• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.110-114
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• 2007

Dependence of the thermal stability of nickel silicide on the film stress of inter layer dielectric (ILD) layer has been investigated in this study and silicon nitride $(Si_3N_4)$ layer is used as an ILD layer. Nickel silicide was formed with a one-step rapid thermal process at $500^{\circ}C$ for 30 sec. $2000{\AA}$ thick $Si_3N_4$ layer was deposited using plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition after the formation of Ni silicide and its stress was split from compressive stress to tensile stress by controlling the power of power sources. Stress level of each stress type was also split for thorough analysis. It is found that the thermal stability of nickel silicide strongly depends on the stress type as well as the stress level induced by the $Si_3N_4$ layer. In the case of high compressive stress, silicide agglomeration and its phase transformation from the low-resistivity nickel mono-silicide to the high-resistivity nickel di-silicide are retarded, and hence the thermal stability is obviously improved a lot. However, in the case of high tensile stress, the thermal stability shows the worst case among the stressed cases.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.145-148
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• 2011

The thermal behavior of lithiated Si anodes has been investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). In particular, the effect of Si particle size on the thermal stability of a fully lithiated Si electrode was investigated. For DSC measurements, a lithiated Si anode was heated in a hermetically sealed high-pressure pan with a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) binder and a 1 M $LiPF_6$ solution in an ethylene carbonate (EC)-diethyl carbonate (DEC) mixture. The thermal evolution around $140^{\circ}C$ increases with lithiation and with decreasing particle size; this phenomenon is attributed to the thermal decomposition of the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) film. Exothermic peaks, following a broad peak at around $140^{\circ}C$, shift to a lower temperature with a decrease in particle size, indicating that the thermal stability of the lithiated Si electrode strongly depends on the Si particle size.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.667-676
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• 1999

The roles of ceria on three-way catalyst is to improve the noble metal dispersion and thermal stability of support ${\gamma}$-$Al_2O_3$. And, ceria has a oxygen storage capacity(OSC) under fuel rich/lean conditions to improve the operating windows of NOx, THC and CO conversion. However, ceria has weak thermal stability under high temperature due to the crystallite growth. So that, the OSC of ceria is decreased, and then the conversions of NOx, THC and CO is decreased. One way of enhancing the thermal stability and NOx, THC and CO conversion Pd-only catalyst is to improve as well as its thermal stability and oxygen storage capacity of the ceria. Especially, the appropriate mixing ratios of bulk and stabilized ceria are very important for designing principles of Pd-only three-way catalysts. In this paper, we discussed the thermal properties of stabilizedand unstabilized (bulk) ceria, and the oxygen storage capacity (OSC) of catalysts, and found the correlation between activity and the OSC of Pd-only catalysts with various different mixing ratios of bulk and stabilized ceria. Finally, we propose the design principles to improve the thermal stability of washcoated Pd-only catalysts.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2004.07b
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• pp.1142-1145
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• 2004

ZnO surge arresters continuously endure the operating voltages during the operation course, and in the mean time, which need to withstand occasionally transient voltages of lightning and switching overvoltages. Under these voltages, the ZnO varistors inside arresters would have aging phenomena, one important result of aging phenomena is the increasing of resistive currents of varistors, which leads to the increasing of power losses of varistors. And the operating voltage is continuously applied on the ZnO varistors, there is a degradation phenomenon existing in ZnO varistors. When the degradation reaches a certain degree, then the arrester must stop operation. The degradation is related to the applied voltage ratio, the applied voltage ratio is high, the degradation is quickly. When the power loss is higher than the thermal dispersion ability of house of arrester, then the arrester will thermally breakdown. In this study the thermal stability characteristics of surge arresters for high power wil be discussed on the view point of watt losses and thermal breakdown.

• Carbon letters
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.22-26
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• 2001

Na alloyed graphite intercalation compounds with stage 1 and 2 were synthesized using the high temperature and pressure technique. Thermal stability and staging transitions of the compounds were investigated depending on heating rates. The thermal stability and temperature dependence of the deintercalation compounds were characterized using differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) analyzer. Enthalpy of formations were confirmed at temperatures between 25 and $500^{\circ}C$, depending on the various heating rates. The structure ions and interlayer spaces of the graphite were identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Diffractograms of stages with non-integral (00l) values were obtained in the thermal decomposition process, and stacking disorder defects and random stage modes were observed. The average value of the interlayer C-C bond lengths were found approximately $2.12{\AA}$ and $1.23{\AA}$ from the diffractions. Based on the stage transition, the degree of the deintercalaton has a inverse-linear relationship against the heating rate.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.160-166
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• 2019

Cerium oxide ($CeO_2$, often called as Ceria) is one of the valuable rare earth oxide materials, which has been widely used for high temperature applications such as solid oxide fuel cells, automotive three-way catalysts and oxygen storage capacity. Considering those application, it is important to improve high redox and thermal stability with high surface morphology because the high surface area of $CeO_2$ could improve the catalytic reactivity at high temperature conditions. Herein we successfully fabricated hierarchical flower-like $CeO_2$ deposited via controlling pathway of precipitation reaction to supply carbonate ion lead to the flower-like morphology. The hexagonal lattice system of precipitated precursor shows better thermal stability then orthorhombic one during thermal cycling condition.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.126-133
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• 2008

Linear motors are efficient mechanism that offers high speed and positioning accuracy. By eliminating mechanical transmission mechanisms such as ball screw or rack-pinion, much higher speed and greater acceleration can be achieved without backlash or excessive friction. However, an important disadvantage of linear motor system is its high power loss and heating up of motor and neighboring machine components on operation. For the application of the linear motors to precision machine tools an effective cooling method and thermal optimizing measures are required. This paper presents an investigation into the thermal behavior of linear motors with the objective of deriving the optimum cooling conditions. To reach these goals several experiments were carried out, varying operating and cooling conditions. From the experimental results, this research proposed cooling conditions to improve the thermal characteristics of the linear motors.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.77-81
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• 2013

We have investigated thermal stability of the mechanical and thermal conductive properties of Cu/STS/Cu 3 layered clad metal lead frame material for a LED device package at different temperatures ranging from RT to $200^{\circ}C$. The fabricated Cu/STS/Cu clad metal has a good thermal stability for the mechanical tensile strength and thermal conductivity of the over 50 $Kg/mm^2$ to the $150^{\circ}C$ and 270 $W/m{\cdot}K$ to the $200^{\circ}C$, respectively. This clad metal lead frame material at a high temperature of $150^{\circ}C$ shows a reinforced mechanical tensile strength by 1.5 times to conventional pure copper lead frame materials and also a comparable thermal conductivity to typical copper alloy lead frame materials.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society For Composite Materials Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.132-136
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• 2003

A Multi-Spectral Camera (MSC) is the payload of KOMPSAT-2 which is designed for earth imaging in visible and near-Infrared region on a sun-synchronous orbit. The telescope in the MSC is a Ritchey-Chretien type with large aperture. The telescope structure should be well stabilized and the optical alignment should be kept steady so that best images can be achieved. However, the MSC is exposed to adverse thermal environment on the orbit which can give impacts on optical performance. Metering structure which is exposed to adverse space environment should have tight requirement of low thermal expansion and hygroscopic stability. In order to meet those stability requirements in addition to fundamental structural ones telescope structure was designed with newly developed graphite-cyanate composite which has high tensile modulus, high thermal conductivity and low moisture absorption compared with conventional graphite-epoxy composite. In this paper, space-borne telescope structure with new composite material will be presented and fulfillment of stability requirements will be verified with designed structure.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2012.08a
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• pp.376-376
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• 2012

Semiconductor nanowires (NWs) are future building block for nano-scale devices. Especially, Ge NWs are fascinated material due to the high electrical conductivity with high carrier mobility. It is strong candidate material for post-CMOS technology. However, thermal stability of Ge NWs are poor than conventional semiconductor material such as Si. Especially, when it reduced size as small as nano-scale it will be melted around CMOS process temperature due to the melting point depression. Recently, Graphene have been intensively interested since it has high carrier mobility with single atomic thickness. In addition, it is chemically very stable due to the $sp^2$ hybridization. Graphene films shows good protecting layer for oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance of metal surface using its chemical properties. Recently, we successfully demonstrated CVD growth of monolayer graphene using Ge catalyst. Using our growth method, we synthesized Ge/graphene core/shell (Ge@G) NW and conducted it for highly thermal stability required devices. We confirm the existence of graphene shell and morphology of NWs using SEM, TEM and Raman spectra. SEM and TEM images clearly show very thin graphene shell. We annealed NWs in vacuum at high temperature. Our results indicated that surface melting phenomena of Ge NWs due to the high surface energy from curvature of NWs start around $550^{\circ}C$ which is $270^{\circ}C$ lower than bulk melting point. When we increases annealing temperature, tip of Ge NWs start to make sphere shape in order to reduce its surface energy. On the contrary, Ge@G NWs prevent surface melting of Ge NWs and no Ge spheres generated. Furthermore, we fabricated filed emission devices using pure Ge NWs and Ge@G NWs. Compare with pure Ge NWs, graphene protected Ge NWs show enhancement of reliability. This growth approach serves a thermal stability enhancement of semiconductor NWs.