• 제목/요약/키워드: Higher ranking

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교육행정공무원 상급자의 변혁적 지도성과 하급자의 직무만족 간의 관계 연구 (A Study on the Relationship between Job Satisfaction of Lower-ranking Officers and Transformational Leadership of Higher-ranking Officers for the Government Employees in Education Administration)

  • 이기용
    • 수산해양교육연구
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    • 제25권4호
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    • pp.863-877
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    • 2013
  • The purpose of this study is to analyze clarify the relationship of transformational leadership of higher-ranking officers and work satisfaction of lower-ranking officers for the government employees in education administration. The main conclusions were as the followings. First, looking into the analysis result on the transformational leadership of higher-ranking officers, there is a noticeable difference for each position, grade 6 shows noticeably low difference than grade 8 and grade 9 in overall position, and for each service agency, the government employees in board of education show noticeably higher difference than the government employees in elementary schools on entire serve agencies. Second, looking into the analysis result on the work satisfaction of lower-ranking officers, for each position, grade 6 and grade 7 government employees show noticeably low difference than grade 8 and grade 9 in personnel territory and education and training territory, and for each service agency, government employees in the board of education show noticeably higher difference than the government employees in elementary and middle schools on agencies. And third, looking into the analysis result on the relationship of work satisfaction of lower-ranking officers and the transformational leadership of higher-ranking officers, the statistically noticeable level of static correlation has been shown for vision setting and growth-striving territory from the lower domain of the transformational leadership of higher-ranking officers in personnel, compensation, working environment and so forth, efficiency territory of operation, cohesion territory of department and charisma leadership territory in personnel domain, cohesion territory of department in personnel domain, human respect territory in duty, personnel, and compensation domain.

폭소노미 사이트를 위한 랭킹 프레임워크 설계: 시맨틱 그래프기반 접근 (A Folksonomy Ranking Framework: A Semantic Graph-based Approach)

  • 박현정;노상규
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • 제21권2호
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    • pp.89-116
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    • 2011
  • In collaborative tagging systems such as Delicious.com and Flickr.com, users assign keywords or tags to their uploaded resources, such as bookmarks and pictures, for their future use or sharing purposes. The collection of resources and tags generated by a user is called a personomy, and the collection of all personomies constitutes the folksonomy. The most significant need of the folksonomy users Is to efficiently find useful resources or experts on specific topics. An excellent ranking algorithm would assign higher ranking to more useful resources or experts. What resources are considered useful In a folksonomic system? Does a standard superior to frequency or freshness exist? The resource recommended by more users with mere expertise should be worthy of attention. This ranking paradigm can be implemented through a graph-based ranking algorithm. Two well-known representatives of such a paradigm are Page Rank by Google and HITS(Hypertext Induced Topic Selection) by Kleinberg. Both Page Rank and HITS assign a higher evaluation score to pages linked to more higher-scored pages. HITS differs from PageRank in that it utilizes two kinds of scores: authority and hub scores. The ranking objects of these pages are limited to Web pages, whereas the ranking objects of a folksonomic system are somewhat heterogeneous(i.e., users, resources, and tags). Therefore, uniform application of the voting notion of PageRank and HITS based on the links to a folksonomy would be unreasonable, In a folksonomic system, each link corresponding to a property can have an opposite direction, depending on whether the property is an active or a passive voice. The current research stems from the Idea that a graph-based ranking algorithm could be applied to the folksonomic system using the concept of mutual Interactions between entitles, rather than the voting notion of PageRank or HITS. The concept of mutual interactions, proposed for ranking the Semantic Web resources, enables the calculation of importance scores of various resources unaffected by link directions. The weights of a property representing the mutual interaction between classes are assigned depending on the relative significance of the property to the resource importance of each class. This class-oriented approach is based on the fact that, in the Semantic Web, there are many heterogeneous classes; thus, applying a different appraisal standard for each class is more reasonable. This is similar to the evaluation method of humans, where different items are assigned specific weights, which are then summed up to determine the weighted average. We can check for missing properties more easily with this approach than with other predicate-oriented approaches. A user of a tagging system usually assigns more than one tags to the same resource, and there can be more than one tags with the same subjectivity and objectivity. In the case that many users assign similar tags to the same resource, grading the users differently depending on the assignment order becomes necessary. This idea comes from the studies in psychology wherein expertise involves the ability to select the most relevant information for achieving a goal. An expert should be someone who not only has a large collection of documents annotated with a particular tag, but also tends to add documents of high quality to his/her collections. Such documents are identified by the number, as well as the expertise, of users who have the same documents in their collections. In other words, there is a relationship of mutual reinforcement between the expertise of a user and the quality of a document. In addition, there is a need to rank entities related more closely to a certain entity. Considering the property of social media that ensures the popularity of a topic is temporary, recent data should have more weight than old data. We propose a comprehensive folksonomy ranking framework in which all these considerations are dealt with and that can be easily customized to each folksonomy site for ranking purposes. To examine the validity of our ranking algorithm and show the mechanism of adjusting property, time, and expertise weights, we first use a dataset designed for analyzing the effect of each ranking factor independently. We then show the ranking results of a real folksonomy site, with the ranking factors combined. Because the ground truth of a given dataset is not known when it comes to ranking, we inject simulated data whose ranking results can be predicted into the real dataset and compare the ranking results of our algorithm with that of a previous HITS-based algorithm. Our semantic ranking algorithm based on the concept of mutual interaction seems to be preferable to the HITS-based algorithm as a flexible folksonomy ranking framework. Some concrete points of difference are as follows. First, with the time concept applied to the property weights, our algorithm shows superior performance in lowering the scores of older data and raising the scores of newer data. Second, applying the time concept to the expertise weights, as well as to the property weights, our algorithm controls the conflicting influence of expertise weights and enhances overall consistency of time-valued ranking. The expertise weights of the previous study can act as an obstacle to the time-valued ranking because the number of followers increases as time goes on. Third, many new properties and classes can be included in our framework. The previous HITS-based algorithm, based on the voting notion, loses ground in the situation where the domain consists of more than two classes, or where other important properties, such as "sent through twitter" or "registered as a friend," are added to the domain. Forth, there is a big difference in the calculation time and memory use between the two kinds of algorithms. While the matrix multiplication of two matrices, has to be executed twice for the previous HITS-based algorithm, this is unnecessary with our algorithm. In our ranking framework, various folksonomy ranking policies can be expressed with the ranking factors combined and our approach can work, even if the folksonomy site is not implemented with Semantic Web languages. Above all, the time weight proposed in this paper will be applicable to various domains, including social media, where time value is considered important.

RANKING EXPONENTIAL TRAPEZOIDAL FUZZY NUMBERS WITH CARDINALITY

  • Rezvani, Salim
    • 대한수학회논문집
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    • 제29권1호
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    • pp.187-193
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    • 2014
  • In this paper, we want to represent a method for ranking of two exponential trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. In this study a new Cardinality between exponential trapezoidal fuzzy numbers is proposed. Cardinality in this method is relatively simple and easier in computation and ranks various types of exponential fuzzy numbers. For the validation the results of the proposed approach are compared with different existing approaches.

An Estimated Closeness Centrality Ranking Algorithm and Its Performance Analysis in Large-Scale Workflow-supported Social Networks

  • Kim, Jawon;Ahn, Hyun;Park, Minjae;Kim, Sangguen;Kim, Kwanghoon Pio
    • KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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    • 제10권3호
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    • pp.1454-1466
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    • 2016
  • This paper implements an estimated ranking algorithm of closeness centrality measures in large-scale workflow-supported social networks. The traditional ranking algorithms for large-scale networks have suffered from the time complexity problem. The larger the network size is, the bigger dramatically the computation time becomes. To solve the problem on calculating ranks of closeness centrality measures in a large-scale workflow-supported social network, this paper takes an estimation-driven ranking approach, in which the ranking algorithm calculates the estimated closeness centrality measures by applying the approximation method, and then pick out a candidate set of top k actors based on their ranks of the estimated closeness centrality measures. Ultimately, the exact ranking result of the candidate set is obtained by the pure closeness centrality algorithm [1] computing the exact closeness centrality measures. The ranking algorithm of the estimation-driven ranking approach especially developed for workflow-supported social networks is named as RankCCWSSN (Rank Closeness Centrality Workflow-supported Social Network) algorithm. Based upon the algorithm, we conduct the performance evaluations, and compare the outcomes with the results from the pure algorithm. Additionally we extend the algorithm so as to be applied into weighted workflow-supported social networks that are represented by weighted matrices. After all, we confirmed that the time efficiency of the estimation-driven approach with our ranking algorithm is much higher (about 50% improvement) than the traditional approach.

한국기원 기사 랭킹과 덤에 관한 분석 (Analysis of Korean Baduk rating system and dum)

  • 조성훈;장원철
    • 응용통계연구
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    • 제32권6호
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    • pp.783-794
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    • 2019
  • 현재 한국기원의 기사랭킹제도는 체스 계에서 널리 사용되는 Elo rating system에 기반을 두고 있다. 또한 대국에서 6집반의 덤에도 불구하고 여전히 많은 기사들이 흑을 선호하며 실제로 흑을 든 기사가 높은 승률을 보이고 있다. 이 연구에서는 Bradley-Terry model을 통하여 실제 흑의 효과를 고려한 랭킹을 산출하여 현재 사용되고 있는 Elorating system과 비교 분석한다.

전력계통에 있어서 직접법을 활용한 상정사고 위험순위 결정 (Contingency Severity Ranking Using Direct Method in Power Systems)

  • 이상근
    • 전기학회논문지P
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    • 제54권2호
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    • pp.67-72
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    • 2005
  • This paper presents a method to select contingency ranking considering voltage security problems in power systems. Direct method which needs not the detailed knowledge of the post contingency voltage at each bus is used. Based on system operator's experience and knowledge, the membership functions for the MVAR mismatch and allowable voltage violation are justified describing linguistic representation with heuristic rules. Rule base is used for the computation of severity index for each contingency by fuzzy inference. Contingency ranking harmful to the system is formed by the index for security evaluation. Compared with 1P-1Q iteration, this algorithm using direct method and fuzzy inference shows higher computation speed and almost the same accuracy. The proposed method is applied to model system and KEPCO pratical system which consists of 311 buses and 609 lines to show its effectiveness.

누구에게? 어떤 선물을? : 선물 선택 시 심리적 거리를 중심으로 (What Gift and to Whom? : Choosing a Gift Based on Psychological Distance)

  • 이효원;강현모
    • 지식경영연구
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    • 제22권2호
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    • pp.95-117
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    • 2021
  • 본 연구에서는 선물할 때 선물할 대상과의 관계에 따라 어떤 대안을 선택하는지에 관해 알아보았다. 구체적으로 두 대안의 가격대가 비슷할 때, 브랜드 지위가 높지만, 브랜드 내 모델 랭킹은 낮은 제품과 브랜드 지위는 낮지만, 모델 랭킹은 높은 제품중 어떤 대안을 더 선호하는지에 관해 실험을 통해 연구하였다. 해석 수준 이론(Construal level theory)을 바탕으로 선물할 대상과의 관계(수직적 관계 vs. 수평적 관계)와 친밀도에 따라 카테고리 효과(category effect, 높은 지위 브랜드의 낮은 랭킹 모델 선호)와 랭킹 효과(ranking effect, 낮은 지위 브랜드의 높은 랭킹 모델 선호)가 다르게 나타난다고 제안하였다. 연구 결과, 심리적 거리에 따라 대안의 선택이 달라짐을 확인할 수 있었다. 구체적으로 수직적 관계에 있는 대상에게 선물할 경우에는 카테고리 효과가 크게 나타났지만, 선물할 대상이 수평적 관계인 경우에는 랭킹 효과가 나타났다. 또한 수직적 관계와 비교할 때, 수평적 관계에서 친밀도에 따른 랭킹효과(또는 카테고리 효과)의 차이가 더 크게 나타났다. 이처럼, 본 연구에서는 선물할 대상과의 관계와 친밀도의 심리적 거리에 따라서 브랜드 지위와 모델 랭킹에 대한 제품의 선택이 달라질 수 있다는 것을 보였다.

How Role Overload Affects Physical and Psychological Health of Low-ranking Government Employees at Different Ages: The Mediating Role of Burnout

  • Huang, Qing;Wang, Yidan;Yuan, Ke;Liu, Huaxing
    • Safety and Health at Work
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    • 제13권2호
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    • pp.207-212
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    • 2022
  • Background: The public now imposes higher demands on the government than in the past, which has created the role overload faced by low-ranking government employees in China. This research investigates the relationship between role overload and health among low-ranking government employees and explores the mediating effects of burnout. Methods: It draws on a survey of 2064 low-ranking government employees by probability proportionate to size sampling in China's Shandong Province. Structural equation modeling (SEM) methods are used to analyze the data. Results: Both role overload and burnout were found to have negative effects on low-ranking government employees' health; however, the associations varied among the three age groups (less than 36, between 36 and 45, and over 45). Those over 45 reported the highest level of both physical and psychological health, while the youngest age group (less than 36) reported the lowest level of health. Role overload has a direct influence on health among government employees over 45 but not among those below 45. Burnout's mediating effects between role overload and health are significant among all age groups, but most significant among the youngest civil servants below 36. Conclusions: The findings evidenced that both role overload and burnout affect low-ranking government employees' self-reported physical and psychological health. In addition, the effect of age differences in coping with role stressors and burnout should be considered.

NECESSARY AND SUFFICIENT OPTIMALITY CONDITIONS FOR FUZZY LINEAR PROGRAMMING

  • Farhadinia, Bahram
    • Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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    • 제29권1_2호
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    • pp.337-349
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    • 2011
  • This paper is concerned with deriving necessary and sufficient optimality conditions for a fuzzy linear programming problem. Toward this end, an equivalence between fuzzy and crisp linear programming problems is established by means of a specific ranking function. Under this setting, a main theorem gives optimality conditions which do not seem to be in conflict with the so-called Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions for a crisp linear programming problem.

Fuzzy모형을 이용한 시가지 내 철도선로 정비 우선순위 결정에 관한 연구 (A Study on Determination of Ranking for Railroad Line's Improvement in Seoul using Fuzzy Theory)

  • 손기복;김경철
    • 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국철도학회 1998년도 창립기념 춘계학술대회 논문집
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    • pp.184-193
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    • 1998
  • The existence of railroad line gives many influences in various kinds of aspects. To minimize negative influences is necessary to line's improvement, but appropriate methodology doesn't show until now. In this study, Fuzzy Integration Method(FIM) are employed in an effort to give ranking for railroad line's improvement in Seoul. The FIM is designed to generalize a various influences, appeared on account of existence of railroad line. Empirical analysis is performed for railroad line in distance of 83.5㎞ in Seoul. The total lines are divided in 51 sections, and there are selected a 11 evaluation index to reflect influences. Through a questionnaire survey about residents, operator and administrator, important degree of evaluation items are decided, reveal ins the interests of related groups. Then, evaluation values are calculated wi th practical survey results about each sections. The results of evaluation reveal that the higher ranking of improvement from FIM concentrates the Kyeng-Ul Line and Kyeng-Won line because these lines appear a many public discontents and negative influences such as noise and demolition of living environment.

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