• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제60권5호
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• pp.749-760
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• 2016

The objective of the study is to investigate the effects of model calibration on seismic behaviour of a historical mosque which is one of the most significant Ottomon structures. Seismic analyses of calibrated and noncalibrated numeric models were carried out by using acceleration records of Kocaeli earthquake in 1999. In numerical analysis, existing crack zones on real structure was investigated in detail. As a result of analyses, maximum stresses and displacements of calibrated and noncalibrated numerical models were compared each other. Consequently, seismic behaviour and damage state of historical masonry Hafsa Sultan mosque was determined as more realistic in the event of a severe earthquake.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.345-359
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• 2013

Turkey has been hosted various civilizations throughout centuries and it has become one of the oldest settlements all over the world due to the geographical location. Therefore, it has accommodated innumerable historical structures remain from the past civilizations. Protection and conservation of these historical constructions should be the major points for continuity of history. Crooked minaret is one of between these historical invaluable structures. It is located at the city of Aksaray and it dates back approximately 800 years. The minaret has lost its vertical position in time and bends on the North-West direction. In this study, general information is given about minarets and some restoration recommendations are given for crooked minaret based on performed some finite element structural analyses. These analyses are considered into three cases; 1-Dead loading, 2-Wind loading, and 3-Earthquake loadings. Results from the analyses are discussed detailed and some useful recommendations are given in the end of the study.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.461-467
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• 2001

Shaking table tests were performed with full scale models of stone parapet on the ancient rampart. The objectives of these tests are to study the seismic behavior of the parapet and to obtain quantitative estimation of the intensities of historical earthquakes. Two test models were made based on the structure of the parapet remnant of a mountain fortress in Bukhan-San located in Seoul. Two types of infilling material are considered. The responses to models were tested subjected to three kinds of input motion.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 1999년도 추계 학술발표회 논문집 Proceedings of EESK Conference-Fall
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• pp.64-71
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• 1999

Seismicity of the Korean Peninsula shows intraplate seismicity that has irregular pattern in both time and space. Seismic data of the Korean peninsula consists of historical earthquakes and instrumental earthquakes. In this study we devide these data into complete part and incomplete part and considering earthquake size uncertainty estimate seismic hazard parameters - activity rate λ, b value of Gutenberg-Richter relation and maximum possible earthquake IMAX by statistical method in each major tectonic provinces. These estimated values are expected to be important input parameters in probabilistic seismic hazard analysis and evaluation of design earthquake.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.523-538
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• 2016

Besides their spiritual significance, minarets are humanity's cultural heritage to the future generations due to their historical and architectural attraction. Currently, many historical masonry minarets are damaged and destroyed due to several reasons such as earthquakes and wind. Therefore, safety of these religiously significant buildings needs to be thoroughly investigated. The utmost care must be taken into account while investigating these structures. Our study investigated earthquake behavior of historical masonry minaret of Haci Mahmut Mosque. Destructive and non-destructive tests were carried out to determine earthquake safety of this structure. Brick-stone masonry material properties of structure were determined by accomplishing ultrasonic wave velocity, Schmidt Hammer, uniaxial compression (UAC) and indirect tension (Brazilian) tests. Determined material properties were used in the finite element analysis of the structure. To validate the numerical analysis, Operational Modal Analysis was applied to the structure and dynamic characteristics of the structure were determined. To this end, accelerometers were placed on the structure and vibrations due to environmental effects were followed. Finite element model of the minaret was updated using dynamic characteristics of the structure and the realistic numerical model of the structure was obtained. This numerical model was solved by using earthquake records of Turkey with time history analysis (THA) and the realistic earthquake behavior of the structure was introduced.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 2000년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집 Proceedings of EESK Conference-Spring
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• pp.21-27
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• 2000

For earthquake hazard estimation the data containing large historical events and recent complete observations with various uncertainty should be used together. The traditional maximum likelihood method is not adequate for this kind work. The maximum probable earthquakes in the Korean Peninsula are estimated by the method of an extended maximum likelihood estimation. The method can handle data with various uncertainty. The maximum probable earthquake in the Korean Peninsula is appeared to be 7.14$\pm$0.34 in magnitude.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.99-112
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• 2016

Since the preservation of monuments is very important to human societies, different methods are required to preserve historic structures. In this paper, 3D model of arch stone bridge at Pont Saint Martin, Aosta, Italy, was simulated by 1660 integrated separate stones using ABAQUS$^{(R)}$ software to investigate the seismic susceptibility of the bridge. The main objective of this research was to study a method of preservation of the historical stone bridge against possible earthquakes using FRP techniques. The nonlinear behavior model of materials used theory of plasticity based on Drucker-Prager yield criterion. Then, contact behavior between the block and mortar was modeled. Also, Seismosignal software was used to collect data related to 1976 Friuli Earthquake Italy, which constitutes a real seismic loading. The results show that, retrofitting of the arch stone bridge using FRP techniques decreased displacement of stones of spandrel walls, which prevents the collapse of stones.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 2000년도 추계 학술발표회 논문집 Proceedings of EESK Conference-Fall 2000
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• pp.33-40
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• 2000

The assessment of earthquake hazards involved consideration of earthquake magnitude, frequency, last movement and probability of occurrence. The appraisal of earthquake potential is feasible because historical data show a good correlation between earthquake size and the fault rupture parameters of length, displacement, and area. Additionally, the characteristics of fault behavior should be considered to evaluate the earthquake potential magnitude. In this study, in order to evaluate the earth quake potential by the fault behavioral patterns, based on the experimental background which the geometric characteristics of the individual domains, such as strike, width, fault tip patterns, and orientation of secondary shears reflect sliding behavioral patterns in each section, the straight sections of A, D and E domains were examined to the creeping section of stably sliding. In contrast, the curved section of B domain was examined to the locked section of stick-slip movement. These results of studies can be applied to evaluate the earthquake potential magnitude from the fault structural parameters.

• 지구물리
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.91-98
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• 2000

한반도의 지진활동은 시공적으로 매우 불규칙한 판내부 지진활동의 전형적 특성을 보여준다. 한반도는 지질학적으로 구조 및 특성이 다른 여러 개의 지체구조구로 나누어지며 본 연구에서는 각 지체구조구의 지진활동의 특성의 차이를 규명하기 위하여 한반도의 역사 및 계기 지진자료를 이용하여 각 지체구조구의 지진활동변수를 추정하였다. 조선시대 이전의 불완전한 지진자료와 그 이후의 완전한 지진자료에 대한 통계적 분석은 지체구조구들 사이에 지진활동의 특성에 현저한 차이가 나지 않음을 보였다. 한반도 전체로서 진도-빈도의 b값은 대략 0.6 이며, 최대 지진은 MMI X 정도이다. 본 연구결과는 한반도의 확률론적 지진재해도 분석과 내진 공학에서 설계지진의 평가에 유용하게 이용될 수 있다.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.35-44
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• 1998

최근의 중.소규모의 연이은 지진활동은 한반도도 지진에 대하여 안전지대는 아닌 것으로 생각되고 있으며, 1995년 일본의 Kobe 지진 대 참사는 국내에도 지진에 관한 많은 관심을 고조시키고 있다. 그러나, 국내의 구조물의 내진설계를 위한 사용되는 지진파에 대한 연구는 매우 미흡하며, 최근까지도 국내에서는 외국의 설계용 지진파를 그대로 사용하거나 설계응답스펙트럼을 이용하고 있는 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 국내지진파의 물리적 특성, 즉, 주기-빈도 분포, 확률밀도분포, Fourier Spectrum 및 응답스펙트럼을 구하여 비교.분석하였다. 또한 이상화된 인공지진파를 산출하여 이를 현재 교통량의 폭발적인 증가와 도로의 선형성을 이유로 사각을 가진 교량구조물이 많이 건설되고 있는바, 70$^{\circ}$사각슬래브교에 대한 지진해석을 수행하여 인공지진의 합리적 해석 횟수를 규명하였다.