• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.83-93
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• 2013

This study has been performed to analyze and consider the problems after 30 years in terms of landscape design competition process in Korea, so that it can provide the basic data, which can improve the future landscape design competition. We have used Delphi Investigation to carry out a survey that targets professionals and identifies problems. The results are summarized as follows. Firstly, the results of the analysis of Landscape Design Competition for institution theory and case studies showed that there is an issue from four perspectives which are 'method of design competition', 'guidelines for design competition', 'winner selection process', and 'design changes after winning' Secondly, the process by professional Delphi performed expert analysis, and agree with expert opinion. As a result, we derived the problems of a landscape design competition system with the 12 items. Third, in the 'design competition style', two items, the 'design competition style' and 'problem of design public offering period' had become a problem. Fourth, the 'Guidelines for design competition', 'non-hierarchical excess of the amount of instructions', 'directive determined the guidelines', and the 'provision of confusion' three items had also become a problem. Fifth, 'sex expert committee review selection process winning work', 'Problems of participation', 'examination scoring system experts lack', and 'non-landscaping' had become a problem. Sixth, 'The design of the original order' as much as possible 'design changes after the winning work' Four 'order to Comments to reduce the creativity of the design of the climate', 'original extension', 'contractor feedback of excess without the promise of frequent personnel changes', design period of the person in charge is reflected in excess item has become a problem. I considered that a continuous research on the improvement of the problems of the landscape design competition system based on the results must be performed.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.254-263
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to verify whether there is a mediating effect of social integration in the relationship between the elderly's change of life and satisfaction of care service through the 'Donation Bank of Social Contribution Activities'. The ultimate aim is to improve social values and the quality of life of the senior citizens. In order to achieve the purpose of this study, a survey was conducted focusing on senior citizens using care services from 50 institutions performing Care Bank activities and data of 434 people were finally used for analysis. For the analysis method, frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis were applied by using SPSS 25 package program. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the life changes of caring elderly had a significant effect on satisfaction of care service. In addition, the social integration had a statistically significant mediating effect on the relationship between the elderly's change of life and satisfaction with care service. Based on these findings, practical and policy alternatives were discussed to improve the quality of life of senior citizens, and to enhance social integration and satisfaction with care services.

• The Journal of Small Business Innovation
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.1-15
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• 2016

Entrepreneurs usually require financing for starting their businesses. Their primary source may be personal savings, family and friends' funds, or loans from banks and other financial institutions. Immigrant and native entrepreneurs may differ in their sources of financing, and their differences in sources may depend on their societal context. The research questions are, how does an entrepreneur's migration status -immigrant versus native-influence primary source of financing, and how is this influence moderated by wealth of the country? Data are a sample of 14,369 immigrant and native owner-managers of starting businesses in 29 countries, surveyed in the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, and analyzed by hierarchical mixed models. Analyses reveal that immigrant and native entrepreneurs similarly frequently have their personal savings and family as the primary source of funding. Native entrepreneurs, more often than immigrant entrepreneurs, have banks and other financial institutions as the primary source of funding. Immigrants, more often than native entrepreneurs, have friends and yet other sources as the primary source of funding. These effects of migration status upon source of financing, however, are moderated by the national context, in that wealth of the country boosts the immigrants' use of friends and other sources of financing.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.395-405
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• 2017

This study was designed to examine the degree of empathic ability, gratitude disposition, and job satisfaction, and identify that the impact on job satisfaction of psychiatric nurses. Participants were 196 psychiatric nurses from 8 psychiatric hospitals in Korea. Data were collected from October 8 to 20, 2016 and were analyzed using independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients and hierarchical multiple regression with the SPSS WIN 22.0 program. The mean score of job satisfaction was $3.3{\pm}0.34$, empathic ability was $3.5{\pm}0.28$, and gratitude disposition was $4.0{\pm}0.59$. The psychiatric nurses' empathic ability and gratitude disposition affected their job satisfaction, accounting for 18.5% of the total variance. Empathic ability influenced job satisfaction significantly (B=0.52, p<.001) for 17.0% of the variance. This study suggested that the development of training programs for improving job satisfaction needs to consider their empathic ability and gratitude disposition of psychiatric nurses.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.105-113
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• 2016

This study was conducted to identify the Convergence influence of job satisfaction of care service providers on their psycho-social well-being status. A study subjects were 308 care service providers employed in local self-support centers for Social Service in Gwangju, Jeonam Jeonbuk province, from whom data was collected using self-administrated structured questionnaire after regular holiday education. In consequence hierarchical multiple regression analysis, research findings; adjusting general and occupational characteristics, the higher they perceived sub-dimensions of job satisfaction such as relationship with job demands(${\beta}=0.393$, p=.063), clients(${\beta}=0.669$, p=.000), relationship with peers and supervisors(${\beta}=0.229$, p=.068) the better their psychosocial well-being status was. And psychosocial well-being status of those who held certificate of care provider(${\beta}=4.815$, p=.003), helpers for neonate and mother(${\beta}=4.348$, p=.011) were higher than that of those who did not, which reflexed difference in their clients. As a results, promote mental health of care providers, it would be necessary to provide them training programs for facilitating human relationships with clients, peers and supervisors.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.302-318
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to verify the effects of benefit sought of food products on SNS-WOM information characteristics, purchase intention, and SNS-WOM with regards to food products. In addition, the mediating role of SNS-WOM information characteristics was also examined. A survey was conducted from March 10th to 30th using an SNS based convenience sampling method. A total of 350 responses were collected, of which 326 were used for analysis, after excluding responses containing missing data. Multiple regression and hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to verify the hypotheses. The results from this study are as follows. First, it was found that diversity and utilitarian benefits of food products had a greater effect on consensus of SNS than the symbolic and experimental benefits. However, symbolic and experimental benefits of food products had a greater effect on neutrality of SNS than the diversity and utilitarian benefits. Second, only consensus of SNS-WOM information characteristics significantly impacted purchase intention of food products. Third, consensus of SNS-WOM information characteristics had a greater effect on SNS-WOM intention of food products than the neutrality of SNS-WOM information characteristics. Fourth, SNS-WOM information characteristics were found to mediate the relationship between benefit sought and purchase intention of food products. Fifth, SNS-WOM information characteristics were found to mediate the relationship between benefit sought and SNS-WOM intention of food products.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.145-155
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to review the relationship between empowerment and innovative behavior, and the moderating effect of psychological ownership in small business. In order to verify and achieve the purposes mentioned above, questionnaire data are gathered and analysed from 315 employees in manufacturing enterprises of Kangwon-do province. Multiple regression and multiple hierarchical regression analysis were applied to test the proposed hypotheses: 1) the relationship between empowerment(meaning, autonomy, self-efficacy, impact) and innovative behavior(idea development, idea implementation), 2) the moderating effect of PO(psychological ownership for organization) on the relationship between empowerment and innovative behavior, 3) the moderating effect of PJ(psychological ownership for job) on the relationship between empowerment and innovative behavior. Empirical survey's findings are as follows; First, empowerment(meaning, autonomy, self-efficacy, impact) appeared to be positively related with innovative behavior(idea development, idea implementation). Second, there was no evidence of moderating effect of PO on the relationship between empowerment and innovative behavior. Third, meaning of work was more positively related with innovative behavior(idea development, idea implementation) in higher PJ group than in lower PJ group. Fourth, impact was more positively related with idea implementation in higher PJ group than in lower PJ group.

• Journal of Venture Innovation
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.47-64
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• 2019

This study analyzed the effects of small business CEO's competencies type on business performance. For this purpose, 4 independent variables(strategic, marketing, management and network competencies) and 2 dependent variables(financial and non-financial performance) were used. 220 data were collected from the field survey questionnaires administered to a convenience sample of small business CEO. For hypothesis testing, the IBM SPSS Statistics 24.0 was used. Frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, correlation analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis were conducted. Empirical studies showed as follows. First, this study showed that the four competencies were significant to financial performance and the three competencies(except management competencies) were significant to non-financial performance. The higher small business CEO's competencies, the more likely it affects both the financial and non-financial performance of the company. Second, effects of small business CEO's competencies on financial performance were analyzed in order of network competencies > management competencies > strategic competencies > marketing competencies. Third, effects of small business CEO's competencies on non-financial performance were analyzed in order of network competencies > marketing competencies > strategic competencies. These findings had some implications. In academia, the impact forces of 4 small business CEO's competencies were analyzed for the first time. In practices, successful start-ups or sustainable management requires an interest in the active enhancement of small business CEO's competencies.

• Archives of design research
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.191-200
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• 2000

Recently, as the form of media has been various and computer graphic technology has developed, it has been possible and attempted to present database information 3-dimensionally and dynamically. However, there was not many studies done regarding how to present 3-dimensional and dynamic information. Therefore, this study was conducted to develop presentation techniques and languages of 3-dimensional and dynamic information. This paper consists of four section. First, it was introduced by secondary research that fundamental knowledge and functions for presenting the information by the computer graphics. In other words, it was stated what is possible to present 3-dimensional information on the 2-dimensional screen and which functins becomes better as computer graphic technology has developed. Second, computer graphic model that present database information should also have hierarchical structure that database information has. Thus, it was discussed how to present information regarding how to make a structure of graphic model that present database information. There are two ways to present information- by changing structure of information and by changing graphical presentation techniques. Third, all the graphical presentation language was collected and explained. Finally, the case study of presenting statistical data for baseball players demonstrated concrete example of using graphical presentation language.

• Korean Business Review
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• v.12
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• pp.161-187
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• 1999

Organ(1988) has suggested that OCB should be considered an important component of job performance because citizenship behaviors are part of the spontaneous and innovative behaviors. Also it has been suggested that organizational characteristics may potentially explain many organizational behavior outcome variables(Hackman & Oldham, 1980). In recent years there has been a resurgence of interest in the validity of personality measures as a moderator between many variables and organizational outcome variables. This is largely due to the facts that first personality is difficult to control for promoting many organizational outcomes and next many researchers have found the moderating effects of personality(Brief & Aldag, 1975; Wanous, 1974). The purpose of this research is to test the moderating effects of tenure and growth needs on the relationships between organizational characteristics and OCB. To assess the moderating effects, the hierarchical regression procedures outlined by Cohen and Cohen(1983) were followed. On the basis of data from 698 teachers in Wonju province, results indicated that job variety has more impacts than any other independent variable on OCB like other studies. It is found that job variety and job identity have more impacts on courtesy and altruism in lower growth needs group than in higher growth needs group. Also it is resulted that job importance and autonomy have more impacts on sportsmanship in higher growth needs group than in lower growth needs group.