• 대기
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.237-248
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• 2020

In order to effectively prepare for damage caused by weather events, it is important to proactively identify the possible impacts of weather phenomena on the domestic society and economy. Text mining and Network analysis are used in this paper to build a database of damage types and levels caused by heat wave. We collect news articles about heat wave from the SBS news website and determine the primary and secondary effects of that through network analysis. In addition to that, based on the frequency with which each impact keyword is mentioned, we estimate how much influence each factor has. As a result, the types of impacts caused by heat wave are efficiently derived. Among these types of impacts, we find that people in South Korea are mainly interested in algae and heat-related illness. Since this technique of analysis can be applied not only to news articles but also to social media contents, such as Twitter and Facebook, it is expected to be used as a useful tool for building weather impact databases.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제19권12호
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• pp.84-92
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• 2019

기후변화로 인한 도시열환경 악화, 온열질환자 발생은 중요한 사회 문제 중 하나로 대두되었다. 이에 폭염 등의 기후변화에 관한 연구가 활발해졌으나 주로 기후요소에 집중되고 있다. 그러나 도시열섬현상은 여름철 폭염을 가속화시키며, 도시지역에서의 온열질환자가 급증하는 추세로 미루어 도시의 환경의 영향을 짐작할 수 있다. 이에 본 연구는 서울시와 경기도를 대상으로 도시지역의 물리적·사회적 특성이 온열질환자에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 분석을 위해 본 연구에서는 음이항회귀분석을 활용하였다. 분석 결과, 토지이용현황 중 주요열에너지방출원인 주거·상업·공업시설 연면적의 비율은 통계적으로 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났지만, 도로면적과 녹지면적은 각각 양과 음의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 사회적 특성 변수에 포함된 인구밀도와 65세 이상 인구 비율, 독거노인 비율, 기초생활수급자 비율은 모두 유의한 것으로 나타났는데, 독거노인 비율과 인구밀도 비율만 음의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 연구의 결과는 지역별 온열질환자와 관련한 도시 정책적 대안을 마련하는데 활용할 수 있다.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.553-574
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to find out effects of prescriptions according to the formula, manipulation of Rhei Rhizoma, configuration. The following results were reached through investigations on the prescriptions using Rhei Rhizoma as a main component. Objectives : Analysis of prescriptions According to the formula : Liquid Extract Prescriptions were used widely on three parts to treat fever and damp heat in the interior organs. Powder Prescriptions were taken with hot water, thin porridge, tea etc. to treat damp heat, congestion of phlegm, acute episodes. Liquid Mixed Pill treat congestion of QI, damp heat, phlegm. Honey Mixed Pill treat accumulated fever, distension, acute excessive fever. Paste Pill treat blood stagnation, excessive toxic-fever, epidemic diseases. External Application treat inflammation by injury, swelling due to severe fever by internal damage. Methods : Analysis of prescriptions According to the manipulation of Rhei Rhizoma : Prescriptions including Liquor processed Rhei Rhizoma treat excessive toxic-fever, congestion of phlegm, blocking orifices on the upper side. Steamed Rhei Rhizoma strengthen effects of making evacuate and cooling of heat. Processed Rhei Rhizoma with vinegar strengthen effects of removing blood stagnation by activating blood movement, releasing gathering. Results : Analysis of prescriptions According to the Composition of Rhei Rhizoma : 41% of the total prescriptions were on the area of less than 20%. In case of lower groups show increased frequency of combination with Pharbitidis Semen, Persicae Semen, Scutellariae Radix and manipulation of baking, steaming, roasting. In case of higher groups show increased frequency of treating excess syndrome, critical illness, acute severe illness, and using proccesed Rhei Rhizoma with vinegar. Treatment of damp heat on the liver and gallbladder, disorder of the spleen and stomach is done mostly by prescriptions on the area of less than 30%. Conclusions : Rhei Rhizoma-Coptidis Rhizoma pair treat damp heat, heat toxins in blood, and Constipation caused by excessive heat. Rhei Rhizoma-Glycyrrhizae Radix pair relieve effects of Rhei Rhizoma passing blocked feces, removing the poison, activating blood movement, releasing gathering with the effects of Glycyrrhizae Radix relaxing tension by harmonizing Middle. Rhei Rhizoma-Magnoliae Cortex pair are used to treat damp heat in middle area, excessive heat in the stomach and intestine. Rhei Rhizoma-Pharbitidis Semen pair act on both blood system and QI system treating edema, damp, stagnation, heat toxins, feces. Rhei Rhizoma-Persicae Semen pair treat blood stagnation with fever on blood system.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 9th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.1242-1242
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• 2022

Annually, several construction workers fall ill, are injured, or die due to heat-related exposure. The prevalence of work-related heat illness may rise and become an issue for workers operating in temperate climates, given the increase in frequency and intensity of heatwaves in the US. An increase in temperature negatively impacts physical exertion levels and mental state, thereby increasing the potential of accidents on the job site. To reduce the impact of heat stress on workers, it is critical to develop and implement measures for monitoring physical exertion levels and mental state in hot conditions. For this, limited studies have evaluated the utility of wearable biosensors in measuring physical exertion and mental workload in hot conditions. In addition, most studies focus solely on male participants, with little to no reference to female workers who may be exposed to greater heat stress risk. Therefore, this study aims to develop a process for objective and continuous assessment of worker physical exertion and mental workload using wearable biosensors. Physiological data were collected from eight (four male and four female) participants performing a simulated drilling task at 92oF and about 50% humidity level. After removing signal artifacts from the data using multiple filtering processes, the data was compared to a perceived muscle exertion scale and mental workload scale. Results indicate that biosensors' features can effectively detect the change in worker physical and mental state in hot conditions. Therefore, wearable biosensors provide a feasible and effective opportunity to continuously assess worker physical exertion and mental workload.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2013

Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between heat-related illnesses developed in the summer of 2012 and temperature. Methods: The study analyzed data generated by a heat wave surveillance system operated by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention during the summer of 2012. The daily maximum temperature, average temperature, and maximum heat index were compared to identify the most suitable index for this study. A piecewise linear model was used to identify the threshold temperature and the relative risk (RR) above the threshold temperature according to patient characteristics and region. Results: The total number of patients during the 3 months was 975. Of the three temperature indicators, the daily maximum temperature showed the best goodness of fit with the model. The RR of the total patient incidence was 1.691 (1.641 to 1.743) per $1^{\circ}C$ after $31.2^{\circ}C$. The RR above the threshold temperature of women (1.822, 1.716 to 1.934) was greater than that of men (1.643, 1.587 to 1.701). The threshold temperature was the lowest in the age group of 20 to 64 ($30.4^{\circ}C$), and the RR was the highest in the ${\geq}65$ age group (1.863, 1.755 to 1.978). The threshold temperature of the provinces ($30.5^{\circ}C$) was lower than that of the metropolitan cities ($32.2^{\circ}C$). Metropolitan cities at higher latitudes had a greater RR than other cities at lower latitudes. Conclusions: The influences of temperature on heat-related illnesses vary according to gender, age, and region. A surveillance system and public health program should reflect these factors in their implementation.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.747-757
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• 2020

연구목적: 본 연구는 폭염으로 인한 유사 환경 조건이라도 개인의 내적 특성에 따라 다른 대처를 하게 되어 피해의 정도에 개인차가 있음을 주목하였다. 이에 개인의 심리적 특성과 온열질환 증상 경험의 영향 관계를 분석하였다. 연구방법: 건설노동자를 대상으로 온열질환 증상의 경험 유무에 따라 개인특성의 설문과 폭염 피해에 연관성이 있을 강박신념, 자아 존중감, 성격에 대한 심리척도를 통해 영향관계를 분석하였다. 연구결과: 로지스틱 회귀분석 결과, 책임감은 온열질환 증상의 경험에 정(+)의 영향, 집단에서의 자아 존중감은 온열질환 증상의 경험에 음(-)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 본 연구는 폭염으로 인한 피해자의 심리적 특성을 파악하기 위하여 폭염에 취약한 대상인 건설노동자를 대상으로 강박신념, 자아 존중감, 성격을 분석한 첫 번째 연구로 기초자료를 제시하였다.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.67-81
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• 2009

1. According to causes of attack and symptoms, tinnitus is divided into two categories; deficiency and excess. Causes of excess syndrome of tinnitus were wind fire in the liver and gallbladder, phlegm fire, blood stagnation, and heat in meridian system and the causes of deficiency syndrome of tinnitus were qi deficiency or blood deficiency after an illness or delivery, yin deficiency of liver and kidney, and deficiency of sea of the marrow. 2. Tinnitus was related to the vicera and bowels, especially to liver, gallbladder and urinary bladder. 3. In regard of method of treatment, tonify kidney, nourish heart, clear the liver and discharge heat are used according to visera and bowel theory. Clear phlegm and downbear fire are used for phlegm fire. Tonify spleen and kidney is used for ancestral vessel deficiency. Dispel wind and dissipate fire can be used according to theory of five elements' motion and six kinds of natural factors. 4. The basal meridian of acupuncture and moxibustion treatment were the channels of Shaoyang.. 5. Regarding neuropsychiatric aspect of tinnitus, sudden anger and depression of mind were the main mechanism of disease and liver fire was the main cause. The prescriptions for neuropsychiatric tinnitus were Dangguiyonghuehwan, and Yongdamsagantang.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.202-208
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• 1999

Schizophrenia has many clinical expressions and probably different etiologic factors. Infections, autoimmune mechanism and related neurodevelopmental abnormalities have been suggested as possible etiologic factors of schizophrenia. It has been reported that immunoreactivity to heat shock proteins, which play a protective role against environmental stresses in a cell, might be related to the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Therefore, we examined the immunoreactivity to heat shock protein 70kDa and 90kDa(HSP70 and 90) in 91 patients with schizophrenia and 83 normal controls. Ig G antibodies to HSP70 and 90 of sera were quantitated by ELISA. The optical density(OD) was measured by an automated microplate reader at a wavelength of 490nm. The amounts of antibodies to HSPs were expressed as arbitrary units(AU)/ml related to a standard serum. The limit for elevated antibody titers(anti-HSPs positive or negative) was set at two standard deviations added to the mean of the normal controls. Twenty nine(31.9%) of the 91 patients showed anti-HSP70 positive and 19(20.9%) of those showed anti-HSP90 positive. On the other hand, only 1(1.4%) of the normal controls and 4(4.8%) of those showed anti-HSP70 positive and anti-HSP90 positive, respectively. The titers of anti-HSP70 positive were related with BPRS scores, while those of anti-HSP90 positive were not. There were no relationship between antibody titers and clinical variables including age at onset, duration of illness, family history of schizophrenia or number of admission. The titers of anti-HSP70 positive were significantly associated with anti-HSP90 positive. Our results suggest the presence of abnormal immune reactivity involving HSP70 and HSP90 in a subset of patients with schizophrenia.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.680-687
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• 2004

A study on the correlation between four GCM types and Dam and Bangkwang types of Hyungsang medicine comes to the following conclusions : GCM I type is closely related to Bangkwang type in Hyungsang medicine. GCM II type corresponds to Dam type. In terms of obesity and emaciation, GCM I type is related to obesity and GCM II type to emaciation. In terms of Right and Left, GCM I type is more active in Left, GCM II type in Right. In terms of movement, GCM I and II types are kinetic and GCM III and IV types are static. In terms of Front and Back, the disease of GCM I type usually appears on Back but the treatment starts on Front. In GCM II type, disease mainly occurs on Front but the treatment starts on Back. GCM I type is susceptible to an alimentary disease and constitutionally predisposed to damp-phlegm in Hyungsang medicine. GCM II type is easily affected by a circulatory illness and very vulnerable to heat with blood deficiency and depression and stagnation of Ki.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.69-75
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• 2016

Climate change has resulted in the urban heat island (UHI) effect throughout the globe, contributing to heat-related illness and fatalities. In order to reduce such damage, it is necessary to improve the climate observation network for precise observation of the urban thermal environment and quick UHI forecasting system. Purpose: This study analyzed the effective range of the climate observation network and the distribution of the existing Automatic Weather Stations (AWS) in Seoul to propose optimal locations for additional installment of AWS. Method: First, we performed quality analysis to pinpoint missing values and outliers within the high-density temperature data measured. With the result from the analysis, a spatial autocorrelation structure in the temperature data was tested to draw the effective range and correlation distance for each major time period. Result: As a result, it turned out that the optimal effective range for the climate observation network in Seoul in July was a radius of 2.8 kilometers. Based on this result, population density, and temperature data, we selected the locations for additional installment of AWS. This study is expected to be used to generate urban temperature maps, select and move measurement locations since it is able to suggest valid, specific spatial ranges when the data measured in point is converted into surface data.