• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.55-64
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• 2017

The problem of the population number of honeybees that is decreasing not only domestically but also globally, has a great influence on human beings and the entire ecosystem. The habitat of honeybees is recognized to be superior in urban environment rather than rural environment, and predicting for habitat assessment and conservation is necessary. Based on this, we targeted Cheonan City and neighboring administrative areas where the distribution of agricultural areas, urban areas, and forest areas is displayed equally. In order to predict the habitat preferred by honeybees, we apply the Maxent model what based on the presence information of the species. We also selected 10 environmental variables expected to influence honeybees habitat environment through literature survey. As a result of constructing the species distribution model using the Maxent model, 71.7% of the training data were shown on the AUC(Area Under Cover) basis, and it was be confirmed with an area of 20.73% in the whole target area, based on the 50% probability of presence of honeybees. It was confirmed that the contribution of the variable has influence on land covering, distance from the forest, altitude, aspect. Based on this, the possibility of honeybee's habitat characteristics were confirmed to be higher in wetland environment, in agricultural land, close to forest and lower elevation, southeast and west. The prediction of these habitat environments has significance as a lead research that presents the habitat of honeybees with high conservation value of ecosystems in terms of urban space, and it will be useful for future urban park planning and conservation area selection.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제64권2호
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• pp.141-151
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• 2021

Insects affect crop harvest yield and quality, making plant response mechanisms to insect herbivores a heavily studied topic. However, analysis of plant responses to honeybees is rare. In this study, comprehensive metabolic profiling of Arabidopsis thaliana exposed to honeybees was performed to investigate which metabolites were changed by the insect. A total of 85 metabolites-including chlorophylls, carotenoids, glucosinolates, policosanols, tocopherols, phytosterols, β-amyrin, amino acids, organic acids, sugars, and starch-were identified using high performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The metabolite profiling analysis of Arabidopsis exposed to honeybees showed higher levels of stress-related metabolites. The levels of glucosinolates (glucoraphanin, 4-methoxyglucobrassicin), policosanols (eicosanol, docosanol, tricosanol, tetracosanol), tocopherols (β-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol), putrescine, lysine, and sugars (arabinose, fructose, glucose, mannitol, mannose, raffinose) in Arabidopsis exposed to honeybees were higher than those in unexposed Arabidopsis. Glucosinolates act as defensive compounds against herbivores; policosanols are components of plant waxes; tocopherols act as an antioxidant; and putrescine, lysine, and sugars contribute to stress regulation. Our results suggest that Arabidopsis perceives honeybees as a stress and changes its metabolites to overcome the stress. This is the first step to determining how Arabidopsis reacts to exposure to honeybees.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.271-278
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• 1993

꿀벌의 수분작용이 콩 품종별 수량 및 수량구성요소에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 1990년부터 1991년까지 2년간 경북농촌진흥원 망사하우스에서 단엽콩, 무한콩, 황금콩, 밀양콩, 팔달콩 및 단경콩의 6개품종을 공시하여 꿀벌을 방사처리 하여 조사한 실험 결과는 다음과 같다. 콩꽃에 대한 꿀벌의 방화회수는 노지포장에 비해 방사구에서 58% 많았으며 시간별로는 노지포장, 방사구 모두 오전 10시에 가장 많았다. 주당협수 및 결협율은 무방사구에 비해 방사구가 증가 되었는데, 팔달콩과 단경콩과 무한콩은 3립협 비율이, 황금콩과 밀양콩은 1립협 비율이 증가 되었으나 팔달콩과 단경콩은 3립협 비율이 감소되었다. 그러나 2립협 비율은 품종간에 일정한 경향이 없었다. 콩수량은 무방사구에 비해 방사구가 0~12% 증수되었는데, 특히 팔달콩과 단경콩은 꿀벌 방사에 의한 중수효과가 컸었다. 콩 hybrid주 비율은 무방사구에 비해 방사구에서 증가되었는데 팔달콩과 단경콩에서 hybrid주 비율이 높았다. 콩 개화기간과 hybrid주 비율과는 부의 상관관계가 인정되었다.

• 한국양봉학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.239-250
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• 2018

We investigated the pollination activity of honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) in terms of different climatic conditions in the greenhouse cultivation of watermelons (Citrullus lanatus L.) during winter. The aim of the study was to search a climatic condition which effectively can be use honeybees as pollinators during the flowering season of watermelons in winter or early spring. The average climatic conditions inside the greenhouse during the bee activity time (BAT)-between 10:00 and 16:00 in mid-Februarywere a temperature of $30.4^{\circ}C$, relative humidity of 53.7%, illuminance level of 22,728.4lx, and UV level of $0.233mW/cm^2$. Bee traffic and foraging activity were at their greatest at 10:00 and tended to decrease with time. Male watermelon flowers typically dehisced between 10:00 and 12:00. Climatic conditions were significantly correlated with bee activities, including bee traffic and foraging activity. Bee activities were positively correlated with temperature, illuminance level, and UV level but negatively correlated with relative humidity. Temperature had the greatest effect on honeybee behavior. Among the foraging honeybees, the number of high-flying bees that did not pollinate flowers showed a strong positive correlation with temperature, and the number of bees landing on the flowers showed a positive correlation with the UV level. The temperature range inside greenhouses at which the pollination activities of honeybees can be maintained efficiently during winter watermelon pollination was found to be $21{\sim}25^{\circ}C$.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.57-59
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• 2015

This study was carried out to investigate the Sacbrood virus (SBV) of Korean native honeybees causing serious damage in Jeonbuk area. Korean native honeybees completing the after overwinter 60 farms and March to April active phase adult bees and larvae 52 farms were collected from farms in 7 counties. Active phase of the adult bees 39 (75.0%) and larvae 24 (46.2%) farms was infected with SBV in 52 farms. This result indicate that SBV was the highest in Imsil-gun than other areas.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.367-374
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• 2015

The aim of this study was to assess the occurrence and foraging of social and other wasps and bees in Jirisan National Park (JNP, South Korea), in particular in an apiary. Sixty one traps were placed in the southwestern part of JNP to identify social wasps from July to September 2014, and the damage to the apiary caused by wasps or bees was observed once a month from May to December 2014 between 10 a.m. and 5 p.m. In total, 10 species of Vespidae were collected by trapping. Vespa crabro was the most abundant (245 individuals, 28.3%), followed by Vespa velutina (162 individuals, 18.7%). In the apiary, however, V. velutina was the most frequent species. V. velutina visited a maximum of 167 times a day in September, which corresponded to one visit in 2.5 min. Accordingly, these data are in line with the most serious impact of V. velutina on the apiaries in South Korea. V. simillima was the second most frequent species; both Vespa species hawked honeybees. Even though the occurrence of V. mandarinia was low, this species caused serious damage by mass slaughter of honeybees. The occurrence of V. crabro, V. analis and V. ducalis was quite low and their impact on honeybees was negligible. There have been few reports of V. dybowskii foraging for honeybees, but they are considered to be a new pest because their impact on apiaries is considerable. Most Vespa species attacked the apiary from June to October, with a maximum in September. However, V. velutina visited until November to early December. Vespula species are not more serious pests than Vespa species, but many adults were observed stealing honey from beehives. Polistes, Orancistrocerus, and Bombus species had no impact on honeybee colonies in the apiary.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.511-517
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• 2022

Recently, due to rapid climate change, the population of honey bees has decreased, posing a great threat to the existence of the Earth's ecosystem. In particular, the colony collapse phenomenon in which bees disappeared nationwide in early 2022 had devastating consequences for beekeepers. In order to solve the problems of beekeeping due to climate change, it is urgent to develop a system that can monitor the situation inside the hive through various IoT sensors. This paper develops a system that can measure the activity of bees inside the hive and uses it to measure the number of times of entry and exit of the hive. The data measured by the developed system can be monitored in real time on a smartphone through the cloud server. The system developed in this paper can monitor the ecology of bees according to climate change and measure internal and external bee activities. Using this method, it is possible to check in advance for the colony collapse phenomenon in which bees disappeared in early 2022. This is very meaningful in that it presents an alternative that can identify the cause of the problem through early detection.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.40.1-40.12
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• 2021

Background: The microsporidian parasite Nosema ceranae is a global problem in honeybee populations and is known to cause winter mortality. A sensitive and rapid tool for stable quantitative detection is necessary to establish further research related to the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of this pathogen. Objectives: The present study aimed to develop a quantitative method that incorporates ultra-rapid real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (UR-qPCR) for the rapid enumeration of N. ceranae in infected bees. Methods: A procedure for UR-qPCR detection of N. ceranae was developed, and the advantages of molecular detection were evaluated in comparison with microscopic enumeration. Results: UR-qPCR was more sensitive than microscopic enumeration for detecting two copies of N. ceranae DNA and 24 spores per bee. Meanwhile, the limit of detection by microscopy was 2.40 × 10⁴ spores/bee, and the stable detection level was ≥ 2.40 × 10⁵ spores/bee. The results of N. ceranae calculations from the infected honeybees and purified spores by UR-qPCR showed that the DNA copy number was approximately 8-fold higher than the spore count. Additionally, honeybees infected with N. ceranae with 2.74 × 10⁴ copies of N. ceranae DNA were incapable of detection by microscopy. The results of quantitative analysis using UR-qPCR were accomplished within 20 min. Conclusions: UR-qPCR is expected to be the most rapid molecular method for Nosema detection and has been developed for diagnosing nosemosis at low levels of infection.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제31권7호
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• pp.686-697
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• 2021

프로폴리스는 꿀벌에 의해 생산된 수지 물질로 벌집을 보호하기 위해 사용되어 왔다. 꿀벌은 다양한 나무와 식물에서 배출된 수분을 침과 밀랍과 섞어서 프로폴리스를 생산한다. 프로폴리스는 기원전 300년경부터 상처를 치료하는 민간요법으로 사용되어 왔다. 프로폴리스에는 플라보노이드, 페놀계 화합물, 밀랍과 같은 많은 생리 활성 화합물이 포함되어 있다. 프로폴리스의 기능적 요소들 때문에, 프로폴리스에는 생물학적 응용을 위한 넓은 스펙트럼이 있다. 프로폴리스와 프로폴리스의 생물학적 활동의 화합물은 각각 과즙의 출처와 추출 방법에 따라 달라질 수 있다. 프로폴리스의 박테리아, 바이러스, 곰팡이를 포함한 반미생물 활동이 가장 잘 알려진 특징이다. 면역조절 메커니즘의 경우 아르테필린 C와 카페인산 페네틸에스테르가 주로 조절 화합물로 확인되었으며 각 화합물은 염증 반응을 감소시키고 T 림프구에 면역억제 반응을 일으킨다. 프로폴리스는 항염증 효과를 통해 암세포 증식 억제, 종양 신호 전달 캐스케이드 차단, 항혈관신생 등 항종양 활성을 보였다. 그러나 프로폴리스의 더 많은 응용을 위해서는 과즙의 원천 분석, 프로폴리스 화합물의 식별, 프로폴리스 분자 메커니즘, 화합물 시너지 효과의 조사가 더 필요할 것으로 보인다.

• 한국잠사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국잠사학회 2006년도 제49회 춘계 학술연구 발표회
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• pp.18-18
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• 2006