• Title/Summary/Keyword: Hepatoprotective Agent

Search Result 75, Processing Time 0.035 seconds

Role of Pentacyclic Triterpenoids in Chemoprevention and Anticancer Treatment: An Overview on Targets and Underling Mechanisms

  • Ghante, Mahavir H.;Jamkhande, Prasad G.
    • Journal of Pharmacopuncture
    • /
    • v.22 no.2
    • /
    • pp.55-67
    • /
    • 2019
  • The incidences of cancer are continuously increasing worldwide, affecting life of millions of people. Several factors associated with the internal and external environment are responsible for this deadly disease. The key internal determinants like abnormal hormonal regulation, genetic mutations and external determinants such as lifestyle and occupational factors enhances onset of cancer. From the ancient time, plants were remained as the most trusted source of medicine for the treatment of diverse disease conditions. Extensive studies have been performed for the discovery of effective anticancer agent from the plant and still it is going on. Pentacyclic triterpenoids are biologically active phytochemicals having a different range of activities such as anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, anti-hypertensive, antiulcerogenic and anti-tumor. These compounds generally contain ursane, oleanane, lupane and friedelane as a chief skeleton of pentacyclic triterpenoids which are generally present in higher plants. Isoprene unit, phytochemical, with good antitumor/anticancer activity is required for the biosynthesis of pentacyclic triterpenoids. Mechanisms such as cytotoxicity, DNA polymerase inhibition, regulation of apoptosis, change in signal transductions, interfere with angiogenesis and dedifferentiation, antiproliferative activity and metastasis inhibition are might be responsible for their anticancer effect. Present review spotlights diverse targets, mechanisms and pathways of pentacyclic triterpenoids responsible for anticancer effect.

Hepatoprotective Effects of Sumaeyaksuk (Artemisia argyi H.) Extract on LPS-mediated Inflammatory Response (LPS에 의해 유도된 염증반응에서 섬애약쑥 추출물의 간보호 효과)

  • Kim, Dong-Gyu;Kang, Min-Jung;Shin, Jung-Hye
    • Journal of Life Science
    • /
    • v.26 no.11
    • /
    • pp.1282-1288
    • /
    • 2016
  • Artemisia, a plant widely used as traditional herbal medicine in many countries, has drawn attention of the researchers. And its extracts or compounds are known to have an efficacy of antioxidant, anti-diabete, anti-cancer, anti-inflammation and neuroprotection. Sumaeyaksuk is a variant of the Artemisia argyi and major constituents are eupatilin and jaceosidin. This study was performed to investigate the effects of the sumaeyaksuk aqueous extract on inflammatory response induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. To examine the potential hepatoprotective properties of sumaeyaksuk extract, cell viability, as well as nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS), macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels, alanine transaminase (ALT), and aspartate transaminase (AST) activities, were measured. Cytotoxic activity of extracts on HepG2 cells was measured by MTT assay. Sumaeyaksuk extract did not induce cytotoxicity at concentrations of $0{\sim}400{\mu}g/mL$. NO and ROS levels significantly decreased with increasing concentration of the extract. The secretion levels of M-CSF and IL-8 were suppressed by sumaeyaksuk extract in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, ALT (75.4%) and AST (61.6%) levels significantly decreased in sumaeyaksuk extract-treated cells at $400{\mu}g/mL$. These results suggested that the sumaeyaksuk extract attenuates the LPS-induced hepatotoxicity resulting from regulation of inflammatory factors and could potentially be used as a hepatitis therapeutic agent.

Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of Korean ginseng extract GS-KG9 in a D-galactosamine-induced liver damage animal model

  • Jo, Yun Ho;Lee, Hwan;Oh, Myeong Hwan;Lee, Gyeong Hee;Lee, You Jin;Lee, Ji Sun;Kim, Min Jung;Kim, Won Yong;Kim, Jin Seong;Yoo, Dae Seok;Cho, Sang Won;Cha, Seon Woo;Pyo, Mi Kyung
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
    • /
    • v.14 no.4
    • /
    • pp.334-351
    • /
    • 2020
  • BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to investigate the improvement effect of white ginseng extract (GS-KG9) on D-galactosamine (Ga1N)-induced oxidative stress and liver injury. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 6 groups. Rats were orally administrated with GS-KG9 (300, 500, or 700 mg/kg) or silymarin (25 mg/kg) for 2 weeks. The rats of the GS-KG9- and silymarin-treated groups and a control group were then intraperitoneally injected Ga1N at a concentration of 650 mg/kg for 4 days. To investigate the protective effect of GS-KG9 against GalN-induced liver injury, blood liver function indicators, anti-oxidative stress indicators, and histopathological features were analyzed. RESULTS: Serum biochemical analysis indicated that GS-KG9 ameliorated the elevation of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in GalN-treated rats. The hepatoprotective effects of GS-KG9 involved enhancing components of the hepatic antioxidant defense system, including glutathione, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). In addition, GS-KG9 treatment inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) production induced by GalN treatment in hepatocytes and significantly increased the expression levels of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) proteins, which are antioxidant proteins. In particular, by histological analyses bases on hematoxylin and eosin, Masson's trichrome, α-smooth muscle actin, and transforming growth factor-β1 staining, we determined that the administration of 500 mg/kg GS-KG9 inhibited hepatic inflammation and fibrosis due to the excessive accumulation of collagen. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate that GS-KG9 improves GalN-induced liver inflammation, necrosis, and fibrosis by attenuating oxidative stress. Therefore, GS-KG9 may be considered a useful candidate in the development of a natural preventive agent against liver injury.

In Vitro Hepatoprotective Effects of Fermented Curcuma longa L. by Aspergillus oryzae against Alcohol-Induced Oxidative Stress (알코올성 산화적 손상에 대한 발효울금의 간세포 보호 효과)

  • Sung, Heami;Lee, Yoo-Hyun;Jun, Woojin
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
    • /
    • v.45 no.6
    • /
    • pp.812-818
    • /
    • 2016
  • Protective effects of fermented Curcuma longa L. (CL) against alcoholic liver damage were investigated in HepG2/2E1 cells. Fermented CL was extracted by cold water (FCC), hot water, 80% ethanol, and methanol. Of the four extracts, the strongest hepatoprotective effect against ethanol-induced oxidative stress was observed in FCC. Pretreatment with FCC also reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species formation compared to ethanol-alone treated cells. FCC also enhanced catalase, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase, and non-enzymatic antioxidative activities such as glutathione compared to alcohol-treated HepG2/2E1 cells. Our findings suggest that FCC might be considered as a useful agent in the prevention of liver damage induced by oxidative stress by increasing the antioxidant defense mechanism.

Protective Effects of Welsh Onion (Allium fistulosum L.) on Drug-induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats (랫드의 약물성 간장 장해에 대한 대파의 보호 효과)

  • Cha, Hwan-Soo;Seong, Ki-Seung;Kim, Sung-Ho;Seo, Ji-Woo;Park, Sun-Joo;Kim, Soon-Im;Lee, Kyung-Won;Yoon, So-Rah;Han, Dong-Un
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
    • /
    • v.34 no.9
    • /
    • pp.1344-1349
    • /
    • 2005
  • The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Welsh onion administration on $CCl_4$-induced hepatic injury in rats. The increasing rate of the body and organ weight was not significantly different by the ad-ministration of the Welsh onion. Welsh onion (2, 4, $10\%$ w/w) was given for 4 weeks with the injections of $CCl_4$. Total serum lipid was significantly decreased in all treatment groups compared to $CCl_4$ only treatment group (p<0.05). The Welsh onion from winter season was more protective effect by lowering the serum levels of transminase (SGOT and SGPT) compared with others, the levels of transminase - phosphatase (ALP) in serum. The Welsh onion from winter at a dose of $4\%,\;10\%$ (w/w) showed significantly hepatoprotective activity which was comparable to that $CCl_4$-induced hepatic damage. Histological evaluation showed that Welsh onion partially prevented $CCl_4$-induced inflammation, necrosis and vacuolation. Pretreatment of Welsh onion reduced extent of the necrosis found 24 hr after the intraperitoneal administration of $CCl_4$. The present study shows the liver protective action of the Welsh onion against experimentally induced liver damage in rats. This suggests that the Welsh onion may be used as an effective hepatoprotective agent.

Anti-Obestic Effects of Artemisiae Capillaris Herba, Artemisia Capillaris Stem Aqueous Extracts on the High Fat Diet Supplied Mice (고지방 사료 급여 마우스에서 인진쑥 추출물의 항비만 효과)

  • Kim, Hong-Tae;Kim, Dae-Dong;Ku, Sae-Kwang;Kim, Ju-Wan;Jang, Kwang-Ho;Oh, Tae-Ho;Lee, Keun-Woo
    • Journal of Veterinary Clinics
    • /
    • v.27 no.4
    • /
    • pp.348-365
    • /
    • 2010
  • Artemisia capillaries THUNB is a perennial herb that belongs to the family compositae spp. and the most common plant among the various herbal folk remedies used in treatment of abdominal pain, hepatitis, chronic liver disease, jaundice and coughing in Korea. The object of this study is to observe the dosage-dependent anti-obestic effects of an aqueous extracts of dried aqueous extracts of stems of Artemisia capillaris Thunberg. [Artemisiae capillaris Herba, In-Jin in Korean, INJ] on 45%/Kcal high fat diet (HFD) supplied mice. 45%/Kcal rodent HFD are supplied to ICR mice from 1 week before initiation of INJ administration throughout the 12 weeks, and after the end of 12 weeks of 62.5, 125 and 250 mg/kg/day of INJ administration, the efficacy was divided into five categories 1) hypoglycemic, 2) hepato-protective, 3) nephroprotective, 4) hypolipemic, and 5) anti- obesity effects. The effects were compared to those of simvastatin (for hypolipemic activity), silymarin (for hepatoprotective and free radical scavenger effects) and metformin (for hypoglycemic and related anti-obesity effects). 7 animals per group (8 groups; total 56adapted mice on HFD were selected base on the body weight at 6 days after initiation of HFD supply) were used in this experiment. INJ and all three different reference drugs were directly suspended or dissolved in distilled water, and administered at a volume of 10 mL/kg, once a day for 84 days from 1 week after HFD supply. As results of 91 days of continuous HFD supply, mice showed marked obese states, hyperglycemia, hyperlipemia, liver damages and kidney damages. These mean the obesity, diabetes, diabetic hepatopathies, nephropathies and hyperlipemia were induced by HFD supply. After end of 84 days of continuous treatment of three different dosages of INJ, all diabetes related complications were inhibited; relatively favorable anti-obesity, hypolipemic, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic and nephroprotective effects. These favorable effects showed relatively good dose-relations between all three different dosages of INJ treated, and INJ 250 mg/kg showed enough favorable effects on diabetes and related four complications tested as compared with one of each three different references. Otherwise, the efficacy of 62.5 and 125 mg/kg of INJ was somewhat slighter than those of all three reference drugs. Therefore, the suitable effective dosage of INJ is considered as 250 mg/kg/day in the present study. The overall anti-obesity effects of INJ 250 mg/kg-treated group was similar or more favorable than those of metformin 250 mg/kg-treated group, and INJ 250 mg/kg showed slighter hypoglycemic effects with silymarin 100 mg/kg and metformin 250 mg/kg, similar hypolipemic effects with simvastatin 10 mg/kg, and similar hepatoprotective effects with silymarin 100 mg/kg, and similar nephroprotective effects with that of silymarin 100 mg/kg and metformin 250 mg/kg, respectively. Obese, hyperglycemia, hyperlipemia, steatohepatitis and related nephropathies induced by HFD supply were dramatically inhibited by 84 days of continuous treatment of all three different dosages of INJ. It is, therefore expected that INJ extracts will be a favorable alternative agent for diet-related diabetes and complications.

Hepatoprotective Effects of the Extracts of Alnus japonica Leaf on Alcohol-Induced Liver Damage in HepG2/2E1 Cells (알코올로 유도된 간손상 모델 HepG2/2E1 세포에서 오리나무 잎 추출물의 간보호효과)

  • Bo-Ram Kim;Tae-Su Kim;Su Hui Seong;Seahee Han;Jin-Ho Kim;Chan Seo;Ha-Nul Lee;Sua Im;Jung Eun Kim;Ji Min Jung;Do-Yun Jeong;Kyung-Min Choi;Jin-Woo Jeong
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
    • /
    • v.37 no.2
    • /
    • pp.120-129
    • /
    • 2024
  • Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a significant risk factor in the global disease burden. The stem bark of the Betulaceae plant Alnus japonica, which is indigenous to Korea, has been used as a popular folk medicine for hepatitis and cancer. However, the preventive effect of Alnus japonica leaf extracts on alcohol-related liver damage has not been investigated. The objective of this study was to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of the extracts of Alnus japonica leaf (AJL) against ethanol-induced liver damage in HepG2/2E1 cells. Treatment with AJL significantly prevented ethanol-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2/2E1 cells by reducing the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). This protective effect was likely associated with antioxidant potential of AJL, as evidenced by the attenuation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) production and restoration of the depleted glutathione (GSH) levels in ethanol-induced HepG2/2E1 cells. Our findings suggest that FCC might be considered as a useful agent in the prevention of liver damage induced by oxidative stress by increasing the antioxidant defense mechanism.

Effect of Colored Potato Flakes Against Acetaminophen-induced Liver Damage in Rats

  • Ohba, Kiyoshi;Watanabe, Shoko;Han, Kyu-Ho;Hashimoto, Naoto;Noda, Takahiro;Shimada, Ken-Ichiro;Tanaka, Hisashi;Sekikawa, Mitsuo;Fukushima, Michihiro
    • Food Science and Biotechnology
    • /
    • v.16 no.3
    • /
    • pp.463-469
    • /
    • 2007
  • We examined the hepatoprotective effects of colored potato flakes on acetaminophen (AAP)-induced liver damage in rats. F344/DuCrj (8 week-old) rats were fed a cholesterol-free diet with 54.9486 g of ${\alpha}$-corn starch/100g diet and were orally treated with 25% colored flakes of Kitamurasaki (KM: light purple), Northern Ruby (NR: red), and Shadow Queen (SQ: medium purple) potatoes co-administered with AAP (0.5 g/100 g diet) for 4 weeks. The hepatic thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) values in the KM, NR, and SQ groups were significantly lower (p<0.05) than those in the control groups with and without AAP. Furthermore, the hepatic catalase, Mn-superoxide dismutase (SOD), and Cu/Zn-SOD mRNA levels in the KM, NR, and SQ groups were higher than those in the control groups with and without AAP. The present findings suggest that colored potato flakes are useful as a prophylactic agent against oxidative liver damage.

Anti-Proliferative Activity of Naturally Occurring Flavonoids on Cultured Human Tumor Cell Lines (천연 유리 Flavonoid 화합물들의 암세포성장 저해효과)

  • Kim, Jung-Sook;Choi, Yeon-Hee;Seo, Jee-Hee;Lee, Jung-Won;Kim, Seong-Kie;Choi, Sang-Un;Kang, Jong-Seong;Kim, Young-Kyoon;Kim, Sung-Hoon;Kim, Young-Sup;Ryu, Shi-Yong
    • Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
    • /
    • v.35 no.2 s.137
    • /
    • pp.164-170
    • /
    • 2004
  • The flavonoids are a very large and important group of polyphenolic natural products, which are united by their derivatization from the heterocycle, flavone. They are distributed in higher plants and occur widely in the fruits and vegetables that make up the human diet. They exhibit a wide range of biological properties, including antitumor, antiinflammatory, hepatoprotective, antimicrobial, insecticidal and estrogenic activities. They are also major components of many plant drugs and it is possible that they contribute to the curative properties. For the purpose of developing anticancer agent of natural origin, we have evaluated forty four kinds of naturally occurring flavonoids for the inhibitory activity upon the proliferation of cultured human tumor cells such as A549 (non small cell lung), SK-OV-3 (ovary), SK-MEL-2 (melanoma), XF498 (central nerve system) and HCT-15 (colon) in vitro.

Effects of Flavonoids and a-Tocopherol on the Oxidation of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids -2. Antioxdizing Effect of Catechin and a-Tocopherol in Rats with Chemically Induced Lipid Peroxidation- (n-3 고도 불포화 지방산의 산화억제에 미치는 플라보노이드와 a-토코페롤의 효과 -2. 지질과산화를 촉진시킨 흰 쥐의 체내지질의 산화 억제 효과-)

  • BYUN Dae-Seok;KWON Mi-Na;HONG Jeong-Hwa;JEONG Dong-Yoon
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
    • /
    • v.27 no.2
    • /
    • pp.166-172
    • /
    • 1994
  • To evalulate the antioxidant effect of flavonoid(+)-catechin on n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in vivo, rats were fed with diets containing $5\%$ corn oil(CO), $5\%$ corn oil and $15\%$ purified fresh fish oil(FO) or peroxidized fish oil(PFO) for 10 days. To accerelate lipid peroxidation, all of them were injected with 60mg phenobarbital(a day per kg body weight), and treated with phorone(diisopropylidene acetone) before the rats were killed. Contents of triglyceride, phospholipid, cholesterol and lipid peroxide and the activities of GOT, GPT in serum and total lipid and cholesterol content in liver of PFO group rats were significantly higher than those of the FO one. Contrary to our expectations, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) in liver of the FO group were ]ewer than those of the PFO group. These results might be explained as the results of homeostasis. Even though the hepatic glutathione were depleted, catechin and a-tocopherol inhibited production of lipid peroxide effectively. These results suggested that catechin be considered an antioxidative and hepatoprotective agent.

  • PDF