• BMB Reports
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• 제41권9호
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• pp.657-663
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• 2008

The present study was undertaken to investigate the protective role of taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) against cadmium (Cd) induced oxidative stress in murine erythrocytes. Cadmium chloride ($CdCl_2$) was chosen as the source of Cd. Experimental animals were treated with either $CdCl_2$ alone or taurine, followed by Cd exposure. Cd intoxication reduced hemoglobin content and the intracellular Ferric Reducing/Antioxidant Power of erythrocytes, along with the activities of antioxidant enzymes, glutathione content, and total thiols. Conversely, intracellular Cd content, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, and glutathione disulphides were significantly enhanced in these cells. Treatment with taurine before Cd intoxication prevented the toxin-induced oxidative impairments in the erythrocytes of the experimental animals. Overall, the results suggest that Cd could cause oxidative damage in murine erythrocytes and that taurine may play a protective role in reducing the toxic effects of this particular metal.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.157-162
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• 1990

The hematologic values were examined from 74 healthy mixed breed dogs in the area of Seoul. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. Mean${\pm}$SD values and ranges of red blood cell(RBC) count were $6.16{\pm}0.92{\times}10^6/{\mu}l$ and $4.40{\sim}8.62{\times}10^6/{\mu}l$, of hemoglobin(Hb) content $14.90{\pm}2.42g/100ml$ and 8.7~19.2g/100ml, of packed cell volume(PCV) $45.47{\pm}6.16ml/100ml$ and 30~57ml/100ml, of mean corpuscular volume (MCV) $74.80{\pm}6.83fl$ and 54.08~90.90fl, of mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) $24.41{\pm}3.91pg$ and 14.19~32.97pg, of mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) $32.07{\pm}3.24g/100ml$ and 22.23~39.76g/100ml, respectively. 2. The RBC count value in the age group of 3~4 years was higher (p<0.05) than the total RBC count value. The Hb content value in the age group of less than 6 months was lower (p<0.01) but in the age group of 1~2 years and the age group of 3~4 years were higher (p<0.05, p<0.01) than the total Hb content value. The PCV value in the age group of less than 6 months was lower (p<0.05) than the total PCV value. The MCHC values in the age group of 1~2 years and the age group of 3~4 years were higher (p<0.01, p<0.05) than the total MCHC value. 3. Mean${\pm}$SD values and ranges of white blood cell (WBC) count were $11.26{\pm}3.05{\times}10^3/{\mu}l$ and $6.30{\sim}18.4{\times}10^3/{\mu}l$, of band neutrophil $2.97{\pm}1.44%$ and 1~10%, of segmented neutrophil $62.81{\pm}4.92%$ and 42~70, of lymphocyte $30.55{\pm}5.69%$ and 17~50%, of monocyte $2.49{\pm}0.84%$ and 1~5%, of eosinophil $1.81{\pm}1.175$ and 1~8%, respectively. 4. The WBC count value in the age group of 7~12 months was lower (p<0.05) but in the age group of 3~4 years was higher (p<0.05) than the total WBC count value. The band neutrophil values in the age group of 1~2 years and the age group of 3~4 years were higher (p<0.05, p<0.01) than the total band neutrophil value.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.346-353
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• 1991

전남 순천시에 거주하는 60세 이상의 노인 438명 (남자 179명, 여자 259명)을 대상으로 하여 식습관, 체위, 치아결손정도, 혈색소농도, 적혈구용적비, 혈압 및 질병보유상태를 조사하였고 식습관 점수와 제 변인간의 상관관계를 검토하였다. 식습관은 남자노인이 여자노인에 비하여 양호하였으며 과일류, 계란류, 육류 및 어류, 두류의 섭취빈도가 남자노인이 높았다. 평균 체중과 신장은 한국인 체위표준치보다 낮았으나 평균 BMI는 남녀노인 모두 정상 범위를 보였고 평균 비만율은 남녀노인 각각 3.5%, 8.2%이었다. 평균 혈색소농도와 적혈구용적비는 남자노인의 경우 WHO기준보다 낮았고 여자노인은 정상 범위이었다. 따라서 WHO 혈색소농도 기준에 따른 빈혈율은 남자노인이 42.0%, 여자노인이 34.7%로 남자노인의 빈혈율이 더 높았으며 남녀노인 모두 빈혈이 만연되어 있었다. 평균 수축기 및 확장기혈압은 남녀노인 모두 정상 범위이었으나 WHO 기준에 의한 고혈압율은 남녀노인 각각 15.6%, 16.7%이었다. 질병을 보유한 경우는 남녀노인 각각 78.2%, 86.7%로 높았고 신경통을 비롯하여 순환기계질환, 호흡기계질환, 당뇨병, 관절염 등이 주요 질환이었다. 식생활이 양호할수록 바람직한 체위를 유지하였으며 빈혈율도 낮았다. 한편 상완피하지방두께가 두꺼울수록 빈혈율이 높았고 혈압도 높았으며, 혈압이 높을수록 질병보유율이 높은 상관을 나타내었다.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.227-232
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• 2017

물은 생체에 필수적인 성분이고 많은 생리학적 과정에 관련되어 있음에도 불구하고 물을 꾸준히 충분하게 섭취하는 것이 혈액 성분에 어떤 영향을 미치는지에 대해서는 잘 알려져 있지 않다. 따라서 이 연구에서는 13명의 정상 성인에게 물을 섭취하게 한 후에 혈액학적, 고감도 C 반응성 단백질(hs-CRP), 면역글로불린 G (IgG)의 변화를 측정하였다. 4명의 대조군은 물을 자유롭게 마시게 하였고 9명의 실험군은 시판되는 생수를 매일 2L씩 마시게 하였다. 2주 후에 혈액을 채취하여 검사한 결과, 혈구 세포 수, 적혈구 용적률, 혈색소 수치는 증가했지만 유의성은 없었다(p>0.05). 그러나 평균 혈색소량(MCH)과 평균 혈색소 농도(MCHC)는 각각 의미 있게 증가하였고(p<0.05, p<0.01), 평균 혈소판 용적(MPV)은 의미 있게 감소하였다(p<0.05). 심혈관 질환의 표지자로 쓰이는 면역학적인 검사항목인 hs-CRP는 물 섭취 후에 감소하는 것으로 나타났으나 유의한 차이는 없었다(p>0.05). 그러나 IgG의 농도는 물 섭취 전에 비해 상당히 유의성 있게 증가하는 결과를 나타냈다(p<0.05). 결론적으로, 꾸준히 충분하게 물을 섭취하면 혈색소 수치가 증가하여 빈혈이 완화될 수 있고 혈소판 활성과 hs-CRP가 감소하여 심혈관 질환의 위험을 줄일 수 있다. 또한 체액성 면역 성분이 증가하여 면역 기능이 향샹될 수 있다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.34-42
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• 2013

This study investigated the effects of magnetized water supplementation on blood glucose, DNA damage, antioxidant status, and lipid profiles in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. There were three groups of 4-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats used in the study: control group (normal control group without diabetes); diabetes group (STZ-induced diabetes control); and magnetized water group (magnetized water supplemented after the induction of diabetes using STZ). Before initiating the study, diabetes was confirmed by measuring fasting blood glucose (FBS > 200 dl), and the magnetized water group received magnetized water for 8 weeks instead of general water. After 8 weeks, rats were sacrificed to measure the fasting blood glucose, insulin concentration, glycated hemoglobin level, degree of DNA damage, antioxidant status, and lipid profiles. From the fourth week of magnetized water supplementation, blood glucose was decreased in the magnetized water group compared to the diabetes group, and such effect continued to the 8th week. The glycated hemoglobin content in the blood was increased in the diabetes group compared to the control group, but decreased significantly in the magnetized water group. However, decreased plasma insulin level due to induced diabetes was not increased by magnetized water supplementation. Increased blood and liver DNA damages in diabetes rats did significantly decrease after the administration of magnetized water. In addition, antioxidant enzyme activities and plasma lipid profiles were not different among the three groups. In conclusion, the supplementation of magnetized water not only decreased the blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels but also reduced blood and liver DNA damages in STZ-induced diabetic rats. From the above results, it is suggested that the long-term intake of the magnetized water over 8 weeks may be beneficial in both prevention and treatment of complications in diabetic patients.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.517-524
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• 1994

The hematologic values were measured from 64 healthy goats imported from Australia to obtain data about the hematologic values of Australian wild goat. In paper 32 goats imported in March called group 1, 32 goats imported in April called group 2. The result obtained are summarized as follows;, 1 Mean$\pm$SD values and ranges of red blood cell(RBC) were $17.8$\pm$3.0{\times}10^6/${mu}ell$ and 9.9-24.3{\times}10^6/${mu}ell$,$ of hemoglobin(Hb) content 13.8$\pm$1.3 g/㎗ and 10.0-16.1 g/㎗, of packed cell volume(PCV) 37.0$\pm$4.1% and 28.0-47.0%, of mean corpuscular volume(MCV) 21.3$\pm$3.3 fl and 16.4-37.2 fl, of mean corpuscular hemoglobin(MCH) 7.9$\pm$1.1 pg and 6.0-13.3 pg, of mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration(MCHC) 37. Of 1.9% and 34.0-41.9%, of white blood cell(WBC) $28.6$\pm$9.4{times}10^3/${mu}ell$ and 11.6-49.8{times}10^3/${mu}ell$,$ of neutrophil 38.0$\pm$8.2% and 23.0-61.0%, of lymphocyte 54.0$\pm$8.4% and 32.0-73.0%, monocyte 3.1$\pm$1.3% and 1.0-7.0%, of eosinophil 4.0$\pm$1.9% and 1.0-10.0%, of basophil 0.1$\pm$0.2% and 0-1.0% respectively. 2. There was no significant differences between Group l and Group 2, respectively. 3. There was no significant differences between sexes. 4. Comparing with the values of Korean domestic goat, e values of Australian wild goat were disserent from the values of Korean domestic goat. 5. These hematologic values might be accepted as the hematologic values of Australian wild goat.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.213-222
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• 1988

The purpose of this study was to investigate physical condition, physical fitness, sociodemographic factors, biochemical factors and personality factors of 5th grade students of elementary school. The number of students surveyed was 760 from each school of urban, middle and rural areas. All data analysis was done by BMI group which is based on previous study. 1) The children whose parents were on low education level and mother had a job had lower BMI values than others. Nine percent of male and 21% of female subjects skipped breakfast almost everyday. The 21.7% of all subjects regularly took nutritive pills, which had no difference in various BMI groups. 2) The physical condition of children had a high correlation with that of parents. 3) The physical fitness in BMI 5 groups was weaker than other groups, especially in male. 4) The contents of blood hemoglobin, cholesterol and glucose and hematocrit value were estimated. In female, the values of hemoglobin content and hematocrit had significant difference between BMI groups, but there are no trends. 5) The impulsiveness of male was the highest in BMI 1 group and the lowest in BMI 5 group among 5 groups. Besides, general activity, reflectivity and sociality in BMI 5 group had a low level. In female, personality factors except sociality didn't show any considerable difference.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.80-89
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• 1990

The present study was conducted in order to get the relationship of heartworm, Dirofilaria immitis and eosinophils in blood of Jindo dogs. Blood samples were taken from 141( man 31, womam 110) of yellow, 44 ( man 17, woman27) of white Jindo dogs in Jindo area. The results obtained in this study were summarized as follows : 1. There were no significant differences of the hematological values in comparison with others reported values, but the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and the number of eosinophils were high in comparison with other reported values. 2. The mean values of total white blood cell count(P<0.05), neutrophil(P<0.05) and monocyte(P< 0.05) were that the yellow dogs and a tendency toward fisher values than the white dogs, but no significant differences were observed. 3. Age-related differences were detected for the total erythrocyte count(P<0.05), hemoglobin content (P<0.001), PCV(P<0.001) and the number of eosinophils(P<0.001). 4. The direct and indirect eosinophil counts were increased with age, there were no significant differences of the values between two groups. 5. Dirofilaria immitis was found in 34(18.4%), increased with age and were relatively significant differences in areas of the 185 Jindo dogs. 6. Survey for hematological values of Dirofilaria immitis infected dogs with direct and indirect method, mean values of eosinophil were 2,788/ ${\mu}l,$ 3,021/ ${\mu}$l, respectively. They showed that eosinophil had a tendency toward higher values than others, but others were no significant differences.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.85-91
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• 1980

Extracorporeal circulation by hemodilution technique has been currently used with its clinical safety and good peripheral tissue perfusion in open heart surgery. There is no doubt that $O_{2}$ carrying capacity of the blood is disturbed by decreased hemoglobin level resulting from hemodilution of the circulating blood. From the view point of the blood gas exchange, these experimental studies were undertaken to determined the sate limit of hemodilution in the condition of cardiopulmonary bypass with a constant perfusion flow rate. Twelve adult mongrel dogs weighing 10 to 13 Kg. were anesthetized with pentobarbital and then respiration was controlled with Harvard volume respirator using room air. The cardiopulmonary by pass was performed by use of Sarns heart lung machine (console 5000, 5 head and 2 roller pumps) and Travenol pediatric bubble oxygenator. The perfusion rate during bypass was maintained at a constant rate of 80 ml/min/Kg of body weight. The ratio of oxygen gas flow to blood flow was kept in 3 to 1 constantly. International hemodilution was attained by serial blood withdrawals and immediate infusion of equal volumes of diluants composed of Ringer's lactate, 5% dextrose in water and 25% mannitol solution, proportionally 60%, 30%, and 10%. Arterial and venous blood samples were obtained between 15 and 20 minutes following each hemodilution. Hematocrits and hemoglobin values, $PO_{2}$, $PCO_{2}$ and pH were measured. Oxygen and carbon dioxide contents oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide elimination were calculated groups according to different hematocrit values and the correlations were evaluated. Result were as follows. 1. the arterial $O_{2}$ tension and $O_{2}$ saturation were maintained at the physiological level irrespective of the hematocrit value. 2. The venous $O_{2}$ tension and $O_{2}$ saturation showed a tendency to decline with the decrease in hematocrit value and positive correlation between them (r = +0.49, r = +0.76), The mean values of venous $O_{2}$ tension and $O_{2}$ saturation, however, were not decreased when the hematocrit levels were lower than 20%. 3. The arterial $O_{2}$ content declined lineally in proportion to the fall of hematocrit level with a positive correlation between them (r = +0.95). 4. The venous $O_{2}$ contents were decreased gradually as the hematocrit value decreased with positive correlation between them ( r =+0.89). The trend of diminution of venous $O_{2}$ content, however, was became low according to progressive decrease of hematocrit level. 5. Systemic oxygen consumption was in higher range than $O_{2}$ requirement of basal metabolism when the hematocrit value was above 20%, but abruptly decreased when the hematocrit value became to below 20%. 6. The arterial $CO_{2}$ tension and $CO_{2}$ content showed trend of increasing with progressive decrease of hematocrit value but exhibited a rather broad range and there was no relationship between those value and the hematocrit value. 7. The venous $CO_{2}$ tension and $CO_{2}$ content have also no correlation with change of Ht. value but related directly to those value of arterial blood with positive correlation between them (r = +0.78, r = +0.95_. 8. A-V difference of $CO_{2}$ content and $CO_{2}$ elimination wasnot significantly influenced by Ht. value. From the results, we obtained that feasible limit in inteneional hemodilution is above the hematocrit value of 20% under the given experimental condition.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.168-186
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• 1979

Three hundred gram of Korean ginseng root was extracted with 95% ethanol on a boiling water bath for about 300 hr. Evaporation of alcohol yieled 50.2g of dark brown residue which was used by dissolving 4 mg of the residue in 1 ml of physiological saline. The ginseng group and the saline group received each day 0.5 ml per 100 g body weight of ginseng extract and physiological saline, respectively. Both the ginseng and saline group with stress were exposed to positive radial acceleration (1∼29g), cold (5$^{\circ}C$, 0$^{\circ}C$ &-10$^{\circ}C$) and heat (35$^{\circ}C$) environment, and surgical stress. After termination of the last stress, the tolerance, body weight, visceral organ weight, basal metabolism rate, rectal temperature, the number of erythrocyte and leucocyte, hemoglobin level, hematocrit ratio, total serum protein content and it's fraction and the content of adrenal ascorbic acid in the experimental animal exposed to stress were measured and at the corresponding periods, the same measurements were also carried out with the ginseng and the saline groups without stress exposure (serving as control). Results obtained were as follows. 1. Administration of ginseng does depressed the decrease of the tolerance, body weight, visceral organ weight, basal metabolism rate, the number of erythrocyte, hemoglobin value, hematocrit ratio and the A/G ratio in the mice and rats exposed to various stress. 2. The change of the rectal temperature, eosinophile counts, total serum protein content and the content of adrenal ascorbic acid of ginseng group that exposured to various stress facilitates the reaction to, and accelerates the recovery from the stress. 3. Even after hypophysectomy which served the link between the central and the peripheral portion of the stress mechanism, the adrenal ascorbic acid content of ginseng group decreased significantly more than that of the saline group 30 min. after administration of ACTH, while the value approached the normal level significantly closer in the ginseng group than in the saline group 1 and 2 hr after ACTH administration. Judging from the above results, it is concluded that administration of ginseng extract tolerated the experimental animals under the environment of stressfu1 stmuli, although the ginseng has no significant influence upon the stress mechanism in the absence of stressful stimuli. The site of action of the ginseng appears to be in the peripheral portion of the stress mechanism.