• Title/Summary/Keyword: Historiography

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Doble Contexts for Reading Manfredo Tafuri's Criticism of Ideology (만프레도 타푸리의 이데올로기 비판 독해를 위한 이중의 문맥)

  • Park, Junghyun
    • Journal of architectural history
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.21-30
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    • 2016
  • Autonomia movement that emerged in Italy in the 1960s from workerist (operaismo) communism gives historical and discursive context to Manfredo Tafuri's famous criticism of ideology. His thesis on the death of architecture was a radical criticism of Keynesian intervention which was a strategy to cope with the Great Depression. For him, this capitalist development had taken away ideological prefiguration from architecture. At least Tafuri's this early intellectual phase was formed in the wake of magazine Contrapiano and Antonio Negri's influence. Tafuri almost entirely adapted Negri's thought on the importance of capitalist innovation that was uncovered by Keynes, Schumpeter, and Manheim and the periodization in modern history. When we read Tafuri's text with this concrete context, we can avoid being plunged into his abstruseness. On the other hand, 1980's Korea cannot understand Tafuri comprehensibly. 1980's situation to struggle to acquire democracy prescribed only one mode of reception of Tafuri's historiography in Korea. Tafuri's so-called pessimist view point could not satisfy student activists. They want to take intellectual means to sustain student movement and to secure political dynamics of protest. But at the same time they have anxiety to understand tafuri's thesis that they consider ad a critical theory for Korean Architecture. Double contexts of Tafuri's criticism of ideology bring to light to historicize both Tafuri's historiography itself and reception of his text in Korea.

'Colonial Public-ness' during the Period of Japanese Forced Occupation ('식민지적 공공설'과 8.15 해방 공간)

  • Won, Yong-Jin
    • Korean journal of communication and information
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    • v.47
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    • pp.50-73
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    • 2009
  • A tendency to ignore the existence of public space in Korea under the Japanese colonial period seems to be driven from nationalist historiography in which all historical events under the colonial power have to be interpreted in terms of militant controls and resistances against them. Historical approach to mass media of that period has lasted to be saturated with the tendency and forced history students to stick to the nationalist guidelines. Struggles against Japanese imperial power by national-capital-operated newspaper have been a main menu of studies on the period's communication. The media were often hailed as fighting the colonial power for nation's independence. The present thesis aims to criticize the nationalist point of view and to reveal that nationalist interpretations may miss a variety of historical information. Even under the severe surveillance of colonial police some journalists tried either to inform officially or to smuggle into informed groups. The colonized society could experienced fields of public-ness throughout the practices of such as media fields, cultural fields, political fields. Those fields, of course, didn't come from the graceful favor of the colonial power but from the construction of the colonized. The public-ness seemed to be born for the easiness of control, but became later a constructed field of public-ness with which the colonized semiotically wrestled the power and grew a modern type of political (un)consciousness. Depicting what happened just before 815 liberation day in Korea the present paper showed that the less nationalist historiography can render help to those seeking political practices of the colonized in a micro-level.

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A Historiography on Design History Studies in Korea -Critical Review on Canonical Design History Books in Korea- (디자인사 연구의 역사 -대표적인 디자인 역사 저술을 중심으로-)

  • Chae, Sung-Zin;Shin, Hyun-Bong
    • Archives of design research
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.365-374
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    • 2004
  • Design history has been thought a secondary studies for design practice. Design historians have been accused of being unimaginative and unadventurous in sticking to dominant types of design such as products, furnitures and graphics. But Design history is still young subject which could be exploited in wide range and topics, and it should be thought a lot of researches could be done. Under this consciousness and circumstance, this study reviews the situation and perspective of design history studies in Korea by critical search on canonical books in the area such as Pevsner's, Banham's, Hesket's, Sparke's, and Chung's those translated into Koreans and Korean originals.

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Rithy Panh's Practices on Archive Images and Methods of Historiography in La France est notre patrie (리티 판의 다큐멘터리 <우리의 모국 프랑스>에 나타난 아카이브 활용 양상과 역사서술 방식)

  • Yoo, Jisu Klaire
    • Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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    • v.13 no.8
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    • pp.209-221
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    • 2019
  • A found-footage film La France est notre patrie is a documentary, in which archive images are juxtaposed with intertitles, non-diegetic music and foley, by borrowing an audiovisual strategy of silent films. The filmmaker Rithy Panh has excavated the images, which had been taken during the same period as the film history of the end of the 19th and early 20th centuries in Southeast Asia and Africa under French colonial rule. This paper examines the filmmaker's methods of historiography when utilizing archive images in order to represent the past by referring to Walter Benjamin's concept of historical montage and dialectical image. As the analysis illustrates the singularity of constructive methods, which include multi-layer viewpoints and montage styles of compilation and collage, it reveals how La France est notre patrie elicits the essay film modes through its self-reflexivity, leads audience to the threshold of critical thinking about time and history and creates a discourse of counter-memory.

Art Nouveau 1892-1902: Fin de Ciecle or a Transient Phase in Modern Architecture -In Cases of V. Horta, H. Guimard and C.R. Macintosh- (아르누보 건축의 역사적 특성에 관한 연구(1892-1902) -V. 호르타, H. 귀마드, 그리고 C.R. 맥킨토시를 중심으로-)

  • 황보봉;이수진
    • Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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    • no.25
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    • pp.198-204
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    • 2000
  • Art Nouveau was a short-lived European phenomenon in art and architecture. Despite the fact that Art Nouveau architecture never fully succeeded as an anti-historical movement, it is important to identify its place in modern architectural historiography. The significance of Art Nouveau-that it incorporated decorative elements into the centre of architectural practice-certainly serves to acknowledge its place within the Modern Movement. Architectural works of Victor Horta, Hector Guimard and Charles Rennie Mackintosh are carefully examined in this paper to find out (1) how they individually emerged and manifested distinctive characteristics and creativity within their own local contexts, and (2) how they can collectively fit into historical discourse of Art Nouveau. Art Nouveau was not a mere fin-de-ci cle phenomenon, but a complicated transient phase at the dawn of European Modernism.

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Mapping World History in Korea

  • HWANGBO, Yeongjo
    • Asian review of World Histories
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    • v.3 no.2
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    • pp.235-253
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    • 2015
  • It has been about twenty years since world history in a new sense was introduced to Korean academia. At first, it was the educators who showed a lot of interest in world history. But, before long, world/global history came to exert an important influence on history research and teaching in Korea. Even though certain unfavorable conditions still exist, the need for world/global history is growing and a number of academic institutes and scholars are putting in a great deal of effort to advance it in Korea. Here, we examine the changing meanings of world history on the basis of the history of concepts and provide a general idea of its introduction and diffusion in historiography and history education in Korea.

The Indian Ocean Scenario in the 14th Century Latin Crusade Tract: Possibilities of a World Historical Approach

  • Chakravarti, Ranabir
    • Asian review of World Histories
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    • v.3 no.1
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    • pp.37-58
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    • 2015
  • The paper examines, in the light of current historiography, the recent trends in the application and applicability of the World Historical studies on the Indian Ocean scenario. Calling for the combination of the breadth of the World Historical studies with the analysis of a historical scenario in its specific spatio-temporal context-instead of a synchronic approach-the present study takes a close look at commerce and politics in the western Indian Ocean in the light of an early 14th century Latin Crusade tract, How to Defeat the Saracens by William of Adam (Guillelmus Ade, Tractatus quomodo Sarraceni sunt expugnandi), a Dominican friar. The text offers remarkable insights into the interlocking of the Indian Ocean and the South Asian subcontinent with the Mamluk Sultanate, the Ilkhanid realm and the Crusades. The paper argues for what is now termed as braided and connected histories.

Recovering a lost Genealogy: Taw Sein Ko and the Colonial Roots of 'Myanmar Studies' (잃어버린 계보를 찾아서: 또세인꼬와 식민지시대 '미얀마 연구'의 기초)

  • KECK, Stephen
    • SUVANNABHUMI
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    • v.3 no.2
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    • pp.1-30
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    • 2011
  • 또세인꼬는 19세기 후반에서 20세기 초 식민지 버마의 지적 발전에 지대한 영향을 남긴 중요한 인물이지만 잊혀졌던 인물이다. '미얀마 연구'의 몇몇 뿌리가 식민지 시대에 있음을 고려할 때, 또세인꼬의 저작은 미얀마를 연구하고 이해하려는 오늘날의 노력에 의미하는 바가 크다. 그는 고고학적 저술로 잘 알려져 있긴 하지만, 그의 저작과 경력을 검토해 본 결과 그는 식민지사회에서 공적 지식인으로 활약했음을 알 수 있었다. 아시아 연구(특히 버마 연구)의 발전이 제국주의적 틀 속에서 이루어질 때, 또세인꼬는 식민지 버마에 존재했던 혼성적 저술전통을 따라 저술했다. 또세인꼬는 버마인의 관점이나 가장 공감할 수 있는 언어로 도회지 독자들에게 호소하는 방법과 같은 그 어느 길에서도 벗어났던 스콧, 오코너, 그리고 필딩-홀과 같은 영국학자들의 그룹에 속한다. 또세인꼬의 저술을 연구하는 것은 식민지적 지식과 버마에 관한 영국인의 저작에 관한 연구가 유용하게 재개념화 될 수 있는 기초를 갖추는데 도움이 된다.

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Historiography of TV Documentary (TV의 젠더 역사쓰기의 가능성과 한계: 역사다큐멘터리를 중심으로)

  • Kim, Hoon-Soon;Kim, Suk
    • Korean journal of communication and information
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    • v.51
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    • pp.156-173
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    • 2010
  • This study analysed the narrative of and , two history documentary broadcasted on KBS, in terms of story-telling and discourse. And it also examined whether TV as mass media could provide an alternative interpretation against the dominant historical awareness. As a result, both programmes showed limitations on representing subversive point of view to the dominant ideology. At the story-telling level, firstly, they represented in a way of male-hero narrative though they were describing the history of woman, and while representing woman as a public figure they eliminated her feminity and individuality. Secondly, before evaluating woman as a historic figure they previously appreciated her appearance in a male-point of view. Thirdly, although they were telling the story of woman in a political view, they focused on love triangle, therefore failed to make her as a public figure. The discourses of both programmes were anchoring the existing historical interpretation instead of offering an alternative historical imagination. The narrator who were telling history at the studio in a omniscient viewpoint took a role as a meaning definer, placed at the highest rank in the hierarchy of discourse structure. Especially in , the dramatized images to cover lack of visual data helped anchor the patriarchal narrative and reduced the possibility of subversive interpretation on historic figure.

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Ideology, Politics, and Social Science Scholarship on the Responsibility of Intellectuals

  • Koerner, E.F.K.
    • Lingua Humanitatis
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    • v.2 no.2
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    • pp.51-84
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    • 2002
  • The 1990s have seen the publication of many books devoted to Language and Ideology (cf. Joseph & Taylor 1990. for one of the early ones) even though the term 'ideology' itself has remained ill-defined (Woolard 1998). The focus of attention has usually been placed on the particular use of language and often for some kind of 'political' ends, not on linguistic or other scholarship which might have been driven by some sort of ideology, i.e., a bundle of assumptions which themselves were taken as given. At least since Edward Said's 1978 book Orientalism, it has been clear to everyone that scholars construct their conceptualization of things in line with their understanding of the cultural, social, and political world in which they live, and that this often unreflected 'pre-understanding' effects their view of cultures that are different from theirs and more often than not geographically and temporally distant from theirs. This recognition has had a sobering effect no doubt, and Said's book has long since become 'mainstream.' Much more disturbing to the scholarly profession has been the publication of Martin Bernal's Black Athena in 1987, since it went much further, going beyond accusations of colonialism and cultural bias, in suggesting that the Western representation of Classical Greece over the past two hundred years was false and that what had been accepted until now about occidental antiquity must now be seen derived from African-Asiatic cultures of the Near East, notably that of the Ancient Egyptians, and that no other than Socrates should be seen as black man. While we may understand the intellectual climate in the United States that led academics to present 'myth as history' (Lefkowitz 1996), it is obvious that lines of regular scholarly principles of investigation have been crossed (cf Lefkowitz & Rogers 1996). The present paper investigates what may be seen as the ideological underpinnings of such work. After reviewing some recent scholarship in the area of linguistic historiography that have shown that academic work has never been 'value-neutral' (as may have been assumed or has been claimed by some practitioners), it is argued that in effect one must be aware of what Clemens Knobloch has recently termed Resonanzbedarf, i.e., the desire, whether conscious or not, of scholars-and probably scientists, too-to have their work recognized by the educated public and that, in so doing, their discourses tend to pick up on contemporary popular notions. These efforts may be harmless if everyone was to recognize these allusions and adoption of certain lexical. items(buzz words) as props or what Germans call Versatzstiicke, but history tells us that this has not always been the case. Still, as Hutton (1999) has shown, not all scholarship during the Third Reich for example can simply be dismissed as worthless because it was conducted in under a prevailing political ideology. Indeed, in seemingly innocent times, linguists can be shown to frame their argument in a way that makes them appear so utterly superior to their predecessors (cf. Lawson 2001). Upon closer inspection, those discourses turn out to be much like those of scholars in nationalistic environments that have tended to select their 'facts' to prove a particular hypothesis (cf., e.g., Koerner 2001). The article argues for scholars to take a more active role in exploding myths, scientifically unfounded claims, and ideologically driven distortions, especially those that are socially and politically harmful.

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