• PNF and Movement
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.285-293
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to confirm that the activation of the contralateral muscles changes according to posture after applying the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation leg pattern. Methods: Ten healthy adults (four males and six females) with no history of current musculoskeletal/neurological injuries were recruited for this study. Abdominal muscle (transverse abdominis) and hip joint muscle (gluteus maximus and gluteus medius) activation was assessed using surface electromyography (Ultium EMG, Noraxon Inc., USA). We evaluated muscle activation during the application of the PNF leg pattern. The data were analyzed using the SPSS version 21.0 program. Results: The results were found to be statistically significantly different in the 90/90 supine posture and sitting posture for the gluteus maximus (p < 0.05). The results were found to be not statistically significantly different for the transverse abdominis according to posture (p > 0.05). The results were found to be not statistically significantly different for the gluteus medius according to posture (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Application of the PNF leg pattern resulted in a significant change in the muscle activation of the contralateral segment according to posture, and the 90/90 supine posture induced high muscle activation of the gluteus maximus. In addition, the activation of the transverse abdominis was high in all three postures.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.163-179
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• 2013

Objectives : After analyzing the proficiency of medical communication of the students in College of Korean Traditional Medicine using standardized patients, we suggests ways to improve clinical practice in the future class and medical communication curriculum development. Methods : 20 students before clinical practice class (3rd grade) and 20 students after 1 year clinical practice class (4th grade) participated and did their medical interview on Standardized patient. They were evaluated on patient-physician communication skills by standardized patients and professor evaluator. In addition to be evaluated on patient-physician relationship, medical interview skills by professor evaluator. Results : As follows in the evaluation of clinical practice with standardized patients 1. More than half of the participated students regardless of their grade received poor score in their medical communication evaluated by SP(Standardized patient) and PE(Professor evaluator). 2. Greeting, History taking parts were higher in the 4th students who received 1 year clinical practice class, but verbal-nonverbal response, voice tone parts were higher in the 3rd students who do not received clinical practice lesson. 3. Pronunciation&Voice tone parts were higher in the male students but, gathering information part was higher in the female students. Conclusions : We think that the current clinical practice lessons are insufficient as a way to learn and improve medical knowledge and medical communication skills, and it is necessary a new form of clinical practice class. Participatory lesson using standardized patient could be a good alternative of that in the future class.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2014

Objective : The purpose of this study is to assess the communication and medical interview level of the students in the college of korean traditional medicine using Standardized Patients(SP). Method : 35 students of 5th grade in the college who are doing their clinical practice class participated and conducted medical interview on standardized infertile female patient. SP and professor who observed the interview evaluated the students' communication skill and medical interview level using the assessment sheet composed of 23 questions. Results : 1. Satisfaction of SP was 1.66 of 3. In the communication section, students conducted well in appropriate voice and no inappropriate interruption but they didn't show good practice in considerate physical examination, understandable explanation relatively. 2. The scores that were acquired by students in informing the time required, obtaining agreement at initiating and closing, family history taking, checking mental status and physical examination 2 were low in the medical interview section. 3. There were some differences in the communication and medical interview scores by the students' sex (p<.01), age(p<.05) and medical camp experience(p<.05). But we couldn't find any evidence about the relation between character type and the communication and medical interview scores(p>.62). Conclusion : On the whole, students who participated this study had difficulties in building relationship with patient and conducting medical interview. They need to improve their ability in those fields by appropriate education before their graduation.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.179-186
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• 2002

This study addresses the need to adopt teaching-learning approaches in physical therapy education that develop links between theory and clinical practice in a meaningful way. Problem-based learning (PBL) is presented as a useful way to educate physical therapy for the future. The essential characteristics of problem-based learning include: curricular organization around problems rather than disciplines; an integrated curriculum rather than one separated into clinical and theoretical components; and an inherent emphasis on cognitive skills as well as on knowledge. PBL as implemented in the health sciences, is an educational method in which the focus of learning is a small-group tutorial in which students work through health care scenarios. The goals of the health care scenarios are to provide a context for learning, to activate prior knowledge, to motivate students, and to stimulate discussion. Learning is student-centered rather than faculty-centered, and self-directed learning is emphasized. Whereas the former focuses on critical thinking and clinical judgement, the latter's emphasis is on clinical competency. The physical therapist (PT) program at Cheju Halla college is a partial integrated problem-based curriculum. The history and process of PBL in general and in the PT program are reviewed. Long-term advocates of PBL stress that it is the only known method for preparing future professionals to be able to adapt to change, learning how to reason critically, enabling a holistic approach to health.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제8권11호
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• pp.151-158
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• 2017

청소년의 인플루엔자 예방접종은 지역사회의 인플루엔자 확산 방지에 중요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 국민건강영양조사 제 6기 자료를 이용하여 청소년의 인플루엔자 예방접종에 영향을 미치는 개인 요인과 부모 요인을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구대상은 만 12-18세 청소년 1,020명과 그 어머니 884명, 아버지 557명이었다. 분석을 위해 Rao-Scott $x^2$, 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 청소년의 인플루엔자 예방접종률은 26.2%로 매우 낮았고, 청소년의 연령이 적을수록, 최근 2주간 몸이 불편했던 경험과 폐렴 과거력이 있으며, 자동차 앞좌석 안전벨트를 착용하는 경우 인플루엔자 예방접종률이 높았다. 또한 부모의 연령이 적을수록, 부모 본인이 인플루엔자 예방접종을 한 경우 청소년의 인플루엔자 예방접종률이 높았다. 우리나라 청소년의 인플루엔자 예방접종을 확대하기 위해서는 미디어와 의료인들은 청소년과 부모에게 인플루엔자 예방접종에 대한 교육이나 홍보를 통해 인플루엔자 예방접종에 관한 인식을 개선하고 다양한 융합적 중재를 제공해야 한다.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.213-233
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• 1996

This study was made on 274 apoplectics patients who received the rehabilitation therapy and tests on physical, psychological and social adaptations as outpatients in 23 general hospitals in the Seoul and Kyungi area. The basic data on degree of improvement of apoplectic patients studied from rehabilitation therapy. Data was collected over a period of 63 days, from February 21st till April, 23, 1996. The assigned physical therapist conducted direct interviews with patients after he answered the distributed questionnaires for each individual patient. The colleted data was processed by the $SPCC/C^+$ method. The results of the tests conducted to meascne the the degree of ADL dependency, depression and social activity corresponding to the physical, psychological, and social adaptation. The details are ; 1) The test to meascne the degree of ADL dependency, corresponding to the study of physical adaptation of CVA patients, indicated a mean score of 2.57(ideal score is 1.0) with a standard deviation of ${\pm}0.75$. The worst score was 3.95 while the best score was a perfect 1.0, representing a severe range of dependency. The distribution was centered with a median of 2.65 and a mode of 2.68. 2) The test to meascne the degree of depression which corresponds to the level of psychological adaptation yielded a mean of 2.99 which is higher than the normal limit of 2.45. The standard deviation was ${\pm}0.52$ and the worst score and the best score were 4.35 and Respectirdy. The distribution was centered with a median of 3.00 and a mode of 3.00. 3) The test to meascne the degree of social activities for the level of social adaptation indicated a very low mean score of 26.52 (perfect score is 144), with the standard deviation of ${\pm}16.23$. Some patients scored as high as 100, but others scored as low as 3. The distribution of social activities at a very low level was shifted to the left with a median of 24.00 and a mode of 20.00. 4) Factors influencing the level of physical, psychological and social adaptation are as follows : Factors significantly influencing the level of physical adaptation measured by ADL dependency are age, personal guardian, payer of medical expenses, and paralysis of the right arm, right leg and facial paralysis. Factors significantly influencing the level of psychological adaptation measured by the degree of depression, are age, marital status, education, medical history of individual and family, speech impediment, and facial paralysis. Factors significantly influencing the level of social adaptation measured by the degree of social activity are age, marital status, education, employment status, and the burden of medical expense. 5) The Corelationship is significant(9.00), between ADL dependeing as degree of physical adaptation and depreseion as degree of psychologial adaptation. ADL dependency is proportional to depression. But social activity is inversely protional to ADL dependeny and depression. In conclusion, the increased care for physical function of the patients is not the only necessary means to better facilitate the appropriate adaptation of CVA patients. The introduction of a solid rehabilitation program for psychological and social adaptation will also play the integral part of the treatment of CVA patients.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.46-75
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• 2004

This research anticipated on acknowledging the inpatients factors in choosing which hospital for the geriatric hospital and general hospital they would prefer to go to the analization of different factors in patients satisfaction, and the relation between satisfactory standards and the patients intentions on recommendation or re-visiting the hospital. The statistical data was based upon the 359 question and answer papers that were done by inpatients that were hospitalized in two geriatric hospitals and two general hospitals, and the methods used for analyzing were frequency, t-test, factor analysis, and hierarchical multiple regression. The results are as follows. 1. The factors on choosing hospitals between geriatric hospital and general hospitals were different. The priority for the geriatrics was kindness, and then considerate nursing, and the reliance of treatment. The patients of general hospitals looked first for reliance of treatment, reputation and history of the hospital, and the kindness of the staff. The kindness of the staff, good nursing, and easy procedures were the primary factors of choosing geriatric hospital. 2. The four primary factors in choosing which hospital patients would go to were the predominance of the facilities, kindness and convenience, the reliance and proximity of medical treatment, and recommendation. The patients in the geriatric hospital first looked for kindness and convenience, second the reliance and proximity of medical treatment, third predominance of facilities, and last recommendation. The general hospitals main priority was the reliance and proximity of medical care, second predominance of facilities, kindness and hospitality, and last recommendation. 3. The satisfaction rate was higher in the geriatric hospital compared to general hospitals, but the satisfactory of factors were very similar. Patients in the geriatric hospital were pleased with the hospital staffs kindness, quick nursing and the improvement of inconvenient matters, and clear diagnosis of the doctors. The general hospital patients were satisfied with the hospital staffs clear explanation and accurate diagnosis 4. The analysis in the satisfactory factors turned out to be the environment of the hospital, kindness of the staff, and convenience. Both the patients of the geriatric hospital and general hospitals were very pleased with the kindness of the hospital staff. Ranking second and third was convenience and service for the geriatric hospital, and environment of the hospital and convenience for the general hospital. 5. According to a rank of multiple recurrent analysis of the patients satisfaction and the intention of re-visiting in addition to intention of solicitation, in the case of a geriatric hospital, when the intention of re-visiting is the dependent variable, the first stage shows that the less insurance the patient has, the higher was the intention of re-visiting. In the second stage, the more satisfied the patient is of the staffs kindness, the higher was the intention of re-visiting. Further more, when the intention of solicitation is the dependent variable, the first stage shows that not all the independent variables were significant, but the second stage shows that the more satisfied the patient is of the staffs kindness and the hospital along with the medical treatment expenses, the higher was the intention of solicitation. 6. In the first stage of a rank of multiple recurrent analysis of the satisfaction of the general hospital and the intention of re-visiting, not all the variables were significant, but in the second stage, all the satisfaction by factors were significant. Moreover, when the intention of solicitation was the dependent variable, the first stage shows not all the variables were significant, but in the second stage, all the satisfaction by factors were significant. That is to say, in the case of a general hospital, the satisfaction of the hospital and the medical treatment expenses were high, and the more satisfied the patient is of the hospitals environment and the staffs kindness, the intention of re-visiting and the intention of solicitation was higher.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.2119-2125
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• 2013

Background: The aim of the study was to determine risk factors for cervical cancer for women in Izmir. Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive field covered a population of 4319 women of reproductive age (15-49) (household registration in the Mukhtar's office-2007). A total of 1,637 women were included in the sample given a four-part questionnaire through face-to-face interview by visiting the women in their homes in order to determine socio-demographic factors, obstetric history, genital hygiene and the use of family planning methods. In addition, during the data collection process, the women were given group training in order to raise awareness of cervical cancer. The number and percentage distributions of the data were calculated. Results: While the average age of the women was $31.9{\pm}9.77$ (Min: 15.00-Max: 49.00), education level of 43.4% of them was elementary school only. It was determined that 70.3% of the women experienced at least one pregnancy, 71.0% had vaginal delivery and 75.9% used a contraceptive method. In the study it was determined that among the cervical cancer related risks vaginal delivery, vaginal lavage and having three or more pregnancies had the highest rates, while having sexual intercourse before 16 years of age and having more than one sexual partner constituted lower rates. The rate of the women who stated not having a smear in the last three years was 82.4%. Conclusions: Considering the case in terms of having Pap smear test, women's awareness on the risk factors and early diagnosis of cervical cancer was found to be low. Due to this reason, awareness of women has to be raised through education.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.203-212
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• 2021

Purpose: The impact of the interval between previous endoscopy and diagnosis on the treatment modality or mortality of undifferentiated (UD)-type gastric cancer is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of endoscopic screening interval on the stage, cancer-related mortality, and treatment methods of UD-type gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: We reviewed the medical records of newly diagnosed patients with UD gastric cancer in 2013, in whom the interval between previous endoscopy and diagnosis could be determined. The patients were classified into different groups according to the period from the previous endoscopy to diagnosis (<12 months, 12-23 months, 24-35 months, ≥36 months, and no history of endoscopy), and the outcomes were compared between the groups. In addition, patients who underwent endoscopic and surgical treatment were reclassified based on the final treatment results. Results: The number of enrolled patients was 440, with males representing 64.1% of the study population; 11.8% of the participants reported that they had undergone endoscopy for the first time in their cancer diagnosis. The percentage of stage I cancer at diagnosis significantly decreased as the interval from the previous endoscopy to diagnosis increased (65.4%, 63.2%, 64.2%, 45.9%, and 35.2% for intervals of <12 months, 12-23 months, 24-35 months, ≥36 months, and no previous endoscopy, respectively, P<0.01). Cancer-related mortality was significantly lower for a 3-year interval of endoscopy (P<0.001). Conclusions: A 3-year interval of endoscopic screening reduces gastric-cancer-related mortality, particularly in cases of UD histology.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.3-11
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• 1984

The major findings of this investigation on radiographic works in 125 medical institutions around Seoul and Kyung-Ki area, from March 1983 to February 1984, are summarized as follows. 1. The number of references provided on radiographic techniques were 3 to 5 in general hospitals (52.1%), in hospitals (58.5%), and clinics (44.5%), and only the 10.4% of general hospitals had 11 or more. 2. The relatively high percentages of 75.0% of general hospitals and 68.3% of hospitals have established the standardized radiographic methods for regions examined, but most clinics (61.1%) have not. 3. As a log system for the radiographic request, the method of "routine study, or all the x-ray examinations are marked as 0 on a printed form" was most commonly used by general hospitals (62.5%) and hospitals (51.2%), and "the doctors employ their own methods" in most clinics (44.6%). 4. In the 85.4% of general hospitals, the 68.3% of hospitals and the 38.9% of clinics, the data such as diagnosis, clinic history, purpose of x-ray examination were recorded on a radiographic request at all times, or at least in part. 5. On a scale of hardness and easiness of order of doctors, the greatest response was "fairly easy to understand", and the 37.5% of general hospitals responded as "sometimes hard". 6. In determining the standards for radiographic factors, the general hospitals (62.5%) and hospitals (65.9%) adapted mostly "a departmental check list", and the clinics (61.1%) used mainly "a personal decision". 7. In using the immobilizing devices, angligner, and radiographic accessories, the Percentages were high in general hospitals and hospitals on the one hand, and were low in clinics on the other. 8. A consideration with regard to the devices for an improvement of examination of the same patients was totally ignored by the 50.0% of clinics, the 26.8% of hospitals and the 20.8% of general hospitals. 9. The causes of re-examination were due largely to patients (33.6%), and followed proportionately by incorrect exposure (22.8%), errors in positioning (22.0%), film processing faults (9.2%), conditions of x-ray equipments (8.8%), and quality of x-ray films (3.6%). 10. The conference on radiography was conducted regularly or irregularly by the 87.5% of general hospitals, the 56.1% of hospitals, and the 27.7% of clinics, and the meeting was proceeded only by radiologic technologists.