• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.121-129
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• 2014

The trend of an increasing demand for a high-quality user experience, coupled with a shortage of radio resources, has necessitated more advanced wireless techniques to cooperatively achieve the required quality-of-experience enhancement. In this study, we investigate the critical problem of rate splitting in heterogeneous cellular networks, where concurrent transmission, for instance, the coordinated multipoint transmission and reception of LTE-A systems, shows promise for improvement of network-wide capacity and the user experience. Unlike most current studies, which only deal with spectral efficiency enhancement, we implement an optimal rate splitting strategy to improve both spectral efficiency and energy efficiency by exploring and exploiting cooperation diversity. First, we introduce the motivation for our proposed algorithm, and then employ the typical cooperative bargaining game to formulate the problem. Next, we derive the best response function by analyzing the dual problem of the defined primal problem. The existence and uniqueness of the proposed cooperative bargaining equilibrium are proved, and more importantly, a distributed algorithm is designed to approach the optimal unique solution under mild conditions. Finally, numerical results show a performance improvement for our proposed distributed cooperative rate splitting algorithm.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.945-954
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• 2022

The 5G mobile network is promising to handle the dynamic traffic demands of user equipment (UE). Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with wireless transceivers can act as flying base stations in heterogeneous networks to ensure the quality of service of UE. However, it is challenging to efficiently allocate limited bandwidth to UE due to dynamic traffic demands and low network coverage. In this study, a blockchain-enabled bandwidth allocation framework is proposed for secure bandwidth trading. Furthermore, the proposed framework is based on the Cournot oligopoly game theoretical model to provide the optimal solution; that is, bandwidth is allocated to different UE based on the available bandwidth at UAV-assisted-based stations (UBSs) with optimal profit. The Cournot oligopoly game is performed between UBSs and cellular base stations (CBSs). Utility functions for both UBSs and CBSs are introduced on the basis of the available bandwidth, total demand of CSBs, and cost of providing cellular services. The proposed framework prevents security attacks and maximizes the utility functions of UBSs and CBSs.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.10b
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• pp.448-450
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• 2005

A ubiquitous network allows all users to access and exchange information of any kind freely at any time, from anywhere, and from any appliance through the use of broadband and mobile access. Bluetooth commincation can provide the missing wireless extension to the heterogeneous network, allowing a more ubiquitous access. In this point of view, the BT specifications define ways for which each BT device can set up multiple connections with neighboring devices to communicate in a multi-hop fashion. this paper provides insights on the Bluetooth technology and on some limitations of the scatternet formations. so that, we describe a new multi-hop routing protocol for the establishment of scatternets. this protocol defines rules for forming a multi-hop topology in two phases. the first phase, topology discovery, concerns the discovery of the node's depth from a root node initiating inquiry process. the second phase forms scatternet topology based on the result of topology discovery.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2003.04d
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• pp.136-138
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• 2003

인터넷은 이미 대중화되어 있으며, 이러한 인터넷 망을 기초로 한 All-IP 망으로의 망 진화에 대한 논의가 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 또한 현재 상용중인 IPv4에 이동성을 부여한 이동 인터넷(Mobile IPv4)에 대한 연구는 IETF(Internet Engineering Task Force)를 중심으로 활발하게 진행 중에 있으며, 이에 대한 구현 및 개발은 이미 많은 연구단체에서 많은 성과를 보여주고 있다. 본 논문에서는 3세대 이동통신 모델 중의 하나인 CDMA2000 1x 환경에서 기 구현된 Wire-less LAN에서의 이동 인터넷(Mobile IPv4)을 연동하여, 이기종 망(Heterogeneous Network)에서의 이동 인터넷(Mobile Ipv4) 모델을 제시한다. 제시된 이동 인터넷(Mobile IPv4) 프로토콜은 Layer-2망으로서 Wireless LAN과 CDMA2000 1x을 모두 사용하며, 하부 망(Layer-2 Network)의 변화에 능동적으로 반응하여, 통신을 유지한다.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.173-183
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• 2021

As low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) end devices (EDs) are deployed in massive scale, their economic and environmental costs of operation are becoming too significant to ignore and too difficult to estimate. While LPWAN architectures and protocols are designed to primarily save energy, this study shows that energy saving does not necessarily lead to lower cost or environmental footprint of the network. Accordingly, a theoretical framework is proposed to estimate the operational expenditure (OpEx) and environmental footprint of LPWAN EDs. An extended constrained optimization model is provided for the ED link assignment to gateways (GWs) based on heterogeneous ED configurations and hardware specifications. Based on the models, a simulation framework is developed which demonstrates that OpEx, energy consumption, and environmental footprint can be in conflict with each other as constrained optimization objectives. We demonstrate different ways to achieve compromises in each dimension for overall improved network performance.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.67-72
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• 2022

A wireless sensor network (WSN), with its constrained sensor node energy supply, needs an energy-efficient routing technique that maximises overall system performance. When rumours are routed using a random-walk routing algorithm, which is not highly scalable, spiral pathways may appear. Because humans think a straight line is the quickest route between two sites and two straight lines in a plane are likely to intersect, straight-line routing (SLR) constructs a straight path without the aid of geographic information. This protocol was developed for WSNs. As a result, sensor nodes in WSNs use less energy when using SLR. Using comprehensive simulation data, we show that our upgraded SLR systems outperform rumour routing in terms of performance and energy conservation.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.879-882
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• 2010

본 연구는 idle 상태의 단말을 위한 이종 무선 통신망 환경에서 네트워크 선택 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안 하는 알고리즘은 셀과 사용자 각각의 상대적 상태 정보를 이용하는 프로필기반 네트워크 선택 프레임워크(Profile-based Network Selection Framework, PNSF)에 기반한다. PNSF 는 traffic status, mobility, 그리고 QoS (Quality of Service) 카테고리의 정보들을 바탕으로 셀과 사용자의 프로필을 생성한다. 생성된 프로필들을 3 차원의 프로필 공간에서 위치 시키고 각 셀과 사용자 프로필 사이의 거리를 각 카테고리를 구성하는 요소의 정적 특성을 반영하여 계산한다. 사용자는 최종적으로 가장 거리가 긴 셀을 선택하여 location update 를 수행한다. 본 연구에서 제안하는 알고리즘은 이종의 무선통신망 환경의 특성과 idle 모드의 특성을 반영하여 location update 의 발생 빈도를 합리적으로 줄이면서도 급증하는 데이터 통신 사용을 고려하여 사용자가 네트워크에 전체에 적절히 분산되도록 선택한다.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.141-149
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• 2012

This paper proposes a resource management and allocation algorithm to guarantee QoS continuity of realtime multimedia services and to maximize the resource utilization in heterogeneous wireless networks simultaneously. This scheme reserves the appropriate resources to be used by real-time multimedia services and allocates those resources left unused due to decreased transmission rate of realtime services to non-realtime services. Those resources can be preempted by the need of realtime services later. Performances are analyzed by simulation.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.1912-1931
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• 2018

In future wireless network, user experience and energy efficiency will play more and more important roles in the communication systems compared to their roles at present. Quality of experience (QoE) and Energy Efficiency (EE) become the widely used metrics. In this paper, we study a combinatorial problem of QoE and EE and investigate a fair power allocation in heterogeneous networks. We first design a new metric, QoE-aware EE (QEE) to reflect the relationship of QoE and energy. Then, the concept of Utopia QEE is introduced, which is defined as the achievable maximum QEE in ideal conditions, for each user. Finally, we transform the power allocation process to an optimization of ratio of QEE and Utopia QEE and use invasive weed optimization (IWO) algorithm to solve the optimization problem. Numerical simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm can get converged and efficiently improve the system energy efficiency and the QoE for each user.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.39-54
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• 2014

Node layout optimization of structural wireless systems is investigated as a means to prolong the network lifetime without, if possible, compromising information quality of the measurement data. The trade-off between these antagonistic objectives is studied within a multi-objective layout optimization framework. A Genetic Algorithm is adopted to obtain a set of Pareto-optimal solutions from which the end user can select the final layout. The information quality of the measurement data collected from a heterogeneous WSN is quantified from the placement quality indicators of strain and acceleration sensors. The network lifetime or equivalently the network energy consumption is estimated through WSN simulation that provides realistic results by capturing the dynamics of the wireless communication protocols. A layout optimization study of a monitoring system on the Great Belt Bridge is conducted to evaluate the proposed approach. The placement quality of strain gauges and accelerometers is obtained as a ratio of the Modal Clarity Index and Mode Shape Expansion values that are computed from a Finite Element model of the monitored bridge. To estimate the energy consumption of the WSN platform in a realistic scenario, we use a discrete-event simulator with stochastic communication models. Finally, we compare the optimization results with those obtained in a previous work where the network energy consumption is obtained via deterministic communication models.