• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.264-269
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• 2017

피치계 흑연섬유의 발열특성을 향상시키기 위하여 흑연섬유에 무전해법을 이용하여 구리 도금하였다. 구리 도금된 흑연섬유는 공기 분위기에서 열중량분석법을 실시하여 도금 시간에 따라 흑연섬유 표면에 구리가 도입된 양을 계산하였다. 또한, 전압에 따른 발열 온도는 섬유 가닥을 이용하여 열화상카메라로 관찰하였다. 무전해 도금의 시간이 증가함에 따라 도입된 구리의 양은 증가하였다. 20분 동안 무전해 도금한 섬유의 전기 전도도는 1594.3 S/cm이며, 발열 온도는 최대 $57.2^{\circ}C$로 가장 크게 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 도금시간이 증가함에 따라 전기 전도성이 우수한 구리가 흑연섬유 표면에 성장하고, 이에 따라 발열특성이 향상된 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.245-255
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• 2021

In this study, we evaluated the effect of the type of sewage sludge (digested, non digested) on drying efficiency according to the polymer injection rate. The drying characteristics were shown using a near-infrared ray (NIR) and a microwave. As a result of the drying characteristics with NIR at a polymer dose ratio of 8%, the heating up period is up to 6 minutes after the start of the drying experiment. Afterwards, the constant rate drying period of the digested sludge (A, C and G sites) was 6 minute → 18 minute, showing a rapid decrease in moisture. On the other hand, non digested sludge (B, D, E, F, H, I, J and K sites) showed gradual drying characteristics compared to digested sludge until complete drying (10%). As the polymer dose ratio of 10% and 12%, the heating up period for digested sludge is up to 6 minute after the start of the experiment. Afterwards, the constant rate drying period of the digested sludge was 6 minute → 20 minute, showing a rapid decrease in moisture. On the other hand, the heating up period of non digested sludge was up to 10 minute after the start of the experiment, and the constant rate drying period was 10 minute → 22 minute, which was shorter than digested sludge. As a result of the drying characteristics with microwave at a polymer dose ratio of 8%, 10% and 12%, the constant rate drying period the digested sludge was 4 minute → 20~22 minute, showing a rapid decrease in moisture. On the other hand, non digested sludge of the constant rate drying period was 4 minute → 22~30 minute, which was longer than digested sludge.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.66-73
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• 2022

동절기 콘크리트 포장체의 블랙아이스 발생위험을 낮추고 동결에 의한손상을 방지할 목적으로 콘크리트의 전도저항성을 활용하여 자기 히팅 콘크리트를 개발하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 분말형과 액상형 폐CNT와 전도촉진을 위해 폐음극재를 사용하여 강도변화와 온도 발열특성을 평가하고자 하였다. 액상형 폐CNT가 모르타르내에서 분산정도가 효과적이고, 강도저하가 작게 발생하는 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 모르타르에 스틸매쉬, 구리포일과 구리선을 전극으로 적용하여 DC 24 V를 공급하였으며, 폐CNT, 폐음극재과 탄소섬유 혼입율에 따른 온도변화 특성을 평가하였다. 또한 선정된 최적배합으로부터 전극간격에 따른 온도 특성을 평가하여 AC 50 V 까지는 전극간격 100 mm 까지는 충분한 발열 특성을 갖는 것을 확인하였다.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.101-111
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 강원지역의 도시 생활 쓰레기의 성상 및 물리 화학적 조성을 연구하였다. 생활 쓰레기 자원화시설 설치 및 자료확보 차원, 매립장 관리차원에서 본 연구는 필요한 연구이다. 폐기물의 평균 밀도는 $101.8{\sim}199.8kg/m^3$ 범위내의 결과를 얻었다. 생활 쓰레기는 30.7%의 음식물류, 36.3% 의 종이류, 15.８%의 플라스틱 및 비닐류, 1.9%의 섬유류, 3.2%의 목재류 1.５%의 고무 및 가죽류 등으로 구성되어 있다. 생활쓰레기의 대부분은 음식물, 종이류, 플라스틱류 등으로 이루어져 있으며 9０% 정도가 가연 성분이다. 삼성분 분석에서는 44.6%의 수분 및 47.4%의 가연분 그리고 7.7% 의 회분으로 이루어져 있었다. 원소분석결과는 탄소, 산소, 수소 순으로 많았다. 생활쓰레기의 저위 발열량은 2,631kcal/kg 이며 고위 발열량은 3,310 kcal/kg 이었다.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.195-198
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• 2007

The present work focuses on the prediction of birefringence in injection-molded plastic part and its improvement by rapid mold heating. To calculate birefringence, flow-induced residual stress is computed through a fully three-dimensional injection molding analysis. Then the stress-optical law is applied from which the order of birefringence can be evaluated and visualized. The birefringence patterns are predicted for a rectangular plate with a variation of mold temperatures, which shows that the amount of molecular orientation and birefringence level decreases with an increase of mold temperature. The effect of mold temperature on the order of birefringence is also studied for a thin-walled rectangular strip, and compared with experimental measurements. Both predicted and experimental patterns of birefringence are in agreements on the observation that the birefringence level diminishes significantly when the mold temperature is raised to above the glass transition temperature.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회B
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• pp.3446-3451
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• 2007

The thermal behavior of a building in response to heat input from an active solar space heating system is analysed to determine the effect of the variable storage tank temperature on the cycling rate, on and off temperature of a heating cycle and on the comfort characteristics of room air temperature. A computer simulation of the system behavior has been performed and verified by comparisons with various parameters. Especially, this study is focused on the effect of the system's performance when subjected to dynamic cooling loads. The heat input to the absorption system is provided by an array of solar collectors that coupled to a thermal storage tank.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제62권11호
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• pp.1610-1616
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• 2013

Recently, district heating and cooling (DHC) systems based on combined cycle generation (CCG) providers are increasing in Korea. Since characteristics of combined heat and power (CHP) generators and heat demands of providers, heat trading between DHC providers based on the economic viewpoint is required; the heat trading has been doing. In this paper, a mathematical model for optimal operation based on heat trading between DHC providers is proposed. Especially, start-up characteristic of CCG is included. The operation model is established by mixed integer linear programming (MILP).

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.979-986
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• 2003

The performance characteristics of heating and cooling operation for a heat pump system using seawater heat source and exhaust energy are presented. The heat pump system is made of a waste heat recovery system and a vapor compression refrigeration system. The working fluid is R-22. The heat pump system COPs are measured during heating and cooling operation modes, and the resultant COPs were 9.7 and 7.9, respectively, which are three times higher than those of the heat pump itself. Therefore, the performance of the heat pump system using exhaust energy is excellent compared to that of a general heat pump. The experimental data can be effectively used for the design of the high efficient heat pump using a seawater heat source.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.987-995
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• 2003

The performance of a residential heating and cooling system with $CO_2$ is predicted by using a cycle simulation model. The simulations are conducted by varying design parameters and operating conditions. The efficiency of the transcritical cycle can be improved by utilizing the advantages in heat transfer characteristics of $CO_2$ and developing microchannel indoor and outdoor heat exchangers. For the designed system of this study, the predicted COP of the heat pump system is approximately 3.5 in the heating mode and 3.0 in the cooling mode. The predicted optimal discharge pressure for the heat pump system is approximately 11 MPa in the heating mode and 9 MPa in the cooling mode.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.337-341
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• 1997

Texture is an important quality factor of processed chestnut products, which changes depending on the conditions of boiling process. The conventional boiling process consists of three stage(1st : 70 minutes at 60$^{\circ}C$; 2nd : 20minutes at 70$^{\circ}C$; 3rd : 80minutes at 98$^{\circ}C$). To improve the conventional boiling process of processed chestnut products, we investigated the changes of texture at different stages of boiling process and undertook the optimization of boiling process by response surface method on heating times of 2nd and 3rd heating, and amount of softening agent. The initial hardness and cohesiveness, the most important textural characteristics of chestnut, were 7.876kg and 0.189, respectively. In the third boiling stage, hardness decreased to 0.313kg and cohesiveness increased to 0.310. Using response surface method the minimum point of hardness and maximum point of cohesiveness was examined and model equations for predicting the changes of hardness and cohesiveness in the optional boiling condition were developed.