• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.165-176
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the needs of home care nursing services in relation to the patients in hospital. Method: Subjects were 129 patients who admitted hospital and were selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected using the Home Health Care Need Assessment Questionnaire constructed by the Korea Health Industry Development Institute. Data were analyzed using SAS 8.12 program by applying percentage. Results: 1. According to the diagnosis of the subjects, the majority had cancer (25.0%), followed by musculoskeletal disease (15,6%), neuro/cerebral vascular disease (14.1%), digestive (10.9%) and respiratory disease (10.9%). 2. With regard to fundamental nursing service, subjects wanted to receive home care services for the following reasons: Problem identification and diagnosis (77.5%), vital sign check (49.6%); and intake and output measure (20.9%). 3. With regard to clinical laboratory tests, 62.8% wanted to receive blood tests, and followed by urine tests 26.4%, and wound drainage 26.4%. 4. With regard to medication and treatment service, 40.3% of the subjects wanted to receive intravenous fluid therapy, 26.4% intravenous antibiotics, and 26.4% the monitoring of fluid therapy. 5. With regard to therapeutic nursing service, 33.3% wanted to receive wound care, 26.4% ROM exercise, and 27.9% foley catheter change and care. 6. With regard to educational needs, 42.6% wanted education on infection monitoring, 41.4% on medication, and 34.9% on diet. 7. With regard to counseling needs, 65.9% wanted to receive telephone counseling about patient condition, 52.7% counseling about re-admission and 51.9% direct counseling about patient condition. In the group of injury and toxicity, and cardiovascular/circulatory diseases, 100% wanted telephone and direct counseling about the patient condition. Conclusion: Therefore, in order to improve the quality of hospital based home health care services, various factors that affect to the need of home health care should be analyzed and specified nursing care should be looked into.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.27-41
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to discern the level of satisfaction of postpartum care in hospitals. the level of importance of traditional postpartum care and the need for home health care for postpartum women. The study's design was to obtain data needed to develop a community-based postpartum care program and to improve the quality of nursing for postpartum care recipients. Data for the study was collected from 1 March to 31 June 2000 from 116 postpartum care recipients treated in Chung-Buk, Korea. Data analysis consisted of frequency, percentage, t-test, and ANOVA. using SPSS win program. The results the of analysis were as follows: 1) The level of satisfaction of postpartum care in the hospital (mean 1.31) was very low. The most laudable items of nursing care by category were: moderate satisfaction with 'perineal wound care' (2.04) and 'afterpain observation'(2.09). The overall level of satisfaction of postpartum care in the hospital. however, was very low. 2) Among other items of postpartum care in the hospital, 'postpartum exercise' $(25.9\%)$. 'assessment and support for postpartum depression' $(25.9\%)$, 'operation wound care for women who underwent Caesarean sections' $(24.5\%)$. and 'contraception and family planning' $(20.4\%)$ showed a need for home health care for postpartum care recipients above $20\%$. 3) The level of importance of traditional postpartum care (Sanhujori) was relatively high (mean 2.72). The importance of Sanhujori by category was as followed: 'the fourth principle: protecting the body from harmful strains' was the highest (2.88), 'the third principle: eating well', 'the first principle: invigorating the body by augmenting heat and avoiding cold', 'the second principle: resting without working', 'the fifth principle: keeping clean' and 'the sixth principle: handling with the whole heart' showed 2.85, 2.80, 2.70, 2.51 and 2.46 respectively. 4) The need for home health care with Sanhujori was very low. 5) The relationship between demographic factors and the level of satisfaction with postpartum care in the hospital was as follows: the satisfaction levels were significantly different among' delivery frequency' and 'health status' alteration after delivery'. 6) The relationship between demographic factors and the importance of the Sanhujori category was as follows: There were no significant differences in the level of importance of the first and the forth principle of Sanhujori. The level of importance of the second principle of Sanhujori was significantly different among 'income' and 'family type'. The level of importance of the third principle of Sanhujori was significantly different among 'having a boy'. The level of importance of the fifth principle of Sanhujori was significantly different among 'income' and 'feeding type'. The level of importance of the sixth principle of Sanhujori was significantly different among 'education background' and 'feeding type'. In conclusion. the findings of this study illustrate the nursing needs of postpartum care recipients. It provides a challenge to caregivers in the healthcare industry to develop a continuous postpartum care program and integrative postpartum care system that embodies the oriental and western paradigm for the promotion of women's health.

• The Korean Nurse
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.77-99
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• 1992

The study was carried out at W. hospital, an affiliated hospital of Y university, involved a total of 163 patients who were discharged from the hospital between May 1990 und March 199J. Data collection was twice, just prior to discharge and a minimum of three months post discharge. Thirty patients who lived within a hour travel time of the hospital received home care during the three months post discharge. Nursing diagnoses and nursing interventions For these patients were analyzed in this study. The results of the study are summarized as follows : 1. Discharge needs for the subjects of the study were analyzed using Gordon's eleven Functional categories and it was found that 48.3% of the total sample had identified nursing needs. Of these, the needs most frequently identified were in the categories of sexuality, 79.3 %, health perception, 68.2 % self concept, 62.5 %, and sleep and rest 62.5 %. Looking ut j he nursing diagnosis that were made for the 30 patients receiving home care, the following diagnoses were the most frequently given; alteration in sexual pattern 79.3%, alterations in health maintenance, 72.6%, alteration in comfort, 68.0%, depression, 64.0%, noncompliance with diet therapy, 6.3.7%, alteration in self concept, 55.6%, and alteration in sleep pattern, 53%. 2. In looking at the effects of home nursing care as demonstrated by changes in the functional categories over the three month period, it was Found that of the 11 functional categories, the need level for health perception, nutrition, activity and self concept decreased slightly over the three month period. On the average sleep patterns improved, but restfulness was slightly less and bowel elimination patterns improved but satisfaction with urinary elimination was slightly less. On the other hand, role enactment, sexuality, stress management and spirituality decreased slightly. The only results that were statistically significant at the 0.05 level were improvement. in digestion and decrease in pain. No statistically significant changes were found in ability related to ADL, the total ADL Score at discharge was $19.78{\pm}8.234, and after 3 months $19.01{\pm}8.12$. Considering that a majority of the patients were over 60 years of age and that many had brain or spinal cord injuries, the fact that their ADL ability did nor deteriorate after discharge can be interpreted as related to a positive impact by the home health care nurses. Similarly there was a slight be not statistically significant decrease in the quality of life scores between the two lest times(l47.83 at discharge and 113.02 at the three month period). Again, when the chronic nature of thee problems facing these patients is considered this maintenance of quality of life can be interpreted as a positive impact by the home health care nurses. 3. One of the home care nursing activities was diagnosis. For this activity it was found that for nine functional health categories(sexuality and spirituality excepted) there were 20 nursing diagnoses. The most frequent were noncompliance, alteration in skin integrity both actual and potential, and impaired physical mobility in that order. 4. Delivery of home health care by the home health nurses included the following nursing activities; assessment, patient education, demonstration of care activities, counselling, direct care to the patient and referrals. Direct care included changing dressings, bladder irrigations, changing Foley catheters, measurement of residual urine, perineal care, position change, back care, oral hygiene, exercise and massage of motion exercises, cleansing enemas, tracheostomy suctioning and tracheostomy care, care of dentures, applications of heat and other similar nursing activities. In conclusion almost 50% of (he sample indicated a need for continued nursing care at the time of discharge and for the patients in the sample who received home care there was a slight decrease in nursing needs but while the patients had chronic and debilitation problems there was ill decrease in ADL abilities or in quality of life. Further study needs Lo be done La increase the reliability and validity of the tool that was used to measure home health care needs. It is also recommended that study by done using a randomized sampling with a control group to compare patients who receive home care with those who do not.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.5-13
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• 2002

This study was conducted to assess need for education on the infection control by examining the knowledge on infection control in home care of the home care trainees who had completed an infection control course. Using 64 items questionnaire. home care trainees of eight home care education institutions who took classes related with infection control. The level of knowledge evaluated subjectively was 4.24point (full mark: 5 point). The correct answer rates for handwashing and gloving. cleaning patients' rooms. preventing sharp injury, preventing exposure to potential infectious agents, home care bag technique were 84.5% 86.4% 70.7% 65.3% 76.2% representatively. For the knowledge on the infection control principles to prevent catheter related infection, indwelling catheter related infection, tracheal tube related pneumonia. L-tube related infection, oxygen therapy related infection. and wound infection were 62.8% 27.8% 39.1% 87.8% 76.5% 80.5% representatively. The correct answer rates varied depending upon the educational institutes (p< = .0001), educational levels (p= .001), workplaces (p<.0001), and the experience of infection control education (p= .001). Considering these results. a standardized curriculum must be developed and implemented after analyzing the existing infection control curricula of the home care education institutes. and guide books for infection control in home care should be developed and distributed. In addition. continuous infection control education be provided to the home care nurses through reeducation so they can acquire new knowledge needed for carrying out infection control activities effectively.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.131-139
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• 2002

The proportion of the aged people in Korea has increased rapidly by more than 7% in 2000. A survey says that the changing rate from the aging society to the aged is the highest among the OECD countries. The prevalence rate of the aged population is on the increase. Chronic diseases such as arthritis and strokes limits their body's functions and activities of daily living. It is necessary that functional training. ADL training and continuous treatment be provided by Physical or Occupational Therapists. Discontinuance of treatment can cause the aged people to be in a bed state. The aged people need a variety of home care services at their convenience. Occupational and Physical therapist should play a major role in providing the rehabilitation-base home care services. Further they are expected to contribute to the extension of health care services such as home care and nursing home programs.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.26-38
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to estimate home care nursing cost for the patient with Cerebrovascular Disease based on a bundle of home care nursing services This study was conducted through four steps. The first step was to investigate home care nursing activities that were offered to the patient with Cerebrovascular Disease(CD) by home care nurse. The second step was to investigate the time spent on home care nursing service and to calculate labor and manufacturing cost. The third step was to calculate home care nursing cost per minute. And at the fourth step, home care nursing cost for a patient with Cerebrovascular Disease based on a bundle of home care nursing service was calculated. The results of the study were as follows: 1) The number of direct home care nursing activities for the patient with CD was 108, and the time of each activity was spent from 1 to 10 minutes. 2) Average time per visit was 51 minute, and the firs visit time were spent 1.6 times higher than 2nd visit time. 3) Nursing cost per minute(cost per visit ${\\}\;22,565\;\div\;$ average time per visit 51 minutes) was ${\\}\;442$. The cost per visit was calculated on Basic visiting cost(nurse's labor cost ${\\}\;15,760$ + management cost ${\\}\;6,805$) divided by average time per visit(51 minutes). 4) Home care nursing cost to the patient with CD based on bundle of home care nursing service was consisted of basic home care nursing cost, the cost of a bundle of service practiced on visit. and transportation fee. Basic home nursing cost(the time spent on basic home nursing service 20 minutes ${\times}$ nursing cost per minute ${\\}\;442$) was ${\\}\;8,840$. The cost of the bundle of home care nursing services to the patient with CD was calculated as self care ${\\}\;2.898$, Tracheostomy care ${\\}\;10,166$, immobility care ${\\}\;6,188$, sore care ${\\}\;6,188$. Foley care ${\\}\;6,630$, and Levin tube or Gastrostomy care ${\\}\;7.514$. Transportation fee which was composed of the labor cost for transportation(${\\}\;5,122$) and the car management cost(${\\}\;3.876$) was ${\\}\;8,998$. Home care nursing cost to the patient with CD based on bundle of home care nursing services consisted of basic home care nursing cost, the cost of a bundle of service practiced on visit, and transportation fee. It will contribute to improve quality of home care service, because of giving appreciate incentives to home care nurses. And it will be more efficient than current cost of hospital based home care. But it need to management than calculation of the current fee-for-services of home care.

• Journal of Korean Medical Ki-Gong Academy
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.181-206
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• 2002

Puerperants need postpartum care for the recovery to the condition before pregnancy. The postpartum care used to be done at home however, nuclear families and the industrialization of society brought postpartum care home, postpartum care home has two major problems; first, there is no rules and regulations for postpartum care home. Second, no reasonable guidelines of postpartum care home exist. This study inquires into those problems and directions of legalization and reasonable guidelines of postpartum care home. In sum, the legal system for the postpartum care home has to be built and the supervision has to be done by the specialist, in particular, by the oriental medical doctor. The postpartum care home should be supervised for the healthy rehabilitation of puerperants mental, social health as well as their bodies. Also the neonate that has wick immune system requires special care for the prevention of infection and for the adaptation to the environment.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.439-452
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• 2000

This study sought to figure out women's needs during early postpartum for developing adequate nursing intervention toward postpartal women's healthy adaptation. A convenience sample of 89 women who are in the early postpartal period and admitted in a university hospital located in Seoul, Korea was studied from July 1, 1999 to August 13. 1999. 1. The age group of 26-30 years was 52.8% and the level of education above high school 91%. 67.6% of women had no job, 62.9% had experienced one time of delivery, and 52.8% had no experience of abortion. 2. 31.5% of women received prenatal education, 44.9% only postpartal education. 77.5% of women planned breast-feeding, and 53.9% of women had an experience of breast-feeding during hospital stay. For the feeling of confidence related to the self-care, 27% only expressed 'yes. I have' and 59.5% 'just a little bit'. For the feeling of confidence related to the baby rearing, 29.2% only expressed 'yes. I have' and 60.7% 'just a little bit'. 3. The rate of postpartal women's mother as a preferred non-professional care giver was the highest, 75.3%. The rate of the style of Sanhujori highly preferred and planned at this time was at postpartal women's maiden home or her home with mother, 58.4%, 47.7% respectively. It shows that women still wish to have traditional Sanhuiori at home. 4. The mean of nursing need of postpartal women was 4.25% and it means that universally the degree of nursing need during postpartum is still high. General nursing need (4.29) was higher than that of traditional Sanhujori (4.09), however, the need of Sanhujori is still high. 5. Specifically, the degree of nursing need according to the category of needs was 'educational need for baby rearing,' 4.43; 'emotional-psychological care', 4.41; 'environmental care,' 4.31; 'self-care,' 4.14; and 'physical care,' 3.85 in rank. The educational need core of the specific method about Sanhuiori (4.35) was second to the highest among 15 items of self-care. 6. The related factors to the degree of nursing need were age to physical care; educational level, plan of breast feeding and experience of breast feeding during hospital stay to emotional-psychological care; and the feeling of confidence in baby rearing to environmental care. 7. There was highly positive correlation between the degree of traditional Sanhujori need and general care need(r=.77). This result strongly reflects that there is a necessity of professional care givers' capability to consider the integrative care reflecting the socio-cultural need for women's healthy adaptation during postpartum. It provides a challenge to the professional care givers to research further on the effects of Sanhuiori on the health status, health recovery after abortion or delivery from the various aspects through the cross-sectional and longitudinal research for the refinement of the reality of Sanhuiori not only as cultural phenomenon but as an inseparable factor influencing on women's postpartal healthy adaptation and for the appropriateness of intervention and quality of care for desirable health outcome.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.135-143
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• 2010

Purpose: The study analyzed continuing educational needs with the aim of developing continuing education program for home healthcare nurse specialists. Methods: A convenience sample of 101 home healthcare nurse specialists affiliated with 89 home health care agencies in Seoul, Busan, Dae-gu, Inchon, Jeonnam, Keongnam was used. Data was collected with a self-report questionnaire from May 10-31, 2010, and analyzed with descriptive statistics using SAS 9.13 program. Results: Of the participants, 88.1% reported that continuing education was necessary and 58.2% reported that the education was needed for peak job performance. The participants also reported that it would be proper if continuing education is given on a Saturday(56.4%) by home healthcare institute(49.5%) or homecare nurses association (38.6%) for 1-3 months(56.4%). The participants scored more than 3.0 in the current performance at six of the seven home healthcare nurse specialist roles, and scored more than 3.5 in the necessity of continuing education for seven roles in 47 jobs. Conclusion: Various programs for continuing education have to be developed and need to focused on the jobs needed for home healthcare nurse specialist and the most frequent disease. For this purpose, every home healthcare organization has to select their unique area and develop their own educational program. Furthemore, home healthcare nurses association has to build an education operating system that incorporates all program aspects.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.91-97
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• 2007

Purpose: This thesis focuses on researching the burden of the Home Health Care that the Family Care-givers have. Method: This study had been conducted for the duration of 3 consecutive months from January 2006 to March 2006 and had investigated 120 person registered as the Home Health Care Clients to a University Hospital located in Incheon City. The thesis adopted the 'feeling of burden' measuring method jointly developed by Seo, Mi-Hye and Oh, Ga-Sil(1993), and FACES-III(Family Adaptability Cohesion Evaluation) developed by Olson(1985) etc. translated by Kim, Yun-Hee(1989) as the measuring method for Family Function. Result: The overall Health Status of the Home Health Care Clients was 2.18 point of average out of 3 point, where as 1.83 for Activities of Daily living and 1.98 for Vital sign, which are below the average. In the mean time, the Competence for Modified Barthel Index marked 30.88 point out of the full mark. The analyzed result of the burden that the family members have was 3.43 point of average out of 5 point which shows that the interviewee feel that they are considerable burden to their families. When it comes to 'the Burden to the family members' and 'the Function of the family' according to the characteristics of the patient, the result shows statistically significant differences, which are varied according to gender, the relationship between the care-givers and the patients. When it comes to the Family Cohesion, the difference was examined as 'statistically significant' according to the Academic background of the patients and the relationship between the patients and the interviewee.(p<0.05). The result also suggests that there exists 'Negative correlation' among the level of patients' health status, the Family Cohesion and the Family Burden. Conclusion: From the result of this study stated above, this thesis is strongly insisting that there is an urgent need for us to develop a health care mediation program, which could eventually reduce the burden of home health care that the patients' family have. At the same time, a follow-up research to prove the effect of the program is imminent.