• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.435-440
• /
• 2009

19 Aromatic ring and L-amino acid ester contained rupestonic acid amide derivatives 2a~2l, 3a~3g were synthesized and preliminarily evaluated in vitro against influenza virus $A_3$,B and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), 2(HSV-2) by the national center for drug screening of China. The rusults showed that 2i possessed the highest inhibition against both influenza virus $A_3\;(TC_{50}\;=\;120.6\;{\mu}mol/L,\;IC_{50}=\;19.2\;{\mu}$mol/L, SI = 6.3) and B (T$C_{50}\;=\;120.6\;{\mu}mol/L,\;IC_{50}=\;29.9\;{\mu}$mol/L, SI = 4.0); 2g was more active against influenza $A_3$ virus at very low cytotoxicity ($TC_{50}\;>\;2092.1\;{\mu}mol/L,\;IC_{50}=\;143.7\;{\mu}mol/L,$ SI > 14.6) than the parent compound; Compounds 2b, 2c, 2f showed higher activities both against HSV-1 and HSV-2 than that of the parent compound, and 2f was the most potent inhibitor of HSV-1 ($TC_{50}\;=\;200.0\;{\mu}mol/L,\;IC_{50}\;=\;11.3\;{\mu}mol$/L, SI = 17.7 ) and HSV-2 ($TC_{50}\;=\;200.0\;{\mu}mol/L,\;IC_{50}\;=\;20.7\;{\mu}mol$/L , SI = 9.7).

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.125-132
• /
• 1991

We have previously reported that simulated snuff dipping in conjunction with type I herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) induced oral malignant changes in hamsters. Present study was designed to investigate the carcinogenic effect of tobacco specific-N-nitrosamines (TSNAs) and HSV-1, alone or in combination, in hamsters. Hamsters were divided into 6 groups and the right buccal pouch mucosa were treated as follows: Grp 1, Control (Mock inoculation) [MI]+Topical Application [TA] of mineral oil[MO] : Grp 2, TA of 1% n'- nitrosonornicotine [NNN] + IM: Grp3, TA of 1% 4-N-nitrosomethylamino-1- (3-pyridyl)-1-butanone [NNK] + MI: Grp 4, HSV-1 inoculation [HI]+TA of MO : Grp 5, TA of 1% N-nitrosonornicotine [NNN] + HI: Grp 6, TA of 1% NNK + HI. TA of MO or TSNAs was initiated 1 day after the MI or HI and given 3 times per week for 20 consecutive weeks. At the buccal pouches were fixed for light microscope examination. No animal s developed tumors or malignant histopathologic changes in the mucosa of the buccal pouches. These data indicate that individual TSNAs, alone or in conjunction with HSV-1 infection, do not develop malignant changes in hamster buccal pouches.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.319-328
• /
• 2005

To examine whether HSV, VZV, H. pylori and Candida that are known to be microorganisms causing ulcerative disease in oral cavity and have the relatively high contigiousness are detected in saliva of patients with RAU and related to the development with RAU, PCR and culture were performed on the saliva of 29 patients with RAU and 29 control subjects who visited the Department of Oral Medicine, Dental Hospital, Chosun University. The results were obtained as follows; 1. HSV DNA was detected in 41.4% patients with RAU, and 55.2% control subjects, however, a significant difference between the two groups was not detected, (P>0.05), and VZV DNA was not detected in both groups. 2. H. pylori DNA was detected in 27.6% patients with RAU, and 48.3% control subjects, however, a significant difference between the two groups was not detected (P>0.05). 3. Candida was cultured in 13.8% patients with RAU, and 6.9% control subjects, however, a significant difference between the two groups was not detected (P>0.05). This results suggest that HSV, VZV, H. pylori and Candida can not be regarded to play a direct role in the development of RAU. Thus it is considered that in future, on a larger sample, also, it has to be examined whether other microorganisms acts as a trigger factor of the development of RAU.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.62-73
• /
• 2004

Purpose: The herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase gene(HSV1-tk) is an attractive candidate as a reporter gene in noninvasive reporter gene monitoring system. The HSV1-tk gene was chosen as a reporter gene, because it has been extensively studied, and there are appropriate reporter probes, substrates of HSV1-tk gene product, to apply for HSV1-tk gene imaging. We used radiolabeled 5-iodovinyl-2'-deoxyuridine (IVDU) and 5-iodovinyl-2'-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (IVFRU) as reporter probes for HSV1-tk gene monitoring system. Materials and Methods: We prepared HSV1-tk gene transduced Morris hepatoma cell line using retroviral vector, MOLTEN containing HSV1-tk gene. And we confirmed the HSV1-tk gene expression by Northern blotting and Western blotting. We compared in vitro uptakes of radioiodinated IVDU and IVFRU to monitor HSV1-tk gene expression in Morris hepatoma cell line (MCA) and HSV1-tk gene tranduced MCA (MCA-tk) cells until 480 minutes. We also peformed correlation analysis between percentage of HSV1-tk gene tranduced MCA cell % (MCA-tk%) and uptakes of radiolabeled IVDU or IVFRU. Results: MCA-tk cell expressed HSV1-tk mRNA and HSV1-TK protein. Two compounds showed minimal uptake in MCA, but increased uptake was observed in MCA-tk. IVDU showed 4-fold higher accumulation than IVFRU at 480 min in MCA-tk (p<0.01). Both IVDU and IVFRU uptake were linearly correlated ($R^2>0.96$) with increasing MCA-tk%. Conclusion: The radiolabeld IVDU and IVFRU showed higher specific accumulation in retrovirally HSV1-tk gene transfected Morris hepatoma cell line. Both IVDU and IVFRU could be used as good substrates for evaluation of HSV1-tk gene expression.

• The Journal of Korean Society of Virology
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.121-129
• /
• 1996

Multiplication of Herpes simplex virus type-1 was observed by electronmicroscopy, a gene library of the genome was constructed and thymidine kinase gene was cloned. Vero cells infected with the virus were lysed 48 h p.j. and multinucleated giant cells were observed approximately at 72 h p.i. The nucleocapsids were observed in nuclei and cytoplasm, and the assembled nucleocapsids were budded out through the vacuole and cytoplasmic membranes, and then virions were released from the cells. HSV-1 genome DNA was digested with BamHI and BglII enzymes and then the gene library of the genome fragments were constructed. The BamHI cleaved the genome DNA into twenty-seven fragments in the range of 1.1 - 14 kb, and BglII cleaved the genome DNA into sixteen fragments in the range of $4.5{\sim}20.1\;kb$. The pHLA-12 and pHLB-4 recombinant plasmids were contained TK gene by Southern blot analysis. The molecular sizes of the fragments which contained the TK gene were 3.74 in pHLA-12 and 6.41kb in pHLB-4 recombinant plasmid, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.495-508
• /
• 1995

In order to search for anti-HSV agents from natural complex products, we extended the number of specimens. Both methanol extract and boiling water extract of the natural complex products were screened to detect anti-HSV activity by MTT assay. Anti-HSV activities of thirteen natural complex products extracted by methanol and boiling water were screened. Three of 13 natural complex products extracted by methanol showed efficacy against HSV. Natural complex products showing anti-HSV activities as methanol extracts were No.3, 6, 11 and their Sl were 323.809, 2811.041 and 708.20. As water boiling extracts, No.8 and No.11 have displayed Sl of 16.45 and 60.39 respectively. Especially anti-HSV activities of natural complex products extracted by methanol No.6 was stronger than other ones.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.118-122
• /
• 2000

A comlementary call line CR2 is curretly used to propagte the Disabled Infectious Single Cycle Herpes Simplex Virus Typee2 (DISC HSV-2) on a small Iaboratory scale upto 15 L. These cultures are initiated by passaging the cells from roller bottle cultures. Whilst this is suitable for the laboratory scale it is totally impractical for use in seeding an industrial manufacturing scaled version of the culture. It is paramount to have a robust system for passaging cells from a small microcarrierier culture system to a larger one by a serial subculturing regime. Here we report on the successes we have had in our laboratory in scaling up out production system for the DISC HSV-2 from small 1-L cultures to a 50-L vessel with the maintenance of the viral productivity. Ease of use, reproducibility and the need to minimise overall production time were factors which were taken into consideration whils developing our procedures. We were aware of the need to keep a production train simple and as short as possible as this was the amall scale study for an envisaged manufacturing process.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.180-187
• /
• 2004

Objective : This study was undertaken for discovering the characteristics of sleep in ordinary symptoms based on the Sasang Constitution. The result of this study could be helpful to understand and to identify patients such as Taeumin, Soyangin Soeumin or Taeyangin. Methods : There were 1,229 patients (529 men), who answered the questionnaire about their ordinary sleeping patterns. They were diagnosed, including their clinical Sasang Constitution, by the Sasang Constitution specialist at Bundang Oriental Hospital of Dongguk University. By applying the multinomial and binary logistic regression analysis to those collected materials, we can measure the characteristics and the influence of ordinary sleeping patterns to the dependent variable (Sasang Constitution). Results : In order of the item's influence that had decided one's constitution, between Taeumin and Soeumin, Taeumin snored frequently or well more than Soeumin, Soeumin had more dreams and more sleeping times than Taeumin, and Taeumin struggled frequently or well more than Soeumin. Between Soyangin and Soeumin, Soeumin dreams more frequently than Soyangin, Soyangin snored frequently or well more than Soeumin, and Soeumin has more sleeping times than Taeumin. Between Taeumin and Soyangin, Taeumin snored frequently or well more than Soyangin. Between Taeyangin and a group of the other constitutions, Taeyangin felt unwell after sleeping more than the other constitutions, the other constitutions awaked frequently more than Taeyangin during sleeping. Conclusion : This study will be used for identifying patients as Taeumin, Soyangin, Soeumin or Taeyangin by contrast with each other.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.42 no.3
• /
• pp.177-184
• /
• 2006

This study was performed to evaluate the prevalence of high risk Human papilloma virus (HPV), Herpes simplex virus type 1, 2 (HSV-1,2), Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Human Immuno deficiency virus (HIV) infection with sexual transmitted viral diseases in Busan during 2004 to 2005. six hundred seventy four samples of cervical swabs were tested for sexually transmitted viral diseases. Among the isolated viruses, 23 (3.4%) samples were HPV and 3 (0.4%) and 9 (1.3%) samples were HSV 1 and 2, respectively. Among the 586 serum samples tested for viruses, HSV IgM 121 (3.6%), HSV-1 IgG 487 (83.1%), HSV-2 IgG 135 (23.0%), HBsAg 26 (4.4%), HBeAg 7 (1.2%), and HIV (0%) types were found. HPV genotypes were detected in 16 patients, of which 13 cases were high risk type HPV, 3 cases were low risk type HPV, and multi infection were detected in 7 cases. In the age distribution of the patients, 7.2% of infection tested from cervical swabs occurred in under the age of 20, while 100% of infection was found to occur in those who were 40 years old or older in the serum samples. The outbreak pattern in their occupations was found to be the highest at the health organization (amusement quarter) for the cervical swabs, and at infirmary (commercial sex worker) for the serum samples, respectively.

• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.7-14
• /
• 1982

A model of induction of neoplasia by viruses has develpoed from experimental studies in animals and in cultured cells and oncogenic transformation of cells is the result of integration of viral genetic information into the cellular DNA. The evidence for these associations was derived primarily from seroepidemiologic investigation. However, data indicating that the relation between HSV-2 and cervical cancer fits the model derived from experimental animal studies are not yet sufficient to draw conclusion with regard to the etiologic role the virus in the development of the neoplasms. In other hand, the K562 tumor cell is highly susceptible target for natural killer cell lysis by the lymphocytes of human and murine periperal blood. The characteristics of this effector cell type has been investigated. A study on natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity(NKMC) against $^{51}Cr$-K562 as target cell was studed in HSV-2 infected ICR mouse. We have studied for susceptibility of HSV-2 against mouse embryo fibroblast(MEF) cells and NKMC from HSV-2 infected mouse. The results obtained that the mouse embryo fibroblast cells culture, the number and size of the cells were markedly increased and formed a monolayers relatively rapid, and become complete monolayer sheet around 72 hrs. Duration of cytopathic effect on MEF cells was rapid by serial passing of HSV-2. The morphology of the HSV-2 infected cells appear to be mainly round, ovium, spindle form and some of them was forming large giant cells. The NKMC was decrease in mouse with HSV-2 and comparison between effector/target cells ratio as 25:1 and 50:1 respectively, the NKMC was found to be more significantly decreased than normal control we have concluded that the natural killer cell activity of the viral infected mouse was shown as a suppressed during the HSV-2 infection, day 7th and 14th.