• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.179-189
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• 2006

Objective: We investigated the efficacy of a 12-week supplementation of soy isoflavone with L-carnitine on the development of obesity in high fat-induced obese C57BL/6J mice, which are known as a good model of diet-induced obesity. Methods: We measured body weights, adipose tissue mass, serum/liver lipid profiles and fat cell size/number in C57BL/6J mice fed diets containing either low fat (4%) or high fat (35%), or high fat supplemented with soy isoflavone powder containing 10% isoflavone and L-camitine for 12 weeks. Results: Body weight gain, abdominal adipose tissue and liver weight were lower by 31% 78% and 31.4% respectively, in mice on high fat diet containing soy isoflavone+L-carnitine (SC mixture) compared with high fat diet group. Also, SC mixture improved serum lipid profiles such as total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and liver lipid profiles such as total lipids and TG. As subsequent results, this SC mixture prevented high-fat diet from accumulating TG in the liver. The size of fat cell was also significantly decreased in SC mixture fed mice. At the end point of this experiment, our results showed that feeding with soy isoflavone for 12 weeks finally increased camitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT 1) activity through elevating the level of CPT1 expression. Conclusions: This study suggests that long-tenn supplementation with dietary soy isoflavone and L-carnitine is more synergistically beneficial for the suppression of high-fat diet induced obesity by inhibiting liver TG accumulation and the gain in abdominal adipose tissue weight than that with soy isoflavone. The antiobesity effects of SC mixture might be attributed, at least in part, to the induction of fatty acid catabolism by soy isoflavone, genistein.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.95-100
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• 2011

The effect of diet supplementation of Antheraea pernyi (A. pernyi) silk fibroin on the lipid metabolism and antioxidant defense status in high fat-fed mice was investigated. The animals were given normal control diet (NC group), high fat diet (HF group), or high fat diet supplemented with A. pernyi silk fibroin powder (HFS group) for 7 weeks. After the experimental period, the HF group showed significant increase in body weight, plasma and hepatic total cholesterol levels, and hepatic triglyceride concentration, and decreased activities of hepatic antioxidant enzymes relative to NC group. However, the HFS group exhibited marked reduction in body weight, plasma cholesterol and hepatic triglyceride levels, hepatic lipogenic enzyme activities, and lipid peroxidation rate, and higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol level, fecal triglyceride content, and antioxidant enzymes activities compared with that of HF group. These findings demonstrate that dietary feeding of A. pernyi silk fibroin could improve the lipid metabolism and antioxidant defense system via regulation of hepatic antioxidant and lipogenic enzymes activities. Hence, this silk fibroin may be beneficial as a functional biomaterial for the development of therapeutic agent against high fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia and its related diseases.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.281-289
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• 1984

The present studies were designed to observe the effects of both dietary fat levels and P/S ratio on lipid components in plasma and tissues of young rats when cholesterol was supplemented at 1%(w/w) to four dietary groups providing total fat as 10%( LF ) or 45% ( HF ) of calories and P/S ratio as 0.2 or 4.0, Low Fat-0.2 : Low Fat-4.0 : High Fat-0.2 : High Fat-4.0. Plasma total cholesterol was increased almost to the same level in all dietary groups after the cholesterol supplement but the value of HF -0.2 was slightly higher than that of LF -0.2. Plasma TG was also increased in all dietary groups when cholesterol was supplemented but was more significantly increased in LF group than in HF group. HDL-cholesterol was slightly increased by cholesterol supplement but there was no effect by the total dietary fat level of previous diet. However, plasma HDL-cholesterol, total cholesterol and TG levels were slightly reduced in high fat diet of P/S 4.0. Total cholesterol per g -liver was higher in HF group than in LF group before and after cholesterol supplement even though it was increased more in LF group with cholesterol addition. Liver cholesterol was also higher in rats fed diets of P/S 4.0 at high fat level before and after cholesterol supplement. In contrast, total cholesterol per g-muscle was reduced by cholesterol supplement in all groups and it was significantly higher in LF than in HF. There was no significant effect in liver TG by total fat level and P/S ratio when cholesterol was supplemented. Muscle TG was lowered in all groups by cholesterol supplement but no effect by total fat level and P/S ratio.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.1544-1548
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• 2008

The aim of this study is to learn the effects of ST36 ST44 and ST25 ST36 electroacupuncture stimulation on high fat diet-induced obese mouse. The control group was provided with high fat diet without electroacupuncture stimulation, while the experimental group received a electroacupuncture stimulation on ST36 ST44 and ST25 ST36 with three frequencies (10Hz, 100Hz, 200Hz) for 5 times a week during five week periods with the high fat diet. We investigated the body weight, weight gain, and food intake. After the electroacupuncture stimulation, a significant inhibition of increase in weight was found in the experimental group compared with the high fat diet group. But there were no significant differences made by the change of acupoint combinations and frequencies. After the electroacupuncture stimulation, no significant change was found in the food intakes, but the weight gain a week was decreased compared with the high fat diet group. Electroacupuncture stimulation may be effective in treatments of obesity to high fat diet, But no significant difference was found between three frequencies.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.376-381
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 흰쥐 간장에 있어서 아실-CoA 합성효소 4의 세포내 소기관의 존재 여부를 확인함과 동시에 fasting, high fat diet, fat-free high sucrose diet, 퍼옥시솜 증식 인자인 DEHP [Di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate]를 급여한 흰쥐 간장에 있어서 ACS4의 발현에 대하여 조사하였다. ACS4는 ACSI과 마찬가지로 흰쥐 간장의 마이크로솜, 미토콘드리아와 퍼옥시솜에 존재하는 것으로 생각되며 미토콘드리아에서 가장 많은 단백질이 검출되었다. ACS4 mRNA는 절식하였을 때와 high fat diet, fat-free high sucrose diet을 급여하였을 때는 대조군에 비하여 2.3배 발현이 증가하였으며 DEHP을 급여하였을 때는 3.9배 mRNA의 증가를 나타내었다. 이러한 결과를 종합하여 보면 간장에 있어서 ACS4는 기본적인 $\beta$-산화뿐만 아니라 호르몬에 의한 조절과 간접적으로는 인슐린에 의한 조절도 받는 것으로 생각되며 다양한 기능을 수행하고 있음을 추측할 수 있다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.26-33
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• 2013

The effect of lycopene supplementation on the antioxidant system was investigated by analyzing lipid peroxide levels, glutathione contents, and antioxidant enzyme activities in Mongolian gerbils fed a high fat diet. Gerbils were fed on each experimental diet for 6 weeks; normal diet (NC), normal diet with 0.05% lycopene (NL), high fat diet (HF), and a high fat diet with 0.05% lycopene (HFL). Dietary supplementation of lycopene increased hepatic lycopene level in gerbils fed a normal or high fat diet (P < 0.05). Liver and erythrocyte concentrations of lipid peroxide increased in gerbils fed a high fat diet, whereas lycopene supplementation decreased liver and erythrocyte concentrations of lipid peroxide (P < 0.05). Hepatic total glutathione content was higher in the NL group than that in the NC group (P < 0.05). Total antioxidant status in plasma increased following lycopene supplementation compared with that of the non-lycopene supplemented groups (P < 0.05). Hepatic catalase activity increased following dietary lycopene supplementation (P < 0.05). Superoxide dismutase activity in liver remained unchanged with lycopene supplementation, but erythrocyte superoxide dismutase activity increased in NL group compared with NC group (P < 0.05). Glutathione-S-transferase activity increased in the NL group compared to NC group (P < 0.05). Liver and erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activity increased significantly in the NL group compared to that in the HF group (P < 0.05). Liver glutathione reductase activity was higher in the NL group than that in the NC group (P < 0.05). These results suggest that lycopene supplementation may be efficient for preventing chronic diseases induced by oxidative stress related to high fat diet.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.113-125
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• 2007

Objectives : This research was performed to investigate the effect of herbal acupuncture(Raphanus sativus) at Bisu($BL_{20}$) on weight gain, food intake, food efficiency, serum of lipid concentrations, liver function and HDL to total cholesterol ratio of rats fed high fat diet for 5weeks. Methods : Experimental groups were divided into high fat diet group(Control), high fat diet and saline in $BL_{20}$ treated group(Saline), high fat diet and Raphanus sativus-herbal acupuncture in $BL_{20}$ treated group(RHA-1, 0.058mg/ml/g), high fat diet and Raphanus sativus-herbal acupuncture in $BL_{20}$ treated group(RHA-2, 0.029mg/ml/g), high fat diet and Raphanus sativus-herbal acupuncture in $BL_{20}$ treated group(RHA-3, 0.011mg/ml/g), Herbal acupuncture was bilaterally treated at 0.2cc per 4days, total 14 times in 56days. Results : Body weight and food efficiency were decreased in saline, RHA-1, RHA-2. Feed intake was increased in saline, RHA-1, RHA- 2, RHA- 3. The level of serum total cholesterol was decreased in saline, RHA-1. The level of serum HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol were not significant. The level of serum triglyceride, Total Bilirubin were decreased in saline, RHA-1, RHA-2, RHA-3.The level of serum AST was decreased in RHA-1. But the level of serum ALT was increased in RHA-1. The level of atherogenic index was decreased in saline, RHA-1. The level of HTR was increased in saline, RHA-1. Conclusions : Raphanus sativus-herbal acupuncture in Bisu($BL_{20}$) can control body weight, feed intake and feed efficency ratio, total cholesterol, total bilirubin, and prevention cardiovascular risk.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of enzyme-treated radish (Raphanus sativus L.) leaves on lipid metabolism in rats fed a high fat diet. Rats were divided into four experimental groups which were composed of a high fat diet group (HF group), a high fat diet with 10% radish leaf powder-supplemented group (MA group), a high fat diet with 5% enzyme-treated radish leaf powder-supplemented group (MB group) and a high fat diet with 10% enzyme-treated radish leaf powder-supplemented group (MC group). Total dietary fiber content of enzyme-treated radish leaves were greater than untreated radish leaves. Body weight gain and food efficiency ratio (FER) of the HF group increased compared to the MA, MB and MC groups. The serum total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and atherogenic index contents in the radish leaf powder-supplemented groups were lower than that of the HF group, while those values for the MB and MC groups were significantly lower than that of the HF group. The serum HDL-cholesterol contents of the MB and MC groups increased compared to the HF group. The hepatic triglyceride contents of the MA, MB and MC groups decreased compared to the HF group. In fact, the hepatic triglyceride contents of the MB and MC groups were significantly lower than the MA group. The hepatic total cholesterol contents of the MB and MC groups significantly decreased compared to those of the HF group. The fecal total cholesterol contents of the MA, MB and MC groups significantly increased compared to those of the HF group. These results indicate that supplementation with enzyme-treated radish leaves increase the useful fiber contents. Furthermore, it may have a pronounced impact on lipid metabolism of serum and liver in rats fed a high fat diet.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.111-120
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• 2015

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of Sunsik prepared by steaming -drying cycles- on blood glucose and inflammatory markers in high fat diet-induced obese rats. The experimental animals were divided into five groups and subjected to diets for 8 weeks; normal diet (control), high fat diet (HF), and high fat diet+10% supplementation of Sunsik (1HF, 3HF, 7HF, 9HF). The results showed body weight, food efficiency ratio, blood glucose and insulin levels of high fat diet groups were significantly higher than those of the control group. Increased glucose levels by high fat diet were reduced to normal levels by the four Sunsik supplementations. Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) of the HF group was significantly higher than those of the control group, whereas supplementation with the four types of Sunsik reduced insulin resistance to similar levels as the control group. Increased insulin secretion and leptin levels of high fat diet-induced obese rats were significantly reduced by supplementation with the four types of Sunsik. C-reactive protein (CRP) of inflammation related components was significantly higher than the control group. However, increased CRP concentration by high fat diet was significantly reduced by supplementation with Sunsik.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.893-898
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• 2003

100% 글루코만난으로 제조된 국수의 체중감소 효과를 측정하기 위해 고지방식이에 의해 유도된 비만 흰쥐에게 35일간 급여 수준을 달리하여 공급하면서 비만지수, 혈청 및 혈액 영양생화학적 분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 고지방식이군인 NO군이 높은 체중증가량을 보였고, N25군, N50군 순으로 체중 감소정도가 컸다. 비만지수와 체지방 함량의 변화도 같은 경향이었으며, 혈액 및 혈청 생화학적 분석으로 영양상태를 측정 한 결과, 대체적으로 국수를 25% 섭취한 N25군이 국수를 50%섭취한 N50군에 비해 영양상태가 양호하게 나타났다. 본 연구 결과, 섬유성분이 대부분인 국수는 적은 양, 적은 칼로리로도 포만감을 주어 체중감량에 효과가 크나, 섭취 비율이 다른식이와 적절할 때 영양상에도 문제가 없음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서, 글루코만난으로 제조된 식품인 ‘국수’는 다이어트 식품소재로 좋은 효과가 있는 것으로 시사되었다.