• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권9호
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• pp.235-247
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• 2021

The objective of this paper is to clarify the relationship between ICT application and labor productivity in Vietnamese manufacturing firms and connect it with the context of economic restructuring in Vietnam. The study uses data of 3,428 manufacturing firms from the General Statistics Office of Vietnam and regression models. In addition to the general model, the study also runs the models for sub-samples of firms of different production technology levels. Research results show two main points. First, information technology can enhance the labor productivity of Vietnamese manufacturing firms. This is true for both ICT hardware applications, ICT services, ICT software solutions, and employees' ICT skills in firms. Second, manufacturing firms with higher levels of production technology use ICT more effectively and achieve a higher impact on labor productivity. The results confirm that the Vietnamese government can stimulate ICT application and digital transformation in firms, thereby increasing labor productivity and promoting economic restructuring in the direction of shifting from agriculture to industry and from low-tech industries to high-tech ones. The results also provide implications for business managers and policymakers in other developing countries who are adopting the digital economy as a development strategy.

• 기술혁신연구
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.1-27
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• 2011

본 연구는 1984년부터 패널자료의 확보가 가능한 17개 OECD 국가를 표본으로 하여 R&D 생산성 및 효율성에 대한 실증분석을 통해 비교하고 우리나라의 수준과 특징을 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 그 성과를 산출(output) 측면과 성과(outcome) 측면으로 구분하고, 맘퀴스트 생산성지수와 자료포락분석방법을 활용하여 R&D경로단계별 생산성 및 효율성과 그 변화추이를 비교분석하였다. 우리나라는 R&D 투자 대비 산출 생산성은 매우 높은 반면, 평균효율성은 매우 낮게 나타났으며, 효율성의 시계열 변화추이를 보면 최초 지수 0.10에서 시작하여 최종 0.83까지 가파르게 상승하면서 주요 선진국들 수준에 도달하였다. R&D 산출 대비 생산성은 매우 낮으며, 통합 프런티어에 대한 효율성은 최초 지수 1.00에서 최종 0.057까지 주요 선진국들 수준으로 가파르게 하락하여 왔다. 그리고 상관분석을 통해 R&D 산출 대비 생산성이 곧 R&D 투자 대비 생산성을 가늠하는 지표가 될 수 있음을 보았다. 본 연구는 우리나라의 R&D 생산성 및 효율성 향상을 위해서는 R&D 투자 및 산출 증대의 노력이상으로 R&D 산출물의 활용 측면이 보다 강화되어야 하고 이를 위해 효과적인 기술확산 체계 구축, 기술금융시장환경 조성 및 사업화에 성공하기까지 실질적인 인큐베이팅 제공 등 전반적인 기술사업화 시스템의 혁신이 주요 과제임을 시사하고 있다.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2000년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.45-50
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• 2000

A. pullulan ATCC 42023를 사용하여 고분자량의 pullulan을 대량생산하기 위한 연구로써, 탄소원의 농도, 용존산소량과 pH가 균체 성장 및 pullulan 생산에 미치는 영향에 대하여 연구하였다. Glucose의 당 농도에 따른 실험결과에서 glucose 농도가 0.3M (54g/1)일 때 최대의 pullulan 생산률을 나타내었고, 0.3M (54g/1)이상에서는 productivity가 급격하게 감소하는 기질 저해현상을 나타내었다. 삼각플라스크를 이용한 초기 pH의 영향에 대한 실험결과, 초기 pH 6.5는 $11.98g/{\ell}$의 pullulan을 생산하였고, pH 4.5로 일정하게 조절한 결과, pullulan 생산은 $13.31g/{\ell}$의 최대값을 나타내었다. 그러나 균체성장은 pH 6.5에서 가장 높았다. 그리고 용존산소량의 증가로 pullulan productivity를 증가시킬 수 있었다. 또한 산업적으로 유용한 고분자량의 pullulan을 생산하기 위한 탄소원으로 아미노당인 glucosamine을 사용하여 pullulan의 생성 및 분자구조 변형에 대하여 실험하였다. 탄소원 농도 50g/1 기준에서, glucose와 glucosamine을 40 : 60의 비율로 혼합하여 공급 하였을 때 분자량 20만 이상의 mediun size 및 200만 이상의 high molecular weight의 productivity가 가장 높았으며, A. pullulans의 specific growth rate도 가장 높았다.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.132-140
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• 2007

건설 산업의 새로운 부가가치 영역으로 초고층 주거건축에 대한 관심과 투자가 증가하고 있다. 이러한 초고층 건축물을 시공하는 과정에서 많은 작업들이 층별로 반복적이며 동시에 진행되는 마감공사는 업체별 공사 관리 능력에 따라 공기 차이가 발생하고 있고, 이는 전체 사업 공기에 큰 영향을 주고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 마감공사의 효율적 수행을 위해서는 초고층 주거 건축물 마감공사의 현장 특성을 고려한 작업의 생산성 영향요인을 도출하고 중요 요인에 대한 중점 관리의 필요성이 제기되고 있다. 생산성 영향요인에는 기술적 요소 외에도 마감공사의 프로세스를 계획하고 관리하는 많은 복합적인 요소들이 존재한다. 본 연구에서는 계층 분석적 의사결정 기법인 AHP 분석을 통해 마감공사 프로세스의 계획 및 관리 요인측면에서 생산성 영향요인의 중요도를 분석하였다. 이와 같이 중요도가 높게 나온 요인 중 잠재 개선 효과가 큰 요인들에 대한 중점 관리 및 연구를 수행한다면 마감공사의 생산성 영향요인에 대한 이해를 높여주는 한편 실무적 관리방향을 제시함으로써 건설기업의 체계적 인 생산성 관리에 기여할 수 있을 것이다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.99-104
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• 2017

Background: Workers laboring in steel industries in tropical settings with high ambient temperatures are subjected to thermally stressful environments that can create well-known risks of heat-related illnesses and limit workers' productivity. Methods: A cross-sectional study undertaken in a steel industry in a city nicknamed "Steel City" in Southern India assessed thermal stress by wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) and level of dehydration from urine color and urine specific gravity. A structured questionnaire captured self-reported heat-related health symptoms of workers. Results: Some 90% WBGT measurements were higher than recommended threshold limit values ($27.2-41.7^{\circ}C$) for heavy and moderate workloads and radiational heat from processes were very high in blooming-mill/coke-oven ($67.6^{\circ}C$ globe temperature). Widespread heat-related health concerns were prevalent among workers, including excessive sweating, fatigue, and tiredness reported by 50% workers. Productivity loss was significantly reported high in workers with direct heat exposures compared to those with indirect heat exposures ($x^2=26.1258$, degrees of freedom = 1, p < 0.001). Change in urine color was 7.4 times higher among workers exposed to WBGTs above threshold limit values (TLVs). Conclusion: Preliminary evidence shows that high heat exposures and heavy workload adversely affect the workers' health and reduce their work capacities. Health and productivity risks in developing tropical country work settings can be further aggravated by the predicted temperature rise due to climate change, without appropriate interventions. Apart from industries enhancing welfare facilities and designing control interventions, further physiological studies with a seasonal approach and interventional studies are needed to strengthen evidence for developing comprehensive policies to protect workers employed in high heat industries.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.471-477
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• 2010

In order to improve bio-ethanol productivity by various cultivation methods in this paper, the culture modes using food wastes, such as batch culture, high-cell-density fermentation, SSF (simultaneous saccharification and fermentation) by fill & draw, continuous culture by fill & draw were performed and their productivities were compared. SSFs by fill & draw were performed by continuous decompression using 1 L evaporator system, and by 10 L bioreactor without decompression. In addition, the continuous cultures by fill & draw mode using SFW (saccharafied food wastes) medium were performed by changes of 40% culture broth with intervals of 12 h (0.03 $h^{-1}$), 6 h (0.07 $h^{-1}$), 3 h (0.13 $h^{-1}$). Consequently, productivities of bio-ethanol were 2.52 g/L-h and 1.30 g/L-h in batch culture and high- cell-density fermentation, respectively. The productivities of SSF by fill & draw showed 2.24 g/L-h and 2.03 g/L-h in continuous decompression with 1 L evaporator and 10 L bioreactor without decompression, respectively. Also, the productivities in continuous culture by fill & draw modes showed 2.02 g/L-h, 4.07 g/L-h and 6.25 g/L-h by medium change with intervals of 12 h, 6 h, and 3 h, respectively. In conclusion, the highest ethanol productivity was obtained in the continuous culture mode by fill & draw with dilution rate of 0.13 $h^{-1}$.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.265-273
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• 2020

We aimed to predict the Italian ryegrass (IRG) productivity change of introduced and domestic varieties based on climate factors and identify suitable areas for IRG cultivation using the RCP 8.5 scenario. The minimum mean air temperature in January showed the highest correlation with productivity. The ratio of possible and low productivity areas was high in Gangwondo, and the ratio of suitable and best suitable areas was relatively high in the central and southern regions in the past 30 years. The change in the IRG cultivation area was found to be 26.9% in the best suitable area between 1981-2010 but increased significantly to 88.9% between 2090s. In the IRG suitability comparison classes between domestic and introduced cultivars, the ratio of suitable and best suitable areas was relatively high in the domestic varieties during the past 30 years. However, there is almost no difference between the IRG domestic and introduced varieties in the IRG suitability classes after the 2050s. These results can predict changes in the IRG suitability classes between domestic and introduced cultivars according to the climate change scenario, but there are limitations in accurately predicting the productivity of IRG because the results may vary depending on other environmental factors.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.338-346
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 국적외항선사를 대상으로 DEA에 의한 Malmquist 생산성지수를 측정하여 주요 재무비율(수익성, 재무안정성, 유동성, 효율성, 생산성 간에 영향 관계와 판별력을 규명하여 생산성을 개선할 방안을 제시하였다. 2017년에 비하여 2018년에 생산성(MPI)이 증대한 선사보다 감소한 선사가 11개 많다. 생산성 감소는 주로 내부환경의 영향을 받는 기술적 효율성 변화지수(TECI)의 감소가 주요인이며, 생산성이 증대된 선사는 외부환경의 영향을 받는 기술변화지수(TCI)의 증대로 나타나고 있다. 또한 생산성(MPI)과 경영효율성(CRS) 간의 강한 유의적인 상관관계를 보인다. 선사 내부요인에 의한 기술적 효율성변화지수(TEC)는 효율적인 선사가 유의적으로 높은데 순수효율성 변화가 아니고 규모효율성변화의 차이에 기인한다. 용선비/매출 비율은 생산성이 높은 선사(0.17)가 낮은 선사(0.21)에 비하여 낮고, 매출액영업이익률은 MPI>1인 선사는 7%인데 MPI<1인 선사는 1%에 불과하여 용선비 규모와 영업수익성은 생산성과 밀접한 관련이 있는 것으로 판명된다. 따라서 외항선사는 용선비중을 줄이고 내부적인 경영효율 개선을 통한 규모 효율과 생산성을 증대시켜야만 채산성을 높일 수 있는 것으로 확인하였다.

• 천문학논총
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.123-128
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• 2008

Productivity of the Giant Magellan Telescope is estimated based on the annual number of papers produced by the currently operating large telescopes such as the telescope at the ESO La Silla observatory, CFHT, AAT, the Magellan telescopes, ESO VLT, Japanese Subaru, the Gemini telescopes, and the Keck telescopes. We find that the amount of papers produced by a large telescope is roughly proportional to the diameter of its primary mirror. With this fact, we estimate the SCI-paper productivity of the Giant Magellan Telescope by extrapolating the productivity of the above-mentioned large telescopes. Moreover, according to the paper written in 2001 by Benn and Sanchez, the amount of highly-cited papers produced by a large telescope is roughly proportional to the light-gathering power of the telescope or the square of the diameter. Hence, we survey the productivity of Nature-class papers of the large telescopes and extrapolate the relationship to estimate the productivity of the Nature-class papers by using the Giant Magellan telescope of a filled aperture 21.4 meters in diameter. We expect that Korean astronomers will be able to produce annually 60 SCI-class papers and 20 Nature-class papers with high scientific impact by using the telescope-time corresponding to the 10% share of the Giant Magellan Telescope.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.1845-1850
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• 2015

Background: Cancer is recently one of the major concerns of the public health both in the world and Iran. To inform priorities for cancer control, this study estimated years of potential life lost (YPLL) and productivity losses due to cancer-related premature mortality in Iran in 2012. Materials and Methods: The number of cancer deaths by sex for all cancers and the ten leading causes of cancer deaths in Iran in 2012 were obtained from the GLOBOCAN database. The life expectancy method and the human capital approach were used to estimate the YPLL and the value of productivity lost due to cancer-related premature mortality. Results: There were 53,350 cancer-related deaths in Iran. We estimated that these cancer deaths resulted in 1,112,680 YPLL in total, 563,332 (50.6%) in males and 549,348 (49.4%) in females. The top 10 ranked cancers accounted for 75% of total death and 70% of total YPLL in the males and 69% for both death and YPLL in the females. The largest contributors for YPLL in the two genders were stomach and breast cancers, respectively. The total cost of lost productivity due to cancer-related premature mortality discounted at 3% rate in Iran, was US$ 1.93 billion. The most costly cancer for the males was stomach, while for the females it was breast cancer. The percentage of the total costs that were attributable to the top 10 cancers was 67% in the males and 71% in the females. Conclusions: The YPLL and productivity losses due to cancer-related premature mortality are substantial in Iran. Setting resource allocation priorities to cancers that occur in younger working-age individuals (such as brain and central nervous system) and/or cancers with high incidence and mortality rates (such as stomach and breast) could potentially decrease the productivity losses and the YPLL to a great extent in Iran.