• 정신신체의학
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.35-44
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• 1993

This study was aimed at investigating the relationship of stress perception and psychopathology with biological variables such as systolic and diastolic blood pressure. serum total cholesterol high density lipoprotein and triglyceride in 50 adult patients with essential hypertension and 50 normotensive individuals. Both of the groups were matched to each other regarding age, sex, the level of education and BMI(body mass index). Stress perception and psychopathology between the two groups were compared using GARS and SCL-90-R scales. Biological variables such as blood pressure(systolic. diastolic), serum total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein and triglyceride were measured in all the subjects. The results were as follows ; 1) Hypertensive patients scored significantly higher than normotensive individuals in stress perception related to unusual happenings, change or no change in routine and overall global area, respectively. 2) Regarding psychopathology, hypertensive patients scored significantly higher than normotensive individuals in depression. hostility and interpersonal sensitivity. respectively. 3) Systolic blood pressure had a significantly positive correlation with scores of stress perception related to sickness and injury, and change or no change in routine, respectively. Diastolic blood pressure had a significantly positive correlation with scores of stress perception related to change or no change in routine. 4) In hypertensive patients. the level of serum total cholesterol had a significantly positive correlation with scores of stress perception related to unusual happenings. However, the level of serum triglyceride had a significantly negative correlation with scores of stress perception related to changes in relationships, sickness or injury, and change or no chang in routine. 5) There were no significant correlations between scores of stress perception and biological factors in the normotensive group. 6) The level of serum triglyceride correlated negatively with phobic anxiety in hypertensive group. whereas it correlated positively with PSDI in normotensive group. In conclusion, these results suggest that hypertensive patients have higher level of stress perception and psychopathology than normal individuals. In hypertensive patients, their stress perception is suggested to be correlated with serum cholesterol.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.48-61
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• 2018

Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the ordinary symptoms, special symptoms and Body Mass Index (BMI) according to Sasang constitution in female college students. Also, we aimed to analyze the factors affecting BMI. Methods Forty-four female college students participated in this study. Sasang Constitution was determined by Questionnaire for Sasang Constitution Classification (QSCC) II. BMI was measured and ordinary symptoms were acqired through the questionnaire. Special symptoms was determined by Fatigue Severity Index (FSS), Premenstrual Symptom Screening Tool (PSST), ROME III, Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), respectively. For statistical analysis, t-test, analysis of variance and correlation test has been used. Results There existed significant differences in ordinary symptoms and special symptoms between sasang constitutions. Taeumin had higher urine frequency than soyangin, soeumin had higher gap of feces than taeumin. Taeumin had higher BMI and ROME III score than soyangin and soeumin. They showed significant differences in ordinary symptoms and special symptoms according to BMI. Overweight and obese group is higher in water intake than low and normal group. Low weight and normal group is higher in gap of feces than overweight and obese group. High score group in PSST and ROME III showed high BMI than low score group. We analyzed the factors that affect BMI. BMI are highly correlated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Also, FSS, PSST, ROME III and OSDI showed high correlation with each other. Conclusion Urine frequency and gap of feces are different among sasang constitutional types. The obese group and normal group showed significant differences in water intake, gap of feces, PSST and ROME III score. It is found that factors that affecting BMI are systolic and diastolic blood pressure. These results may lead to identifying the causes and factors of obesity in female college students related to Sasang constitution.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.71-90
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• 1999

This study was conducted to examine the comfortability of wearing pantyhose in summer. To satisfy this purpose. 4 types of pantyhose were chosen from the market: a Mono type(M), a Wooly type(W), and two Support types(Sl, S2), were chosen. After the performances of samples were measured, these were worn by 8 healthy adult women. Under the summer field environment, psychological comfort ability was examined through the 5 steps of SD method. Physiological comfort ability was examined by measuring the body reactions(clothing pressure, skin temperature, total body weight loss, rectal temperature, pulse rates, and blood pressure), under the artificial environment($28.5{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$, $82{\pm}3%$). The results of this examination were as follows : The order of comfortability which people felt in the field was W>M>S1>S2. The number of items which showed the highest correlation with comfort ability decreased and the correlation was lowered on the whole as time went by. There was positive high correlation between the performances of samples and comfort ability in compressibility, air permeability, water vapor permeability, while a negative high correlation in thickness, weight, compressional resiliency, strain (course) and moisture regain. The mean skin temperature was in the comfort zone, and rectal temperature, pulse rates, blood pressure were mostly in the normal range. Also it was showed that the correlation between the performance of samples and body reactions, except total body weight loss, was low.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.191-200
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• 1986

It is now generally accepted that individuals at increased risk for cardiovascular disease may be identified by certain traits or habbits. The factors such as high blood pressure, elevated blood cholestrol, age, sex and obesity are associated with increseaed frequency of disease. The blood cholesterol level lowering will decrease cardiovascular disease risk. The regression of atherosclerosis can be achieved by lowering the level of circulating cholesterol. Those things are connected with the quantity and quality of protein, fats, carbohydrates, especially soluble and non-soluble fiber, magnesium and calcium. The lipoprotein and lipid metabolism are connected with the lipid transport. The factors on lipid absorption and blood serum lipid pattern of human are exist. The factors have a variety of materials with different chemical and physical properties. The soluble fiber diet make a low blood and liver lipids. Many kind of soluble fiber results in a lowering of blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels. The cholesterol lowering effects of dietery fiber may be a results of alterations of in intestinal handling of fats, hepatic metabolism of fatty acid or triglyceride acid metabolism of lipoprotein. It is investigated that the high density lipoprotein (HDL) is inversely related to coronary artery disease. It has been postulated that HDL may be an important factor in cholesterol efflux from the tissues, therby reducing the amount of cholesterol deposited there. Alternatively, the HDL may pick up cholestyl ester and phospholipid during normal VLDL lipolysis in the plasma. The HDL levels are relatively insensitive to diet. At present time, the cause-and -diet effect of HDL's inverse relation to CHD remains unclear.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.328-336
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the health behaviors by a risk level of metabolic syndrome (MS) among petty merchants in traditional markets. Methods: The data were collected through questionnaires and physical examination on abdominal circumstance, triglyceride, HDL, blood pressure, and FBS of 177 subjects in S city, Korea. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, ${\chi}^2$-test (or fisher's exact test) and ANOVA using SPSS/WIN 18.0 program. Results: The prevalence of MS was 15.8%, and risk group was 72.9%. The abdominal circumstance and triglyceride levels were higher in MS group than those of the risk group and normal group. The HDL and systolic blood pressure levels were also higher in MS group than those of the normal group. Conclusion: The prevalence of MS and risk groups was high among petty merchants in traditional markets. However, these merchants did not practice health behaviors nor take institutional health management benefit. Therefore, governmental level community based health management services are requested for them.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.65-74
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• 2008

Objectives : This experimental study was designed to investigate the effects of Lumbricus extract (LE) on the changes in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) in normal rats, and further to determine the mechanism of action of LE. Methods : The changes of rCBF were observed by Laser-Doppler flowmetry (LDF) and the changes of MABP were recorded by a data acquisition system assembled with MacLab and Macintosh. Results : LE significantly increased rCBF in a high dosage(10.0 mg/kg, i.p), but MABP was somewhat increased as compared with baseline. This result suggests that LE significantly increased rCBF by dilating pial arterial diameter. Increase of LE-induced rCBF was significantly inhibited by pretreatment with indomethacin (1 mg/kg, i.p), an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase, but was not significantly inhibited by pretreatment with methylene blue ($10{\mu}g/kg$, i.p), an inhibitor of guanylate cyclase. Conclusions : LE increased rCBF by dilating pial arterial diameter, and the action of this response was mediated by cyclooxygenase.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.266-275
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences of sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic obesity on the components of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) in adolescents. Methods: This study used the fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data from 2010 to 2011. The study included 859 adolescents aged 12 to 18 years. Descriptive statistics and simple and multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted using SAS 9.2. Results: Based on the results, adolescents with sarcopenic obesity had a higher risk of central obesity (AOR: 23.41, 95% CI: 12.76-43.97), high triglyceride (OR: 4.58, 95% CI: 2.69-7.79), low HDL-cholesterol (AOR: 2.66, 95% CI: 1.74-4.05), high blood pressure (AOR: 3.44, 95% CI: 1.37-8.68), and high fasting glucose (AOR: 2.37, 95% CI: 1.13-4.96) than their normal counterparts. Adolescents with non-sarcopenic obesity had a higher risk of central obesity (AOR: 19.75, 95% CI: 9.73-44.67), high triglyceride (OR: 3.09, 95% CI: 1.22-7.81), and low HDL-cholesterol (AOR: 2.73, 95% CI: 1.37-5.45) than normal youths, and these were not significantly related to high blood pressure and fasting glucose. Conclusion: Sarcopenic obesity was more related to the components of MetS than non-sarcopenic obesity. Since adolescents with sarcopenic obesity are a more vulnerable population, a prevention and management program for MetS and cardiovascular risk should be implemented in this population.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.429-444
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• 1997

This study aimed at investigating correlation of nutrients intake and serum lipids in middle-aged korean male and female workers. One hundred sixty eight(male ;105, female ;63) for adult aged 30-59yr(average age male ;36.5yr, female ;44.5yr) were selected as subjects during 2 months, from April to May, 1996. Nutrients intake status was investigated by questionnaire, 24-hour recall method. Antropometric assessments, serum lipids and blood pressure of the subjects were investigated. The results as follows: 1. Nutrients intake status ; male was superior to female. Vitamin A intakes of 40-49yr group were inferior to other group but amounts of intake were above Korean RDA(recommended dietary allowances), Intakes of calcium and vitamin C of 30-39yr and over 50yr group in female were below Korean RDA. In overweights group of male and underweight group of female, most nutrients intake were increased than other groups. 2. Antropometric assessments ; female was higher than male in BMI (body mass index). All subjects increasingly with age were increased in BMI. 3. Blood components were above normal range in triglyceride in both sexes and all subjects increasingly with age were increased In level of serum lipids and blood pressure, especially in male's forty and in female's fifty were higher than other groups In serum lipids and blood pressure. In overweights group, serum lipids and blood pressure had a significantly($\alpha$=0.05) increasing tendency in both sexes. 4. Serum lipids and connected factors; atherogenic index correlated positively with triglyceride, total-chol(total cholesterol), LDL-chol(low density-lipoprotein cholesterol) and negatively with HDL-chol(high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol) significantly(P＜0.001). Systolic blood pressure correlated positively with total-chol and diastolic blood pressure correlated positively with total-chol, LDL-chol significantly(P＜0.05). 5. Serum lipids and nutrients intake status: energy correlated positively(P＜0.05) with BMI, dietary fiber correlated positively with LDL-chol(P＜0.05), calcium correlated positively with triglyceride, atherogenic index and dietary fiber correlated negatively with BMI in male significantly(P＜0.05). Triglyceride correlated positively with vitamin C and phosphorus correlated negatively with BMI in female significantly(P＜0.05). Above results, in male's forty and in female's fifty were liable to variation in terms of serum lipids and blood pressure. As increasing triglyceride, total-chol, LDL-chol and decreasing HDL-chol Increased atherogenic index that suggest increasing risk of atherosclerosis. But, this point will be considered more subdivided study.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.101-106
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• 2005

Objectives : We conducted this study to examine the association between serum GGT levels within the normal range and the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases Methods : We examined the cross-sectional association between serum GGT and the systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLcholesterol), and uric acid among 975 subjects that participated in the health examination of a university hospital located in Daegu city. All the patients' GGT levels were within the normal range. Results : After adjustment were made for age, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, drinking frequency, exercise frequency and coffee intake, the serum GGT level was positively associated with fasting blood glucose (p<0.01), total cholesterol (p<0.01), and triglyceride (p<0.01) in men, and it was positively associated with fasting blood glucose (p<0.01), total cholesterol (p<0.05), triglyceride (p<0.01), and uric acid (p<0.01) in women. The associations were not significantly different depending on the status of alcohol drinking or obesity, except for the associations of serum GGT with diastolic blood pressure (P for interaction=0.04) and uric acid (P for interaction=0.04) between the lean and obese subjects. Conclusions : Serum GGT levels within the normal range were positively associated with fasting blood glucose, triglyceride and uric acid in most subgroups irrespective of the drinking or obesity status. These results suggest that GGT has important clinical implications as being more than just a marker of alcohol consumption and hepatobiliary disease.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.229-234
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• 2006

Objectives: Cardiovascular disease is one of the main causes of death and morbidity in Korea. In this study, the prevalence and incidence of developing hypertension in a male-workers' cohort were investigated during 3-years follow-up with a view to find the risk factors that affected the development of hypertension. Methods: Among the 5,374 people who participated in a routine health check up, 3,852 people with normal blood pressure and who had no history of hypertension were prospectively followed up for 3 years. The classification of hypertension was based on the JNC7 report (the Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure). Life style factors and underlying diseases that were related to the risk factors of hypertension were collected by using a self-report questionnaires via the internet. Results: The prevalence of hypertension was 28.3% (1,520/5,374) at the first screening (2001). It was found that the incidence in 2004 of hypertension for the follow-up subjects (3,711) who had normal blood pressure in 2001 was 7.6 per 100 person-year. Multiple logistic regression analysis of the variables related to the risk factors of hypertension was carried out. The relative risks were 1.037 (95% CI=1.022-1.053) as the age increased 1 year and 1.039 (95% CI=1.023-1.055) as the body mass index increased $1kg/m^2$. The relative risk for the prehypertensive group was 2.501 (95% CI=1.986-3.149) compared to the normotensive group. These results showed that age, body mass index and the baseline blood pressure were significantly related to the incidence of hypertension. Conclusions: The incidence of hypertension was 7.6 per 100 person-year during follow-up. It was concluded that the risk factors for developing hypertension in the short-term were age, BMI, and prehypertension; Especially, this showed that it is necessary for prehypertensives to manage their body weight and blood pressure to prevent hypertension in middle-age by modifying their life style.