• CDE review
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.58-65
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• 2002

Collaborative product commerce(CPC) involves many people working together with heterogeneous and distributed software applications. For such an environment, Workflow Management System(WFMS) can be useful for coordination of people, software agents and processes. It provides diverse services including automatic work muting, project management continuous process improvement and application integration. However, there are some limitations to apply WFMS to CPC environment due to inflexibility and lack of design support facilities. This paper identifies the problems and addresses possible approaches to overcome the difficulties.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.370-378
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• 2002

Purpose: The purpose of this descriptive study was to investigate the administration patterns of sedatives and paralytic agents for mechanically ventilated patients. Method: The participants were 18 adult patients who received mechanical ventilation therapy for more than 1 day in the MICU. Collected data were type of injected medications, administration interval, injected amount, administration purpose and patient assessment by nurses. Result: Mean age of the patients was 61 years old. Seventy-two percent were male. Only 2 drugs (midazolam and norcuron) were administered to most of subjects. The type of medication administered was less heterogeneous than in previous studies. Most of the patients received sedatives and paralytics intermittently. Six different methods were used by nurses to administer sedatives and paralytics. The mean injection frequency was 9.3 times/day for sedatives and 10.8 times/day for paralytic agents. The most common purpose for administration of the drugs was full sedation of the patient (57%). Conclusion: Since a few patients received sedatives and paralytic agents higher than usual dose and a few Patients received those drugs lower than usual dose, nurses need to use proper protocols and guidelines for sedation to avoid oversedation and undersedation.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.19-33
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• 2005

In this study, we propose a methodology of mating it easy to integrate the heterogeneous and distributed information of e-Business environments with the semantic web components , knowledge representation, ontology and agents. It is based on a collaborative interoperable environment, which should be constructed by meta-modeling and employing agents , and the syntactic/semantic integration. We adopt OWL(Web Ontology Language) to specify ontology in a layered architecture for each agent to use, which is based on the IRDS (Information Resource Dictionary Standard) framework. And we give an illustrative example using the terms from PSL(Process Specification Language)-ontology. By defining, managing and sharing resources and business-processes on the proposed framework, it could be possible to get rid of the cause of redundancy and inconsistency.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.10C no.5
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• pp.565-574
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• 2003

This paper implements an intrusion detection message exchange protocol library (IDMEPL) for SDMS-RTIR, which Korea Information Security Agency (KISA) has developed to hierarchically detect and respond to network vulnerability scan attacks. The IDMEPL, based on the IDMEF and the IAP of the IDWG, enables SDMS-RTIR to interact with other intrusion detection systems (IDS) in realtime, and supports the TLS protocol to prevent security threats in exchanging messages between its server and its agents. Especially, with the protocol selection stage, the IDMEPL can support various protocols such as the IDXP besides the IAP. Furthermore, it can allow for agents to choose an appropriate security protocol for their own network, achieving security stronger than mutual authentication. With the IDMEPL, SDMS-RTIR can receive massive intrusion detection messages from heterogeneous IDSes in large-scale networks and analyze them.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• summer
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• pp.410-415
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• 2004

Employing knowledge of adaptive possibilities of agents in multi-agents system, we have explored new aspects of distributed modular systems for building ubiquitous heterogeneous robotic systems using intelligent building blocks (I-BLOCKS) [1] as reconfigurable modules. This paper describes early technological approaches related to technical design, experimental developments and evaluation of adaptive processing and information interaction among I-BLOCKS allowing users to easily develop modular robotic systems. The processing technology presented in this paper is embedded inside each $DUPLO^1$ brick by microprocessor as well as selected sensors and actuators in addition. Behaviors of an I-BLOCKS modular structure are defined by the internal processing functionality of each I-Block in such structure and communication capacities between I-BLOCKS. Users of the I-BLOCKS system can easily do 'programming by building' and thereby create specific functionalities of a modular robotic structure of intelligent artefacts without the need to learn and use traditional programming language. From investigating different effects of modern artificial intelligence, I-BLOCKS we have developed might possibly contain potential possibilities for developing modular robotic system with different types of morphology, functionality and behavior. To assess these potential I-BLOCKS possibilities, the paper presents a limited range of different experimental scenarios in which I-BLOCKS have been used to set-up reconfigurable modular robots. The paper also reports briefly about earlier experiments of I-BLOCKS created on users' natural inspiration by a just defined concept of modular artefacts.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.35-41
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• 2003

A multi-agent technology has emerged as a new paradigm that can flexibly and promptly cope with various environmental changes and complex problems. Accordingly, many researches are being made to establish multi-agent systems in an effort to solve dynamic problems in many fields. However, most previous researches on the multi-agent frameworks aimed at, on behalf of a user, exchanging and sharing information between agents, reusing agents, and suggesting job cooperation in order to integrate and assimilate heterogeneous agents. That is to say, their frameworks mainly focused on the basic functions of general multi-agent. Therefore, they are not suitable to the development of the proper system for a specific field such ,.s a negotiation. In an effort to solve this problem, this research has tried to design a multi-agent framework-base negotiation system, so that for the sake of a user it can evaluate the negotiation messages, manage the negotiation messages, and quickly and exactly exchange messages between negotiation agents. First of all, we have made research on the basic functions hat are necessary in the development of a negotiation system, and then have analyzed the limitations of existing multi-agent frameworks when trying to apply them to a negotiation system. After these efforts, this study suggests a design of multi-agent framework to develop a negotiation system.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.63-80
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• 2001

The construction of the students knowledge in e-Learning systems, namely the student modeling, is a core component used to develop e-Learning systems. However, existing e-Learning systems have many problems to share the knowledge in a heterogeneous student model and a distributed knowledge base. Because the methods of the knowledge representation are different in each e-Learning systems, the accumulated knowledge cannot be used or shared without a great deal of difficulty. In order to share this knowledge, existing systems must reconstruct the knowledge bases. Consequently, we propose a new a Case Markup Language based on XML in order to overcome these problems. A distributed e-Learning systems fan have the advantage of easily sharing and managing the heterogeneous knowledge base proposed by CaseML. Moreover students can generate and share a case knowledge to use the communication protocol of agents. In this paper, we have designed and developed a CaseML by using a knowledge markup language. Furthermore, in order to construct an intelligent e-Learning systems, we have done our research based on the design and development of the intelligent agent system by using CaseML.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.8-13
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• 1992

Low doses of ionizing radiation from external or internal sources cause heterogeneous distribution of energy deposition events in the exposed biological system. With the cell being the individual element of the tissue system, the fraction of cells hit, the dose received by the hit, and the biological response of the cell to the dose received eventually determine the effect in tissue. The hit cell may experience detriment, such as change in its DNA leading to a malignant transformation, or it may derive benefit in terms of an adaptive response such as a temporary improvement of DNA repair or temporary prevention of effects from intracellular radicals through enhanced radical detoxification. These responses are protective also to toxic substances that are generated during normal metabolism. Within a multicellular system, the probability of detriment must be weighed against the probability of benefit through adaptive responses with protection against various toxic agents including those produced by normal metabolism. Because irradiation can principally induce both, detriment and adaptive responses, one type of affected cells may not be simply summed up at the expense of cells with other types of effects, in assessing risk to tissue. An inventory of various types of effects in the blood forming system of mammals, even with large ranges of uncertainty, uncovers the possibility of benefit to the system from exposure to low doses of low LET radiation. This experimental approach may complement epidemiological data on individuals exposed to low doses of ionizing radiation and may lead to a more rational appraisal of risk.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.368-371
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• 2000

The distributed object computing is possible to distributed computing on same or heterogeneous machine environment with growth of distributed computing and object-oriented technology. The typical of model, CORBA is int solved the interoperability in heterogeneous machine environment over the network But, the CORBA has a problem that the server is can't rely on request of client occurs network overhead by extinction of network A plan was on the rise to solve the problem that is combination of mobile agent and distributed computing technology.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.251-260
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• 2004

As the importance and the need for network security is increased, many organization uses the various security systems. They enable to construct the consistent integrated security environment by sharing the vulnerable information among firewall, intrusion detection system, and vulnerable scanner. We construct the integrated security simulation environment that can be used by some security system model. In this paper, we have designed and constructed the general simulation environment of network security model composed of multiple IDSs agent and a firewall agent which coordinate by CNP (Contract Net Protocol). The CNP, the methodology for efficient integration of computer systems on heterogeneous environment such as distributed systems, is essentially a collection of agents, which cooperate to resolve a problem. We compare the selection algorithm in the CPN with the Fuzzy Controller for the effective method to select the agents.