• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.54-59
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• 2006

An analytical solution for deflection-load characteristics of a conical disk spring used especially in the automotive manual transmission clutch applications is proposed in order to take into account the effects of friction and large deformation. The conical disk spring, or the diaphragm spring, has a hinge support, an application point of release load at the tip of the fingers and an application point of clamp load near but inside the outer perimeter of the conical disk spring. The friction coefficient is assumed to be a constant regardless of the speed of deflection and the magnitude of loads. Comparison with experimental shows a good agreement with the analytical prediction. Also, the sensitivity of the clamp load due to variations in the geometrical parameters of the conical disk spring is calculated and discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.89-96
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• 2020

In this study, we developed a finite element model for the built-in bottom-freezer type refrigerator and then used the structural analysis method to analyze and evaluate the deflection of the doors. We tested the validity of the developed analytical model by measuring the deflection of the hinge when loads were applied to the upper and lower hinges of the refrigerating compartment and compared these with the analysis results. The comparison of the vertical displacement of the measured result and the analysis result showed an error ratio of up to 12.8%, which indicates that the analytical model is consistent. Using the analytical model composed of the cabinet, hinges and doors, we performed analyses for two cases: both doors closed, and the refrigerating door open. Since the maximum vertical displacement of the refrigerating compartment door (R-door) with the food load is smaller than the gap between the lower surface of the R-door and the upper surface of the freezer compartment door (F-door), it is judged that the R-door and the F-door do not contact when the doors are opened or closed. In addition, the analysis result showed that the difference between the vertical displacement at the hinge on the opposite side and the hinge side of the R-door is favorably smaller than the management criterion of the refrigerator manufacturer.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.336-341
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• 2020

The deflection and null balance methods are used for precision force measurement in the precision industry. Since both methods are based on deformation, the performance of the load cell mechanism is important. In this study, the design variables were obtained via the free body diagram of a lever-linked Roberval mechanism (combined with a flexible hinge link and a Roberval mechanism), and the design characteristics were analyzed according to the weight method. Based on the design characteristics, the optimal design was conducted according to the weight method and FEM was used to verify its reliability.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1996.10b
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• pp.203-206
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• 1996

The purpose of this paper is to find how to determine the parameters of the basic control system design such as hinge moment coefficients and to display the controllability of the ChangCong-91. Since the estimation from the flight test of real aircraft is the most reliable, we performed the flight test of ChangGong-91 to get the various parameters such as velocity, height, control force, control surface deflection, 3 axis acceleration, 3 axis angular rate, pitch angle, angle of attack temperature and so on. We recorded the flight test data in VHS tapes and stored them to personal computer using A/D(analog to digital) converter. Flight test was done in various conditions, and the acquired data was processed with parameter identification method such as least square method. These data will be utilized for the development of Autopilot System design and Control Loading System design.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.51-56
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• 2013

In vehicle's door wiring harness (W/H) system is more toward to arrange a passenger compartment than a hinge and a weatherstrip. An opening/closing member of a vehicle is attached to a vehicle by a hinge in a manner enabling easy opening and closing of the opening/closing member. Such members include doors, such as side-doors and rear doors, and other opening/closing members, such as trunk lids. This article gives some insight into the dimensioning process, with special focus on large deflection analysis of wiring harness(W/H) in vehicle's door structures for durability problem. The Finite elements analysis for door wiring harness(W/H) is used for residual stresses and dimensional stability with bending flexible. Durability test data for slam test specimens were compared with the numerical predicted fatigue life for verification. The final testing of the component combines the effects of these microstructural features with the complex stress state arising from the combined service loading and residual stresses.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.35 no.6_1
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• pp.933-944
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• 2019

This study analyzes the tide deformation of land boundary regions on the east (Region A) and west (Region B) sides of the Ross Ice Shelf in Antarctica using Double-Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (DDInSAR). A total of seven Sentinel-1A SAR images acquired in 2015-2016 were used to estimate the accuracy of tide prediction model and Young's modulus of ice shelf. First, we compared the Ross Sea Height-based Tidal Inverse (Ross_Inv) model, which is a representative tide prediction model for the Antarctic Ross Sea, with the tide deformation of the ice shelf extracted from the DDInSAR image. The accuracy was analyzed as 3.86 cm in the east region of Ross Ice Shelf and it was confirmed that the inverse barometric pressure effect must be corrected in the tide model. However, in the east, it is confirmed that the tide model may be inaccurate because a large error occurs even after correction of the atmospheric effect. In addition, the Young's modulus of the ice was calculated on the basis of the one-dimensional elastic beam model showing the correlation between the width of the hinge zone where the tide strain occurs and the ice thickness. For this purpose, the grounding line is defined as the line where the displacement caused by the tide appears in the DDInSAR image, and the hinge line is defined as the line to have the local maximum/minimum deformation, and the hinge zone as the area between the two lines. According to the one-dimensional elastic beam model assuming a semi-infinite plane, the width of the hinge region is directly proportional to the 0.75 power of the ice thickness. The width of the hinge zone was measured in the area where the ground line and the hinge line were close to the straight line shown in DDInSAR. The linear regression analysis with the 0.75 power of BEDMAP2 ice thickness estimated the Young's modulus of 1.77±0.73 GPa in the east and west of the Ross Ice Shelf. In this way, more accurate Young's modulus can be estimated by accumulating Sentinel-1 images in the future.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2000.04b
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• pp.35-42
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• 2000

Among the various models proposed for the description of semi-rigid connection behavior, Kinney's fixity facto. (=f) definition is adopted. If one follows this definition, f=1.0 signifies a completely fixed connection and f=0.0, the frictionless hinge. Kim's new slope-deflection equations based on the Kinney's fixity factors are the principal idea of this paper. Proposed finite element program also includes the effect of axial shortening of column, which is neglected in the stress analysis of frame leg conventional slope-deflection method. For the economic design, especially for the saving of beam weight in the high-rise office buildings or apartment houses, the proposed method can be applied.

• Proceedings of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea Conference
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• 2006.03a
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• pp.105-112
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• 2006

Liquefaction-induced lateral spreading has been the most extensive damage to pile foundations during earthquakes. However, a case of pile failure was reported despite the fact that a large margin of safety factor was employed in their design. This means that the current seismic design method of pile is not agreeable with the actual failure mechanism of pile. Newly proposed failure mechanism of pile is a pile failure based on buckling instability. In this study, failure behavior of pile embedded in liquefied soil deposits was analyzed considering lateral spreading and buckling instability performing 1g shaking table test. As a result, it can be concluded that the pile subjected to excessive axial loads ($near\;P_{cr}$) can fail by buckling instability during liquefaction. When lateral spreading took place in sloping grounds, lateral spreading increased lateral deflection of pile and reduced the buckling load, promoting more rapid collapse. In addition, buckling shape of pile was observed. In the ease of pile buckling, hinge formed at the middle of the pile, not at the bottom. And in sloping grounds, location of hinge got loiter compared with level ground because of the effects of lateral spreading.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.54-62
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• 2017

This paper describes the behavior and failure probability of the basic structural members in a fire for the fire safety assessment of offshore structures. A fire safety assessment can be accomplished by comparing the fire resistance of the members with the fire severity of the heat load due to fire. The fire severity is represented as the maximum temperature of the members using the Eurocode 1 standard fire curve and heat transfer equation. On the other hand, the fire resistance is the limiting temperature calculated by a simplified formula in the case of simple structural members. Considering the complexity of FPSOs and offshore structures, a general-purpose structural analysis program should be used and the limiting temperature obtained by analyzing the structural strength of the members through an elasto-plastic analysis with a large deflection, and compared with the maximum temperature. Also, the equality of these two methods of evaluating the fire resistance was confirmed by comparing them. Following three criteria, the strength, serviceability and stability, three failure modes, namely the first failure of a hinge, large deflection and buckling, were chosen. The failure temperature was verified for each failure mode. using the AFOSM method in the equation of the fire severity and fire resistance, thereby giving the failure probability of the member. By applying these processes to the example of a beam and plate, the behavior of the structure and failure (temperature?) of each failure mode can be determined.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.353-386
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• 2016

Realistic assessment of the performance of reinforced concrete structural members like columns is needed for designing new structures or maintenance of the existing structural members. This assessment requires analytical capability of employing proper material models and cyclic rules and considering various load and displacement patterns. A computer application was developed to analyze the non-linear, cyclic flexural performance of reinforced concrete structural members under various types of loading paths including non-sequential variations in axial load and bi-axial cyclic load or displacement. Different monotonic material models as well as hysteresis rules, were implemented in a fiber-based moment-curvature and in turn force-deflection analysis, using proper assumptions on curvature distribution along the member, as in plastic-hinge models. Performance of the program was verified against analytical results by others, and accuracy of the analytical process and the implemented models were evaluated in comparison to the experimental results. The computer application can be used to predict the response of a member with an arbitrary cross section and various type of lateral and longitudinal reinforcement under different combinations of loading patterns in axial and bi-axial directions. On the other hand, the application can be used to examine analytical models and methods using proper experimental data.