• 화약ㆍ발파
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.27-55
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• 1999

The excavation works for deep foundation in urban areas have recently increased complaints of blasting vibration and settlement of ground level. Foundation must be excavated approximately up to 24-28m depths from the surface. The roads and subway line pass through the excavation area. The Dae-chung station is also located at the nearest distance 5-35m from the working site. To protect subway station and adjacient some structures from blasting and settlement, the level of ground vibration, displacements and stress were monitored and analyzed. The results can be summarized as follows ; 1. An empirical particle velocity equation were obtained by test blasts at Nassan Missi 860 Office tel construction site. $V{\;}={\;}K(D/\sqrt{W})^{-n}$, where the values for n and k are estimated tobe 0.371 and 1.551. From this ground vibration equation, the max. charge weight per delay time against distance from blasting point is calculated. Detailed blasting method is also presented. 2. To measure the horizontal displacement in directions perpendicular to the borehole axis, 6 inclinometers installed around working sites. The displacement at the begining was comparatively high because the installation of struts was delayed, but after its installation the values showed a stable trend. Among them, the displacement by 3 inclinometers installed on a temporary parking area showed comparatively high values, for example, the displacement measured at hole No. IC-l recoded the max. 47.04mm for 6 months and at hole No. IC-2 recorded the max. 57.33mm for 7 months. So, all of these data was estimated below a safe standard value 103mm. 3. Seven strain gauge meter was installed of measure the magnitude and change of stress acted on structs. The measured value of maximum stress was $-465{\;}kgf/\textrm{cm}^2,{\;}-338.4{\;}kgf/\textrm{cm}^2,{\;}302.3{\;}kgf/\textrm{cm}^2$ respectively. In compareto the allowable stress level of steel, they are estimated to be safe.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.47-55
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• 2009

본 연구의 목적은 첫째, 비선형성을 포함하는 액체기둥진동흡진기(LCVA)의 감쇠항에 대한 등가선형화된 운동방정식을 바탕으로하여 가진입력인 진동대 가속도와 출력인 제어력의 관계인 전달함수를 해석적인 식으로 규명하는 것이다. 둘째, LCVA의 주요설계변수인 수직기둥과 수평기둥의 단면적비의 변화에 따른 진동특성분석이다. 셋째, 동조의 수단으로 이용되는 수직기둥 액체의 높이를 변화시켜 진동특성을 분석하는 것이다. LCVA를 진동대 위에 설치하고 가진하여 제어력을 측정하여 실험 전달함수를 구하였다. 이것을 해석적인 전달함수와 비교 및 최적화작업을 수행하여 LCVA의 진동특성변수에 영향을 미치는 고유진동수, 감쇠비 및 질량비 등을 파악하였다. 실험결과, 액체 수위 및 단면적비의 변화에 따라 감쇠비 및 참여질량비의 특성이 변화하였다. 수직기둥과 수평기둥이 교차하는 엘보우에서 액체의 흐름 변화로 인하여, LCVA 실험체의 수직기둥 단면적이 작아질수록 감쇠비와 참여질량비가 증가하였다.

• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국표면공학회 2000년도 추계학술발표회 초록집
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• pp.1-2
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• 2000

In chip plating, several parameters must be taken into consideration. Current density, solution concentration, pH, solution temperature, components volume, chip and media ratio, barrel geometrical shape were most likely found to have an effect to the process yields. The 3 types of barrels utilized in chip plating industry are the onventional rotating barrel, vibrational barrel(vibarrel), and the centrifugal type. Conventional rotating barrel is a close type and is commonly used. The components inside the barrel are circulated by the barrel's rotation at a horizontal axis. Process yield has known to have higher thickness deviation. The vibrational barrel is an open type which offers a wide exposure to electrolyte resulting to a stable thickness deviation. It rotates in a vertical axis coupled with multi-vibration action to facilitate mixed up and easy transportation of components. The centrifugal barrel has its plated work centrifugally compacted against the cathode ring for superior electrical contact with simultaneous rotary motion. This experiment has determined the effect of barrel vibration intensity to the plating thickness distribution. The procedures carried out in the experiment involved the overall plating process., cleaning, rinse, Nickel plating, Tin-Lead plating. Plating time was adjusted to meet the required specification. All other parameters were maintained constant. Two trials were performed to confirm the consistency of the result. The thickness data of the experiment conducted showed thatbthe average mean value obtained from higher vibrational intensity is nearer to the standard mean. The distribution curve shown has a narrower specification limits and it has a reduced variation around the target value. Generally, intensity control in vi-barrel facilitates mixed up and easy transportation of components. However, it is desirable to maintain an optimum vibration intensity to prevent solution intrusion into the chips' internal electrode. A cathodic reaction can occur in the interface of the external and internal electrode. 2H20 + e $\rightarrow$M/TEX> 20H + H2.. Hydrogen can penetrate into the body and create pressure which can cause cracks. At high intensity, the chip's motion becomes stronger, its contact between each other is delayed and so plating action is being controlled. However, the strong impact created by its collision can damage the external electrode's structure there by resulting to bad plating condition.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.23-33
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• 2022

상시미동의 수직성분에 대한 수평성분 스펙트럼비(HVSR)는 부지 공명주파수를 파악하는데 활발히 사용되고 있다. HVSR의 가장 큰 비율을 가지는 주파수는 부지 공명주파수와 일치한다. 상시미동은 부지 주변에 존재하는 미세진동을 의미하기 때문에 직접적인 진동원을 파악할 수 없으며, 또한 조절할 수 없다. 따라서 신뢰적인 상시미동 HVSR을 구하기 위해서는 상시미동 측정에 충분한 시간적 여유와 주변 환경의 파악 또한 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 신뢰적인 HVSR 분석에 필요한 상시미동 측정 최소시간과 지진계와 인위적인 진동 사이의 이격거리의 영향을 알아보았다. 토사 부지의 경우 센서 설치 후 5분 이내에 안정화가 되었으나, 암반 부지의 경우 안정화까지 1시간 이상이 소요되었다. 또한 상시미동 관측 시 발걸음 진동이 지진계 10 m 이내에 존재할 경우 HVSR결과에 큰 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과는 현장에서 상시미동의 HVSR측정에 필요한 가이드라인을 제공할 것으로 기대된다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.213-227
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• 2023

A passive prismatic-shaped isolation platform (PIP) is proposed to realize enhanced quasi-zero stiffness (QZS) effect. The design concept uses a horizontal spring to produce a tunable negative stiffness and installs oblique springs inside the cells of the prismatic structure to provide a tunable positive stiffness. Therefore, the QZS effect can be achieved by combining the negative stiffness and the positive stiffness. To this aim, firstly, the mathematical modeling and the static analysis are conducted to demonstrate this idea and provide the design basis. Further, with the parametric study and the optimal design of the PIP, the enhanced QZS effect is achieved with widened QZS range and stable property. Moreover, the dynamic analysis is conducted to investigate the vibration isolation performance of the proposed PIP. The analysis results show that the widened QZS property can be achieved with the optimal designed structural parameters, and the proposed PIP has an excellent vibration isolation performance in the ultra-low frequency due to the enlarged QZS range. Compared with the traditional QZS isolator, the PIP shows better performance with a broader isolation frequency range and stable property under the large excitation amplitude.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제25권8호
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• pp.72-79
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• 2008

To meet demand of big capacity and high speed rotation for washing machine, more stress from bending and twisting are complexly loaded onto the shaft supporting the horizontal drum, causing problems in fracture strength and fatigue life. Shafting system is mainly divided into flange and shaft. Shaft and flange connected by inserting shaft serration into flange on the process of die casting. When the system is operating, the gap is formed between serration and flange. But, Serration has various design factors and the optimal values can't be easily determined. Using a design of experiment (DOE) based on the FEM (Finite Element Method), this study was performed investigating the interaction effect between the various design factors as well as the main effect of the each design factor under bending, twist and vibration and proposed optimum design using box-behnken method among response surface derived from regression equation of simulation-based DOE.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2004년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1802-1807
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• 2004

When a construction company builds a high structure, many piles should be driven into the ground by a hammer whose weight is 7,000 Kg in order to make the ground under the structure safe and strong. So, it is essential to determine whether a pile is penetrated into the ground enough to support the weight of the structure since ground characteristics at different locations are different each other. This paper proposes a visual measurement system for pile rebound and penetration movement including vibration using a high-speed line-scan camera and a specially designed mark to recognize two-dimensional motion parameters of the mark using only a line-scan camera. A mark stacking white and black right-angled triangles is used for the measurement, and movement information for vertical distance, horizontal distance and rotational angle is determined simultaneously

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2000년도 봄 학술발표회논문집
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• pp.308-314
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• 2000

This study explores the free, out-of-plane vibrations of horizontally circular curved beams. The differential equations governing the free vibration of such beams, including the effects of warping and rotatory inertia, are derived and solved numerically. The Runge-Kutta method and the Determinant Search method combined with Regula-Falsi method are used to integrate the differential equations and to obtain the natural frequencies, respectively. The lowest three natural frequencies are calculated over a wide range of non-dimensional system parameters: the horizontal rise to span length ratio, the slenderness ratio, the stiffness parameter, and the warping parameter. It is expected that the results obtained herein can be used practically for the design of curved member systems.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2008년도 정기 학술대회
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• pp.410-415
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• 2008

This paper presents review on human comfort criteria in major codes and standards for tall buildings. In general, human comfort criteria of tall buildings have been used by magnitude of wind-induced acceleration response. Two different indexes in determination of the magnitude have been used: the peak value which occurs during a period of time and the rms value averaged over this same period. These distinctive acceleration indexes are discussed in detail and each criterion is reviewed and compared. The distinctions arisen because of the different wave forms, or acceleration signatures are addressed. It is described that which index of acceleration should be adopted in establishment of Korean human comfort criteria. In addition, some arguments from a technical standpoint that favor the use of each index are presented.

• 소음진동
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.881-887
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• 1997

우리가 일상생활에서 사용하는 가전제품 중에서 소음 진동이 발생하여 생활에 영향을 미치는 제품으로 세탁기를 들 수 있다. 세탁기의 종류는 회전하는 축의 방향에 의해 수직축(vertical axis)과 수평축 (horizontal axis) 방식으로 나누며 국내, 일본및 동남아시아 등에서 사용하는 펄세이터식(pulsator type) 세탁기와 미국을 비롯한 미주에서 사용하는 애지테이터식(agitator type)세탁기는 전자에 속하고 유럽에서 사용하는 드럼식(drum type) 세탁기는 후자에 속한다. 드럼 세탁기의 장점은 물을 적게 사용하고, 삶는 세탁이 가능하며, 건조 기능을 갖고 있으므로 별도의 건조기가 필요없어서 공간을 절약하는 것이다. 또 빨래가 펄세이터나 애지테이터 등의 교반체와 직접 접촉하지 않기 때문에 빨래의 마모가 적다. 드럼식 세탁기의 단점으로는 가격이 펄세이터식이나 애지테이터식에 비해서 비싸고, 무게가 무거우며, 탈수시에 소음과 진동이 심하다. 특히 탈수시 발생하는 소음과 진동은 이방식의 세탁기의 가장 큰 약점이다. 지금까지는 드럼식 세탁기의 진동 소음을 감소시키려는 적극적인 노력이 없었는데, 볼밸런스를 적용한 드럽 세탁기를 개발하여 소음과 진동을 획기적으로 감소시켰다.