• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제35권10호
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• pp.1097-1103
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• 2011

액적충돌침식은 증기나 공기에 포함된 액적이 금속 소재에 고속으로 충돌할 때 모재가 손상되는 현상이다. 액적충돌침식 손상은 증기터빈이나 빗방울과 부딪치는 항공기에서 주로 발생되어 왔으나 최근에는 원전 배관에서도 발생하고 있다. 원전 배관 중에서도 특히 높은 압력강하가 발생하고 2상 증기가 흐르는 배관에서 주로 발생한다. 실제 2011년 초반 국내 한 원전에서는 2상 증기가 흐르는 배관에서 액적충돌침식 손상으로 인한 누설이 발생한 바 있다. 본 논문에서는 액적충돌침식 손상이 발생한 배관에 대하여 손상을 억제할 수 있는 설계변경 방안에 관한 연구를 수행하였다. 설계변경은 유체 유동측면에서 분석하였으며, 상용 수치해석 코드인 FLUENT를 이용하였다.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.147-152
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• 2017

In the present study, we used a loop thermosyphon heat exchanger consisting of condensers with internal fins and external plate fins which are 480 mm wide, 68 mm long, and 1,000 mm high. The heat transfer pipes in the heat exchanger were 15 mm in diameter and 1,000 mm in length, and 98 heat transfer pipes were installed in the heat exchanger. According to the experimental results, as the spaces between the internal discontinuous pins decreased, the frequency of pressure drops increased and changes in temperature at the outlet of the condenser were shown to be a little smaller. Therefore, we can see that as the spaces between internal discontinuous pins decreased, the heat transfer performance increased. For the loop heat pipe heat exchanger consisting of a condenser with internal and plate fins, as the temperature of the air flowing into the condenser increased, the condensation heat transfer rate also increased, and as the condenser refrigerant inflow temperature increased, the condensation heat transfer rate increased as well.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제4권6호
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• pp.236-241
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• 2005

Hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) is one of the hydrogen degradation phenomena of linepipe steels caused by $H_2S$ gas in the crude oil or natural gas. However, NACE TM0284-96 standard HIC test method is hard to satisfy the steel requirements for sour service application since it uses more severe environmental conditions than actual conditions. Therefore, in order to use steels effectively, it is required to evaluate HIC resistance of steels in the practical range of environmental severity. In this study, HIC resistance of two high strength low alloy (HSLA) steels being used as line pipe steels was evaluated in various test solutions with different $H_2S$ pressures and pH values. The results showed that the key parameter affecting crack area ratio (CAR) is $H_2S$ partial pressure of test solution when the pH value of test solution is not over 4. Hydrogen diffusivity was not a constant value, but it was rather affected by the hydrogen ion concentration (pH value) in the solution.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제30권7호
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• pp.671-681
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• 2006

This study focuses on the development of numerical procedure to analyze the nonlinear combustion instabilities in liquid rocket engine. Nonlinear behaviors of acoustic instabilities are characterized by the existence of limit cycle in linearly unstable engines and nonlinear or triggering instability in linearly stable engines. To discretize convective fluxes with high accuracy and robustness, approximated Riemann solver based on characteristics and Euler-characteristic boundary conditions are employed. The present procedure predicts well the transition processes from initial harmonic pressure disturbance to N-like steep-fronted shock wave in a resonant pipe. Longitudinal pressure oscillations within the SSME(Space Shuttle Main Engine) engine have been analyzed using the pressure-sensitive time lag model to account for unsteady combustion response. It is observed that the pressure oscillations reach a limit cycle which is independent of the characteristics of the initial disturbances and depends only on combustion parameters and operating conditions.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제10권10호
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• pp.2602-2608
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• 2009

비순정품 머플러는 경험에 의존하여 개발하는 경우가 다수이며, 국내에서는 그 해석과 평가가 미흡한 실정이다. 기존 비순정품 머플러는 지나치게 높은 압력강하량으로 인하여 엔진의 순조로운 작동을 저해하였다. 본 연구에서는 1500cc 가솔린 엔진의 비순정품 머플러의 압력강하량 저감을 위하여 각종 해석과 실험을 수행하였다. 다양한 모델을 실험한 결과, 동등한 흡음효과를 가지면서 기존의 비순정품 머플러 대비 우수한 압력강하량과 진동 특성을 가지는 머플러를 개발하였다. 개발된 머플러는 압력펄스에 기인하여 진동을 발생시키는 폐쇄된 공간을 배제하고 입구파이프를 이분화하는 구조를 가지고 있다.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.714-720
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• 1998

The differential pressure venturi-cone flowmeter is an advanced flowmeter which has many advantages such as wide range of measurement, high accuracy, excellent flow turn-down ratio, low headless, short installation pipe length requirement, and etc. Like other differential pressure flowmeters, the venturi-cone flowmeter uses the law of energy conservation, but its shape and position make it perform better than others. The cone acts as its own flow conditioner and mixer, fully conditioning and mixing the flow prior to measurement. For the analysis, we used Reynolds-averaged Wavier-Stokes equations and k-$\omega$ turbulence model. The equations were fully transformed into the computational domain, the pressure-velocity coupling was made through SIMPLER algorithm, and the equations were discretized using finite analytic solutions of the liberalized equations(Finite Analytic Method). To control the separation phenomenon on the cone surface, we proposed a new shape of cone, and analyzed the flowfield in the new flowmeter system, and found the improvement on the performance of the new cone flowmeter.

• 한국압력기기공학회 논문집
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.44-50
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• 2011

Turbulent mixing of hot and cold coolants is one of the possible causes of high cycle thermal fatigue in piping systems of nuclear power plants. A typical situation for such mixing appears in turbulent flow through a T-junction. Since the high cycle thermal fatigue caused by thermal striping was not considered in the piping fatigue design in several nuclear power plants, it is very important to evaluate the effect of thermal striping on the integrity of mixing tees. In the present work, before conducting detailed evaluation, three thermal striping evaluation methodology suggested by EPRI, JSME and NESC are analyzed. Then, a by-pass pipe connected to the shutdown cooling system heat exchanger is investigated by using these evaluation methodology. Consequently, the resulting thermal stresses and the fatigue life of the mixing tee are reviewed and compared to each other. Futhermore, the limitation of each methodology are also presented in this paper.

• 한국압력기기공학회 논문집
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.51-59
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• 2017

Steam jets ejected from a rupture zone of high energy pipes may cause damage to adjacent structures. This event could lead to more serious accidents in nuclear power plants. Therefore, to prevent serious accidents, high energy pipes of nuclear power plants are designed according to the ANSI / ANS 58.2 technical standard. However, the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) has recently pointed out non-conservatism in existing high energy pipe fracture evaluation methods, and required the assessment of the unsteady load of the jet caused by a potential feedback mechanism as well as the impact range of steam jet, the jet impact loads and the blast wave effects at the initial breakage stage. The potential feedback mechanism refers to a phenomenon in which a vortex formed by impingement jets amplifies vortex itself and induces jet vibration in a shear layer. In this study, CFD methodology using the LES turbulence model is established and numerical analysis is carried out to evaluate the dynamic behavior of impingement jets and the potential feedback mechanism during jet impingement. Obtained results have been compared with an empirical correlation and experiment.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2007

SPPH강의 응력부식 균열과 용접 결함의 AE 신호의 특성을 살펴보았다. 고압배관 용접부의 결함 진전을 유도하기 위하여 부식용액(NaOH)과 국부가열 후 급랭 등의 기법을 적용하여 시험체를 제작하였다. AE 신호분석 결과, 결함으로 의심되는 영역에서 발생되는 AE 신호의 진폭은 $60{\sim}75\;dB$로 나타났으며 누적 진폭 분포 특성 조사에서 용접결함만이 존재하는 시험체는 0.034, 0.034, 0.035의 기울기를 나타내며 부식을 가한 시험체는 용접결함 기구와 부식기구가 합해져 새로운 기울기인 0.040, 0.039, 0.041로 그 차이는 적으나 기울기의 증가가 확인되었다. 가압 3분 이후 각 구간에서 응력부식결함에 의한 AE신호의 검출이 용이하였고 본 실험을 통하여 급작스런 취성파괴를 일으키는 특성을 가지고 있는 응력부식균열(SCC)의 발생 예측과 피해 예방이 가능함을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국압력기기공학회 논문집
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.74-83
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• 2020

A number of so-called 'Type IV' cracking was reported to occur at the welded joints of the P91 steel or P92 steel reheat steam piping systems in Korean supercritical thermal power plants. The reheat steam piping systems are subjected to severe thermal and pressure loading conditions of coolant higher than 570℃ and 4MPa, respectively. In this study, piping analyses and design evaluations were conducted for the piping system of a specific thermal plant in Korea and suggestions were made how structural integrity could be improved so that type IV cracks at the welded joints could be prevented. Integrity evaluations were conducted as per ASME B31.1 code with implicit consideration of creep effects which was used in original design of the piping system and as per nuclear-grade RCC-MRx code with explicit consideration of creep effects. Comparisons were made between the evaluation results from the two design rules. Another approach with modification or reduction of the redundant supports in the piping systems was investigated as a tool to mitigate thermal stresses which should essentially contribute to prevention of Type IV cracking without major modification of the existing piping systems. In addition, a post weld heat treatment method and repair weld method which could improve integrity of the welded joint of P91 steel were investigated.