를 매일 2회씩 관찰하였고(Control), 한 group은 발정주기의 15일경에 PG600을 피하 주사했으며(PG600), 나머지 한 group은 발정주기와 관계없이 9일 동안 20mg의 Altrenogest를 사료에 첨가 급여하였다(Altrenogest). 그후 대조구를 제외한 두 그룹은 각각 PMSG 1500 IU를 PG600 처리후 16일째에, Altrenogest 처리구는 Altrenogest 처리후 24시간에 각각 근육주사하였으며, 약3일후 hCG 750 IU를 각 처리별로 근육주사하였다. 이 결과 대조구에서는 85%, Altrenogest는 90.1%, PG600구에서는 100%의 발정 발현율이 나타남으로써 전체 발현율로써는 처리간에 별차이가 없었으나, hCG주입후 9일내에 발정 발현정도는 대조구(25/53)에 비하여, PG600구 (47/47)가 높았다. 또한 황체수 및 회수난자수에서는 각각 대조구 12.9$\pm$1.8, 12.7$\pm$3.9, Altrenogest구 25.5$\pm$0.7, 15.0$\pm$4.2, PG600구 25.4$\pm$13.1, 19.0$\pm$12.8로 호르몬 처리간에는 별차이가 없다. 그러나 대조구에 비해서는 호르몬 처리구에서 유의적으로 (P<0.05) 높았으며, 정상 난자율에서는 호르몬 처리구보다 대조구에서 약간 높은 경향을 보였다. 따라서 본 연구에서 호르몬 처리에 의한 발정동기화가 효율적으로 가능하다는 것이 입증되었으며 이러한 발정동기화기술은 노동력 및 비용절감측면에서 효과가 있는 것으로 사료된다.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.14-20
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• 2009

Growth retardation is a common consequenc of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in childhood. Many recent clinical and experimental data indicate that growth failure in CKD is mainly due to a relative GH insensitivity and functional IGF-I deficiency. Glucocorticoids also glucocorticoids interfere with the integrity of the somatotropic hormone axis at various levels. Over the past 10 years, recombinant growth hormone (rhGH) has been used to help short children with chronic kidney disease. A GH dosage of 0.35 mg/kg/week (28 IU/$m^2$/week) appears efficient and safe. Some clinical trial data show that final height will be within the normal target height range when GH treatment is continued for many years without remarkable adverse events.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.199-206
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• 2017

As the population ages, the life of women after menopause becomes much longer than the past, and the quality of life of old age becomes increasingly principal issue. There is a period that women experience the physical symptoms of menopause, although there are differences in degree, and the management of this period is a suitable time for women to improve their quality of life. According to the menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) and Timing Hypothesis, which has been proven in the Kronos Early Estrogen Prevention Study (KEEPS) and the Early vs Late Intervention Trial with Estradiol (ELITE) study, a relatively young woman before and after menopause can benefit from long-term beneficial effects such as prevention of osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease by early initiation of hormone therapy to alleviate menopausal symptoms. MHT should be considered for all women in healthy (without other important diseases) menopausal years, expecting to improve their quality of life through symptom relief in menopausal women and, in the long term, to prevent cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis. When applying hormone therapy to individuals, it is necessary to establish various treatment strategies according to the menopausal symptoms of individual patients (individualization of treatment) and judge the suitability of clinical application.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.714-723
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• 2012

The object of this study was to evaluate the effect of Bupleuri Radix, aqueous extracts of the root part of Bupleurum falcatum on the 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU)-induced rat hypothyroidism. Aqueous extracts of Bupleuri Radix (BR; yield = 11.73%) were administered, once day for 42 days from 2 weeks before start of PTU treatment as an oral dose of 300 and 150 mg/kg (body weight), and hypothyroidism was induced by daily subcutaneous treatment of PTU 10 mg/kg for 28 days. The changes on the body weight, thyroid gland weights, serum thyroid hormone - thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine ($T_3$) and thyroxine ($T_4$), serum lipid profiles - total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglyceride, liver antioxidant defense system - lipid peroxidation, $H_2O_2$, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were observed with histopathology of thyroid glands. Results were compared with $LevoT_4$ 0.5 mg/kg treated rats. As results of PTU treatment, marked decreases of body weights, triglyceride contents, liver CAT activities and changes of serum thyroid hormone levels were observed with increases of serum AST, HDL contents, liver $H_2O_2$ and SOD activities and thyroid gland weight. In addition, marked hyperplasia of follicular cells with decreases of follicular colloid contents and sizes were demonstrated at histopathological inspections. However, these PTU induced hypothyroidism were dose-dependently inhibited by treatment of BR extracts, and BR extracts effectively regulated the hypothyroidism related changes on the antioxidant defense system. The results obtained in this study suggest that BR extracts have favorable effects on the thyroid hormone productions with beneficial effects on the hypothyroidism mediated by the modulatory effects on the antioxidant defense system.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.403-412
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• 2009

Purpose: We analyzed climacteric symptoms, bone mineral density (BMD), serum estradiol ($E_2$) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) to identify the health benefits of meridian massage in perimenopausal women. Methods: There were 16 women in the experimental group and 17 people in the control group. Meridian massage was performed for 4 weeks, 3 times a week for 20 minutes each session. The data were collected pre-treatment, posttreatment and 4 weeks after treatment. SPSS/WIN 11.5 was used for data analysis. Results: After meridian massage, there were significant differences in climacteric symptoms (U = 65.50, p = .011) and BMD (U = 65.50, p = .011) between the two groups. The E2 level showed a significant difference between the two groups pre- and posttreatment (U = 75.00, p = .028). FSH showed a significant increase when measured at 4 weeks after the treatment as compared with the amount when measured post-treatment within the control group (z = -2.249, p = .025), experimental group showed a stable change in FSH. but there was no significant difference between the groups. Conclusion: In this study, we confirmed the effects of Meridian massage in decreasing climacteric symptoms, inhibiting the decrease of BMD and stabilizing serum hormone in perimenopausal women. Therefore, it can be considered for use as a nursing intervention for health management in perimenopausal women.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.630-637
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• 2010

The object of this study was to evaluate the effect of Lonicerae Flos, aqueous extracts of the dried flower bud part of Lonicera japonica on the 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU)-induced rat hypothyroidism. Aqueous extracts of Lonicerae Flos (LF yield = 23.80%) were administered, once day for 42 days from 2 weeks before start of PTU treatment as an oral dose of 500 and 250 mg/kg (body weight), and hypothyroidism was induced by daily subcutaneous treatment of PTU 10 mg/kg for 28 days. The changes on the body weight, thyroid gland weights, serum thyroid hormone - thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), tri-iodothyronine ($T_3$) and thyroxine ($T_4$), serum lipid profiles - total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglyceride were observed with liver antioxidant defense system - lipid peroxidation, $H_2O_2$, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) and serum asparte aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) analysis. Results were compared with Levothyroxine ($LT_4$) 0.5 mg/kg treated rats. As results of PTU treatment, marked decreases of body weights, serum thyroid hormone levels and triglyceride contents, liver $H_2O_2_3$ and SOD activities were observed with increases of serum AST and HDL contents, liver CAT activities, thyroid gland weight. However, these PTU induced hypothyroidism were dose-dependently inhibited by treatment of LF extracts, and LF extracts effectively regulated the hypothyroidism related changes on the antioxidant defense system. The results obtained in this study suggest that LF extracts have favorable effects on the thyroid hormone productions with beneficial effects on the hypothyroidism mediated by the modulatory effects on the antioxidant defense system.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.237-242
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• 2000

흰쥐 시상하부에서 합성ㆍ분비되어 뇌하수체 전엽에서의 growth hormone (GH) 분비를 촉진하는 growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH)이 시상하부 이외 조직들 (extrahypothalamic tissues)인 태반, 생식소, 그리고 뇌하수체 전엽에서도 발현됨이 보고되었다. 본 연구는 흰쥐 뇌하수체 전엽에서 발현되는 GHRH의 기능을 조사하기 위해 i)세포 배양을 시행하면서 GHRH의 세포내 함량, 분비 그리고 세포분획법 (cell-fractionation)을 사용하여 분리한 뇌하수체 세포 유형별로 GHRH 함량을 방사면역측정법으로 조사하였고, ii)체외배양 중인 뇌하수체 전엽세포의 증식에 미치는 GHRH의 효과를 측정하기 위해 [$^3$H] thymidine incorporation assay를, 그리고 iii) GHRH의 세포분열 촉진 효과와 세포내 c-fos 유전자 발현과의 상관관계를 조사하기 위해 northern blot analysis를 시행하였다. GHRH 방사면역측정법을 시행한 결과 상당량의 GHRH-like 분자들이 흰쥐 뇌하수체 전엽내에 존재하고, 체외 세포배양시 분비됨을 관찰하였다. 세포분획을 사용한 실험에서 GHRH 함량은 gonadotrope, somatotrope, lactotrope 그리고 thyrotrope 순으로 나타났다. 이 러한 결과는 흰쥐 뇌하수체 전엽에서 생성된 GHRH가 국부적인 조절인자, 특히 상이한 유형의 세포들 간의 상호조절 (cross-talk)을 통해 뇌하수체 전엽에서의 세포분열과 분화, 그리고 기능조절에 관여할 가능성을 보여주었다. GHRH는 체외 배양중인 뇌하수체 전엽세포의 [$^3$H] thymidine incorporation을 농도의존적으로 증가시켰으며, 이러한 GHRH의 세포분열 촉진 효과는 예상대로 세포내 oncogene 활성 의 증가를 통해 일어나는 것임을 c-fos northrn blot으로 확인하였다. 결론적으로, 본 연구는 흰쥐 뇌하수체 전엽에서 합성되는 GHRH가 paracrine 또는 autocrine 기작으로 GH의 분비 촉진 이외에도 세포분열의 조절함을 시사하는 것이다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.903-907
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• 2015

Background: Among human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer, more than half are also hormone receptor (HR)-positive. Although HR is a predictive factor for the efficacy of hormone therapy, there are still some uncertainties in regard to the effects on patients with HR-positive and HER2-positive metastatic breast cancers due to the potential resistance to hormone therapy caused by co-expression of HR and HER2. There are no clinical trials directly comparing the efficacy of hormonal therapy with chemotherapy. Materials and Methods: To examine the real-world effect of hormone therapy on patients with HR-positive and HER2-positive metastatic breast cancers, a cross-sectional study of a representative sample of the Chinese population was conducted. The study included 113 patients who received first-line and second-line palliative treatment between 2005 and 2010 in the Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science. The effect of hormone therapy on overall survival (OS) was studied. Results: The patients who received hormone therapy (n=51) had better overall survival in contrast to those who received chemotherapy with anti-HER2 therapy (n=62) in first- or second-line treatment. The difference was of borderline statistical significance (51.8m vs 31.9m, p=0.065). In addition, the effect of hormone therapy did not differ significantly with other prognostic factors, including age (${\leq}50$ years or >50 years), disease free survival (${\geq}2$ years or < 2 years) and site of metastasis (visceral or bone/soft tissue). On multivariate analysis, administration of hormone therapy was associated with a trend toward a favorable prognosis (p=0.148, HR=0.693, 95%CI 0.422-1.139). Age more than 50 years was the sole independent harmful prognostic factor (p<0.001, HR=2.797, 95%CI 1.676-4.668). Conclusions: Our data suggest that hormonel therapy may improve outcomes of the patients with ER-positive and HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.60-69
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• 2023

Purpose: Despite enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) and/or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, individuals with mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) I or II often experience significant growth deficiencies. This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of recombinant human growth hormone (hGH) treatment in children diagnosed with MPS I or II. Materials and Methods: A total of nine pediatric patients-four with MPS I and five with MPS II-underwent treatment with ERT and hGH at Samsung Medical Center. Results: The mean hGH dose administered was 0.26±0.03 mg/kg/week. In the MPS I group, three patients showed an increase in height Z-score from -4.09±0.83 to -3.68±0.43 after 1 year of hGH treatment, and to -3.10±0.72 by the end of the hGH regimen. In the MPS II group, while the height Z-score of four patients decreased according to standard growth charts, it improved from 1.61±1.79 to 2.71±1.68 based on the disease-specific growth chart through hGH treatment. Two patients discontinued hGH treatment due to lack of efficacy after 22 and 6 months each of treatment, respectively. No new-onset neurological symptoms or necessity for prosthetic or orthopedic surgery were reported during hGH treatment. Conclusion: This study provides insights into the impact of hGH on MPS patients, demonstrating its potential to reverse growth deceleration in some cases. Further research is needed to explore the long-term effects of hGH on changes in body composition, muscle strength, and bone health in this population.