• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.494-497
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• 2003

The study was carried out in Sahiwal, Holstein Friesian, Jersey and crossbred cattle and Murrah, Bhadwari, Jaffarabadi, Nagpuri and Surti buffaloes maintained at different organized herds to work out the polymorphism at growth hormone locus and study its effect on birth weight. A 223 bp fragment of the gene was amplified and digested with Alu I restriction enzyme. Two alleles, L and V with three genotypes LL, LV and VV were observed in Jersey, Holstein and cross bred cattle. Sahiwal cattle and buffalo were monomorphic for this locus producing only one genotype LL and one allele L. The frequency of L allele was comparatively higher in Holstein and crossbred cattle while in Jersey breed, the frequency of this allele was intermediate. The effect of genotype on birth weight was significant and LV genotype had higher birth weight than other genotypes. Hence, LV genotype in Holstein Friesian favored higher birth weight.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권8호
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• pp.1194-1198
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• 2005

A computer vision system was designed and validated to recognize an individual Holstein cattle by processing images of their body patterns. This system involves image capture, image pre-processing, algorithm processing, and an artificial neural network recognition algorithm. Optimum management of individuals is one of the most important factors in keeping cattle healthy and productive. In this study, an image-processing system was used to recognize individual Holstein cattle by identifying the body-pattern images captured by a charge-coupled device (CCD). A recognition system was developed and applied to acquire images of 49 cattles. The pixel values of the body images were transformed into input data comprising binary signals for the neural network. Images of the 49 cattle were analyzed to learn input layer elements, and ten cattles were used to verify the output layer elements in the neural network by using an individual recognition program. The system proved to be reliable for the individual recognition of cattles in natural light.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.157-167
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• 2016

Purpose: The objective of this study was to investigate the quality characteristics of pork and beef meat according to species (pork: modern genotype pork, Korean native black pork; beef: Holstein, Korean native cattle) and cuts (pork: shoulder, ham, loin; beef: loin, tenderness, round). Methods: The moisture content, protein content, fat content, ash content, fatty acid compositions pH, whater holding capacity, cooking loss, shear force, color, and sensory characteristics were measured in triplicate. Results: The moisture content, pH, cooking loss, and shear force of modern genotype pork were significantly higher than the Korean native black pork; in addition, the moisture content of loin was significantly higher than shoulder and ham. The fatty acid compositions for different parts of pork showed no significant differences. Among the sensory characteristics, the parameters of pork were not significantly different. The moisture content of Holstein was significantly higher than Korean native cattle. The fatty acid composition of beef could not confirm the specific differences. Water holding capacity of Korean native cattle was higher than Holstein, while cooking loss of Korean native cattle was lower than Holstein. Overall acceptability scores of Korean native cattle was higher than Holstein. Conclusion: The study results of several parameters in selected raw meat samples provide useful information for developing new strategies to improve the quality of meat products consumption.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제60권12호
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• pp.31.1-31.10
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• 2018

Background: Research on loci influencing milk production traits of dairy cattle is one of the main topics of investigation in livestock. Many genomic regions and polymorphisms associated with dairy production have been reported worldwide. In this context, the purpose of this study was to identify candidate loci associated with milk yield in Argentinean dairy cattle. A database of candidate genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for milk production and composition was developed. Thirty-nine SNPs belonging to 22 candidate genes were genotyped on 1643 animals (Holstein and Holstein x Jersey). The genotypes obtained were subjected to association studies considering the whole population and discriminating the population by Holstein breed percentage. Phenotypic data consisted of milk production values recorded during the first lactation of 1156 Holstein and 462 Holstein ${\times}$ Jersey cows from 18 dairy farms located in the central dairy area of Argentina. From these records, 305-day cumulative milk production values were predicted. Results: Eight SNPs (rs43375517, rs29004488, rs132812135, rs137651874, rs109191047, rs135164815, rs43706485, and rs41255693), located on six Bos taurus autosomes (BTA4, BTA6, BTA19, BTA20, BTA22, and BTA26), showed suggestive associations with 305-day cumulative milk production (under Benjamini-Hochberg procedure with a false discovery rate of 0.1). Two of those SNPs (rs43375517 and rs135164815) were significantly associated with milk production (Bonferroni adjusted p-values < 0.05) when considering the Holstein population. Conclusions: The results obtained are consistent with previously reported associations in other Holstein populations. Furthermore, the SNPs found to influence bovine milk production in this study may be used as possible candidate SNPs for marker-assisted selection programs in Argentinean dairy cattle.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.743-745
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• 1996

가축 특히 대동물에 있어서 전방수의 화학조성에 관한 보고는 극히 드물다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 한우 및 유우(Holstein)를 대상으로 전방수에 대해 화학조성을 검토하였다. 유의의 protein, urea nitrogen, creatinine, cholesterol, calcium, sodium, potassium과 chloride 등이 분석 검출되었다. 이러한 조성분포는 혈장에서 보다는 수액(cerebrospinal fluid)의 조성에 더 유사한 것으로 나타났으며, 한우 및 유우에 있어서 조성에 관한 차이는 거의 인정되지 않았다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.557-562
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• 2007

This study was carried out to discriminate Hanwoo from the milking and hybrid cattle by detection of MC1R gene related to bovine hair color. One hundred sixty six samples were collected from the abattoir (n = 106) and local market (n = 60). The beef from abattoir were originated from Hanwoo (n=27), Holstein (n=29), Hybrid (n=45) and imported cattle (n=5), respectively. The beef from market consisted of Hanwoo (n=36), Holstein (n=7) and imported ones (n=17). Commercialized screening kit (Kogenebiotec, Korea) was used for MC1R gene analysis. As a result, Hanwoo was discriminated from Holstein. However, 9 of 45 hybrid and 11 of 22 imported beef samples were indistinguishable from Hanwoo. It could be explained by second generation of crossing of Hanwoo with Holstein or the cattle with silver or yellow hair. This results suggest that additional tests as well as MC1R gene detection be needed to confirm Hanwoo beef among cattle beef.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.101-106
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• 2000

홀스타인종 181두와 한우 73를 이용하여 Bovine Leukemia Virus (BLV)에 대한 저항성과 경제형질간의 연관성을 분석하고자 실시하였다. 91bp 단편의 증폭산물을 가진 BLV 저항성 계통의 분포는 홀스타인종은 60.0%이고 한우는 39.7%이었다. 홀스타인종에서 BLV 감수성 및 저항성계통의 유전자형과 305 일령 유량 및 305일령 유지량간의 연관성분석에서는 유의성이 인정되지 않았으며 (P>0.05), 생시, 6 및 127개월령 체중에서도 유의성이 인정되지 않았다. 한우에 있어서도 BLV 저항성 및 감수성 계통과 생시, 6, 12 및 18개월령 체중과의 유의성이 인정되지 않았다. 따라서 홀스타인종과 한우에서 BLV 저항성 및 감수성 계통과 경제형질간에는 아무런 연관성이 없는 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.139-146
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• 2009

Bovine brucellosis is a zoonosis, long incubation period and chronic infectious disease, usually caused by Brucella abortus. This study was carried out to investigate the biotyping and biochemical characterization of B. abortus isolated from 208 farm 871 korean cattle and holstein diagnosed brucellosis by serological positive in Gyeongbuk province during the period from 2002 to 2006. B. abortus was isolated from 124 (14.2%) of 871 cattle, and isolated 110 (13.4%) of 820 Korean cattle and 14 (27.5%) of 51 holstein in breed. The uterus of korean cattle was isolated in 8 (17.8%) of 45 cattle and supramammary lymph none of holstein was isolated 11 (68.8%) of 16 cattle. 101 (12.5%) of 810 serological positive blood samples were isolated B. abortus. The isolation rate of B. abortus was correlated with antibody titers. The biochemical characterization of isolates was non-hemolytic, production of H$_2$S, oxidase-positive, catalase-positive, hydrolyzation of urea and growth of basic fuchsin dye medium. As a result, all of isolates was identified B. abortus bv 1. 124 isolates were susceptible to ampicillin, lincospectin, amikacin, gentamicin, kanamycin, neomycin, streptomycin, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and enrofloxacin.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.233-238
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• 2005

We examined the teats of slaughtered cattles to investigate the prevalence of papilloma and to detect bovine papilloma virus (BPV) from those samples. Among 880 heads, 432 (49.0%) was Holstein and 448 (51.0%) was Korean native cattle. Grossly, out of 432 heads (Holstein), 263 (60.8%) had papilloma lesions on teats. However, out of 448 heads (Korean native cattle), only 33 (7.4%) had papilloma lesions on teats. Immunohistochemically, BPV antigen was detected in 35 heads (22.9%) of 153 (Holstein) which had papilloma lesions. But, in Korean native cattle, BPV antigen was detected in 1 head (3.8%) of 26. Electronmicroscopically, in Holstein papilloma cases, BPV particles was detected in 31 heads (39.2%) of 79. This study revealed that papilloma was very prevalent in holstein teats, Korea and the prevalence of papilloma in Holstein was 8 times higher than that of Korean native cattle. Moreover, it was needed to consider gross and histopathological lesions to confirm BPV infection on teats because the sensitivity of immunohistochemistry and electronmicroscopy was not high.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.14-20
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• 2018

Despite the importance of mutation rate, some difficulties exist in estimating it. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) data yields large numbers of single-nucleotide polymorphisms, which can make it feasible to estimate substitution rates. The genetic substitution rates of Hanwoo and Holstein cattle were estimated using NGS data. Our main findings was to calculate the gene's substitution rates. Through estimation of genetic substitution rates, we found: diving region of altered substitution density exists. This region may indicate a boundary between protected and unprotected genes. The protected region is mainly associated with the gene ontology terms of regulatory genes. The genes that distinguish Hanwoo from Holstein in terms of substitution rate predominantly have gene ontology terms related to blood and circulatory system. This might imply that Hanwoo and Holstein evolved with dissimilar mutation rates and processes after domestication. The difference in meat quality between Hanwoo and Holstein could originate from differential evolution of the genes related to these blood and circulatory system ontology terms.