• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.67-73
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• 2009

The stress-strain behavior and its effects on the crack initiation and growth of ITO film on PET substrate with a sheet resistance of 45 ohms/sq were investigated. Electrical resistance increased gradually at the strain of 0.7% in the elastic to plastic transition region of the stress strain curves. Numerous cracks were observed after 1% strain and the increase of the resistance can be linked to the cracking of ITO thin films. The onset strain for the increase of resistance increased with increasing strain rate, suggesting the crack initiation is dependent on the strain rate. Upon loading, the initial cracks perpendicular to the tensile axis were observed and propagated the whole sample width with increasing strain. The spacing between horizontal cracks is thought to be determined by the fracture strength and the interfacial strength between ITO and PET. The crack density increased with increasing strain. The spacing between horizontal cracks (perpendicular to the stress axis) increased with decreasing strain rate, The increase of crack density with decreasing strain rate can be attributed to the higher fraction of the plastic strain to the total strain at a given total strain. As the strain increased over 5% strain, cracks parallel to the stress axis were developed and increased in number with strain, accompanied by drastic increases of resistance.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제11권10호
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• pp.820-825
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• 1998

We deposited stearic acid LB films by using Langmuir-Blodgett (LB)method and investigated anisotropy electrical conduction characteristics by I-V measurement for horizontal direction and vertical direction. Also, we measured gad response between deposited LB films and organic gas for various temperature(0~8$0^{\circ}C$) by 9MHz At-cut quartz crystal microbalance. The LB films have electrical conduction characteristics such as semiconducting and insulating properties. The is, the conductivity of LB films for the horizontal and vertical direction is about 10\ulcornerS/cm and 10\ulcorners/cm, respectively. the frequency shift of stearic acid LB films for the organic gases depended on the mass change by the surface adsorption and the inner penetration to the sensing films. The resonant frequency shift of the quartz crystal microbalance for temperature properties of LB films is thought to the effect of the rearrangement or the damage pf LB films above the melting point and the mobility increasement of the organic gas by the temperature rising.

• 복식
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.65-81
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• 2006

This is the study on the costumes of Parthian Period in Persia which had powerful influences on the Occidental and Western cultures in B.C 3 to A.D 3. With different types of Parthian costumes in each period, this study shows what types of costumes people used to wear and how they were co-related with its surrounding cultures. The ancient costumes of Korea had something to do with the elements of the Northern part at that time. To make an intensive study of Korean ancient costumes, these Parthian costumes which are known to those of northern nomadic tribes are studied to provide basis elements for study between the Korean styles and the exotic styles. The basic forms of the Parthian styles were jackets and trousers. They consisted of three kinds of jackets such as those to be adjusted In the front, tunics and coats. As for trousers, they were divided into three types such as those with horizontal pleats, round-side pleats and vertical pleats. 1) The jacket to be adjusted in the front was long enough to reach the hip and fit the body reasonably tight, and its neckline was shaped into V-type. It was a very popular style among the people of high and low classes. 2) The tunics had narrow sleeves. It was a one-piece pattern which reached the knees. It was settled with a belt on the waist. Its neckline was shaped into the round but its slit was not cleat. Its styles were into tight-fit and drapery ones. 3) The coats were almost similar to the jacket to be adjusted in the front with short length, but they were entirely long and open. They appeared later than the short jackets and the people of high class seemed to wear these styles. 4) 1'rousers with horizontal pleats - They had almost horizontal pleats on them, and they were a little tight. They seemed to be the early style in the Parthian period. 5) Trousers with round side-pleats - With saggy side pleats on them, these trousers had round pleats like a drapery style. This pattern was also considered Hellenistic elements shown in the Parthian costumes. The trousers consisted of the underdrawers and the leggings (called salwar or shalwar), which is thought to emphasize its functionality for its wearer to mount a horse with more ease. 6) Trousers with vertical pleats - With straight vertical pleats on them, these trousers had some volumes and bias decorations in the middle of them. These styles were thought to be worn by the ruling class of the Parthia from early to late period.

• 대한관절경학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.147-150
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• 1998

We reviewed the charts and photos taken during arthroscpy of 218 knees of 214 patients(240 menisci) retrospectively. The male was 156 cases(73%) and the female 58 cases(27%). The mean age of the patients was 35 years(range, 7-68). The patients who had definite trauma history were classified as trauma group(Group 1), and the patients who had no or could not recall trauma history were as atrauma group(Group 2). The trauma group was subclassified into the the patients with sports injury, traffic accident, fall down, slip down, direct injury, and miscellaneous according to the causes of the trauma. The patterns of meniscal tear were classified into longitudinal, bucket-handle, horizontal, transverse, flap, complex, and degenerative tear on the basis of O'Connor's classification. The aim of this study was to compare the meniscal tear patterns between trauma group(Group 1) and atrauma group(Group 2) and between the patients before and after the age of 40. The results were as follows ; 1) The difference in the incidence of tear between medial and lateral meniscus was not significant statistically. 2) In Group 1, 60% of the cases showed the longitudinal and bucket-handle tear and 52% of the cases of Group 2 were horizontal tear. 3) In the patients before the age of 40, the longitudinal and bucket-handle tear were 52% of the cases and in the patients over 40, tear patterns which were thought to be related to degenerative change, horizontal and degenerative tear were more than half of the cases (51%).

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제23권9호
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• pp.97-105
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to analyze the measurement data of 13 ~ 18 year old male students and to characterize the body shape of the lower body, Through this, I tried to provide basic data for the production of pants for adolescent men's students. As a result of analyzing the body shape factor of the lower half, two factors were classified. 'Vertical factor' of the lower body composed of the circumference, thickness, and width, and the 'horizontal factor' of the lower body composed of the length and height. The body shape of the lower half was classified into four categories according to the circumference and length of the lower half of the male students, such as 'short bird legs', 'long crane legs', 'short pillar' and 'long pillar'. In the study of Hong Eun-hee (2005), body type was classified according to horizontal factor and vertical factor like this study. By age, boys aged 13 to 14 can see that the lower body is thin and short, the lower body is thin and long body is 15-16 years old, and the lower body is relatively thick and long body is 17-18 years old. As the age increases, the growth in the vertical direction occurs first and the growth in the horizontal direction occurs. It is thought that it is necessary to set a different amount of allowance for setting the length and the circumference according to the age of the youth. When the age is young, the amount of allowance in the circumferential direction should be increased, and the amount of allowance in the longitudinal direction after 15 years of age should be increased more than other age groups.

• 서비스연구
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2019

본 연구는 선행연구들에 이어서 서비스철학 정립을 위해 서양 대표사상의 서비스철학성을 고찰하였다. 선행 연구들을 참조하여 서비스철학의 구조와 운용모델을 종합하여 제시하고, 서양 대표사상의 서비스철학성을 분석하였다. 시대별로 서양 대표사상을 분석하였는데, 고대 지중해 철학, 아테네철학을 서비스구조 관점에서 상세히 분석하고, 근대 사상과 현대사상은 서비스 운용모델 정합성 관점에서 자세히 분석하였다. 서비스의 무형성과 과정성 특징이 서양 대표사상의 세계관과 부합하는지를 분석하고, 서비스의 본질적 특성인 관계성, 쌍방향성, 수평성, 조화성이 서양대표사상에서 공통적으로 강조되고 있는지를 분석하였다. 또한 서비스의 나선형 발전 모델이 서양대표사상에서의 세계 발전 모델과 정합되는지도 고찰하였다. 고대 사상에서 근대사상까지 주류 사상들은 대립물의 변증법적 발전을 강조하고 있어 서비스의 태극형 기본 구조가 서양 사상에서의 세계의 운행구조와 부합되고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 고대에서 현대 사상에 이르기까지 순환론과 과정론이 중심사상으로 나타나고 있어 프로세스가 가치를 창출하는 서비스 운용모델과 일관성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 관계성과 조화성은 대다수의 서양사상가들이 세상의 근본 운행원리로 제시하고 있으며, 쌍방향성과 수평성도 세상의 이상적인 운영모델로 제시되고 있다. 서양 대표사상들을 활용하여 서비스철학을 보다 심화시킬 수 있으며, 인류사회를 이끌어가는 사상으로서 서비스철학이 중심 역할을 할 수 있음이 확인되었다. 향후 신경제사회의 중심사상으로서 서비스철학의 구조와 운용원리를 완성하기 위한 후속 연구들이 필요하다. 미래 경제사회 발전을 견인하는 큰 사상으로서 서비스철학 완성 연구가 필요하다.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.231-234
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• 1999

Until several years ago we didn't think seriously about cervical problems as a cause of headaches, but since the publication of articles by Bogduk et al they have gotten more attention. Cervical headaches are associated with movement abnormalities of the structures of the neck such as cervical nerve roots, discs, joints and soft tissues. Considering this, we thought that the atlanto-axial joint could be one of the causes of these headaches. Headaches originating from this joint can be recognized by the fact that the pain worsens with rotation of the head in the horizontal plane. Pain can also be referred to the frontal area or around the orbit. We did atlanto-axial joint blocks using a posterior approach on 10 patients who suffered from this type of headache. The results were promising with 9 out of 10 patients showing more than 50% improvement on the numeric rating scale. There were no serious complications observed. We concluded that the atlanto-axial joint block can be an effective procedure in treating this specific type of headache.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2002년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.157-162
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• 2002

This study is intended to present a reference data for effective quality control of concrete through comparing the rebound value of P type schmidt hammer with the compressive strength with variation of mix proportion and curing condition. According to the results, the air-curing specimen shows the higher rebound value than standard specimen except high strength in the whole. Also the vertical stroke shows higher rebound value than horizontal stroke in standard specimen, however, the rebound value of the two does not show prominent difference in air-curing specimen. The estimation equation of compressive strength derived from this experiment estimates the compressive strength more largely than the estimation equation in P type schmidt hammer manual. Therefore it is thought that the new estimation equation that fits our condition will have to be presented.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.678-683
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• 2003

Ultrasonic method using SH(shear horizontal) wave has been developed to determine the surface damage in fatigued material. Fatigue damages based on propagation energy were analyzed by multiregression analysis and phase measurement in interrupted fatigue test specimen including CrMoV and 12Cr alloy steel. From the test results, as the fatigue damage increased the propagation time of the launched waves increased and amplitude of wavelet decreased. Also, analysis for the waveform modulation showed a reliable estimation, with confidence limit of 97% for 12Cr steel and 95% for CrMoV steel, respectively. Therefore, It is thought that SH ultrasonic wave technique can be applied to determine fatigue damage of in-service component nondestructively.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2019

As many architects and visionaries have shown over a period spanning more than a century, the re-creation of the urban realm in the sky through connections between buildings at height has a vast potential for the enrichment of our cities. To many it seems nonsensical that, although the $20^{th}$ and now $21^{st}$ century, have clearly seen a push towards greater height and urban density in our major urban centers, the ground-pavement level remains almost exclusively the sole physical plane of connection. As the world rapidly urbanizes, greater thought needs to be expended on how horizontal space can be developed at height. This paper briefly describes the history, present classifications and uses, and potential future development potential of skybridges between tall buildings.