• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제64권4호
• /
• pp.373-383
• /
• 2019

야생 호밀 염색체 첨가 계통의 단백질 발현 양상을 보통 밀과 비교함으로써 발현의 차이를 보이는 단백질의 기능을 동정함으로써 야생 호밀의 작물학적 유용 가치를 확인하고자 이 연구를 수행하였다. 전반적으로 야생 호밀 염색체 첨가계통은 보통 밀의 유전적 배경을 바탕으로 건조와 열에 대한 비생물학적 스트레스에 대한 저항성 관련 단백질과 바이러스성 병원균에 대한 저항성 관련 단백질 및 척박한 환경에 적응하는 생리대사에 관련된 단백질을 가지고 있는 것을 확인하였다. 하지만 아직 야생 호밀의 단백질 기능에 대한 정보와 작물학적 이용에 대한 연구가 미흡한 상태이다. 앞으로 국내 야생 호밀의 유용 유전자원으로써의 작물학적 이용과 기능에 대한 지속적인 연구가 필요하다.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• 제34권3호
• /
• pp.109-115
• /
• 2017

Objectives : Many researches have studied warm needling technique to standardize its treatment by temperature measurement and material differences in the effectiveness. The purpose of this study is to compare the temperature changes of the acupuncture needle shaft during the combustion process of the moxa stick to determine the heat transfer pattern of the warn needling. Methods : A moxa stick($7{\times}8mm$) was connected to one side of the needle shaft using a stainless steel needle(ø 0.3 mm, ø 0.5 mm, ø 0.8 mm, shaft length 40 mm) with the needle handle removed. During the warm needling, temperature changes of the needle shaft were observed with an infrared camera(Flir E30) and an infrared thermometer(TESTO 845). Results : In the normal condition, heat transmit of needle shaft increased at spots 10 mm and 25 mm below the moxa stick. The amount of heat transmit increased with the diameter of needle shaft. However, when the heat shield was installed to exclude radiant heat from the moxa stick, heat transfer was less at 10 mm below the moxa stick and no temperature change was observed at 25 mm below the moxa stick. Heat transfer by warm needling does not reach the end of needle shaft even in ø 0.8 mm needle. Conclusions : It is suggested that the radiant heat of moxa stick results in the heat transmit of acupuncture needle shaft. Thus, radiant heat transmit must be considered as one of the heat transfer characteristics of the warm needling.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
• /
• 제39권6호
• /
• pp.67-82
• /
• 2019

This study aims to examine the impacts of built environmental features on the nocturnal and diurnal temperatures during the heat wave season in Gwangju, Korea. Built environmental measures are summarized at micro-scale level, such as 50 meters and 100 meters from temperature monitoring spots. Regressing the built environment on nocturnal and diurnal temperatures, we estimate how the artificial constructs contribute to temperature either day and night times. We found that impervious surface ratio is positively and negatively associated with nocturnal and diurnal temperatures, respectively. Buildings and structures tend to construct high thermal mass and absorb heat during day time and emit it for the night time. This property contributes to the nocturnal temperature model. On the other hand, urban areas with more vertical structure tend to block sun radiation more than rural, and it is more likely to find the negative relationship between impervious surface ratio and the diurnal temperatures.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 제어로봇시스템학회 2004년도 ICCAS
• /
• pp.1892-1894
• /
• 2004

We have suggested the moxa-pad cauterizer especially for knee arthralgia. We have researched the variation on knee heat generating by the moxa-pad moxibustion cauterizer. The experimental demonstrations have been made by the stimulating the spots which are G-34(Gall-bladder Meridian 34), Sp-9(Spleen Meridian 9), and Liv-3(Liver Meridian 3) acupuncture points. And stimulating time was one hour with moxa-pad cauterizer.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
• /
• 제11권5호
• /
• pp.50-56
• /
• 2008

Metal cutting operations involve generation of heat due to friction between the tool and the pieces. This heat needs to be carried away otherwise it creates white spots. To reduce this abnormal heat cutting fluid is used. Cutting fluid also has an important role in the lubrication of the cutting edges of machine tools and the pieces they are shaping, and in sluicing away the resulting swarf. As a cutting fluid, water is a great conductor of heat but is not stable at high temperatures, so to improve stability an emulsion type mixed fluid with water and oil is often used. It is pumped over the cutting site of cutting machines as a state of atomized water droplet coated with oil by using jet. In this paper, to develop cutting fluid supplying nozzle to obtain ultra thin oil film for coating water droplet, a numerical analysis of three dimensional mixed fluid Jet through multi-stage nozzle was carried out by using a finite volume method. Jet flow characteristics such as nozzle exit velocity, development of mixing region, re-entrance and jet intensity were analyzed. Detailed mixing process of fluids such as air, water and oil in the nozzle were also investigated. It is easy to understand complex flow pattern in multi-stage nozzle. Important flow Information for advance design of cutting fluid supplying nozzle was drawn.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
• /
• 제20권9호
• /
• pp.1514-1524
• /
• 2006

This work presents the three-dimensional analysis of flow and heat transfer performed for a wire-wrapped fuel assembly of liquid metal reactor using Reynolds-averaged Wavier-Stokes analysis in conjunction with 557 model as a turbulence closure. The whole fuel assembly has been analyzed for one period of the wire-spacer using periodic boundary conditions at inlet and outlet of the calculation domain. Three different assemblies, two 7-pin wire-spacer fuel assemblies and one bare rod bundle, apart from the pressure drop calculations for a 19-pin case, have been analyzed. Individual as well as a comparative analysis of the flow field and heat transfer have been discussed. Also, discussed is the position of hot spots observed in the wire-spacer fuel assembly. The flow field in the subchannels of a bare rod bundle and a wire-spacer fuel assembly is found to be different. A directional temperature gradient is found to exist in the subchannels of a wire-spacer fuel assembly Local Nusselt number in the subchannels of wire-spacer fuel assemblies is found to vary according to the wire-wrap position while in case of bare rod bundle, it's found to be constant.

• 한국초전도학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국초전도학회 1999년도 High Temperature Superconductivity Vol.IX
• /
• pp.214-217
• /
• 1999

We investigated the quench characteristics of meander line type resistive superconducting fault current limiters based on YBCO thin films grown on 2" diameter LaAlO$_3$ substrates. A gold layer was deposited onto the 0.4 ${\mu}$ m thick YBCO film to disperse the heat generated at hot spots, prior to patterning into 1 mm wide meander lines by photolithography. The limiters were tested with simulated fault currents of various amplitudes. The quench started at 10 A and was completed within 1 msec at the fault current of 65 A$_{peak}$. The dynamic quench characteristics were explained based on the heat conduction within the film and the heat transfer between the film and the surrounding liquid nitrogen. The heat transfer coefficient per unit area was estimated to be 3.0 W/cm$^2$K.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.586-594
• /
• 2013

단백질 번역 후 O-GlcNAc 수식은 단백질 조절의 새로운 기전으로 대두되고 있다. 전통적인 당수식과 달리 O-GlcNAc 수식은 단 한번의 O-GlcNAc 전달로 이루어지며, 핵 및 세포질단백질 모두에 수식될 수 있다. O-GlcNAc은 이 분자를 끝으로 하는 최종수식으로 생각되어 왔으나, 최근의 논문(J Proteome Res. 2011 10:2725-2733)은 AP180 단백질에 O-GlcNAc-P가 존재함을 보고하였다. 이 논문은 O-GlcNAc-P가 일반적인 단백질수식인지에 대한 중요한 질문을 던진다. 이에 답하고자 저자들은 HEK293T 세포에 O-GlcNAc 인산화효소 NAGK를 DsRed2에 연결한 DsRed2-$NAGK_{WT}$ 혹은 효소활성이 없는 돌연변이 NAGK를 표현하는 DsRed2-$NAGK_{D107A}$를 표현시키고, 단백질 추출물을 얻어 2D-PAGE로 분리한 후 인산화 정도를 측정하여, $NAGK_{WT}$에 의하여 인산화가 증가되는 15개의 단백질 스폿을 선별하였다. 이 가운데 7개 스팟을 동정한 결과 2개의 스폿은 O-GlcNAc 수식 단백질인 $HSP90{\beta}$, 다른 2개의 스폿도 O-GlcNAc 수식 단백질인 ENO1로 동정되었으며, 나머지(dUTP nucleotidohydrolase mitochondrial isoform 2, glutathione S-transferase P, grp94)는 O-GlcNAc 수식 여부를 아직 모르는 단백질이였다. NAGK에 의하여 O-GlcNAc 단백질의 인산화가 증가된다는 사실은 O-GlcNAc이 인산화되어 O-GlcNAc-P로 수식됨을 시사하며, 따라서 본 연구의 결과는 O-GlcNAc이 최종 수식이 아님을 지지한다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.403-409
• /
• 2010

Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hsp30 is a plasma membrane heat shock protein that is induced by various environmental stress conditions. However, the functional role of Hsp30 during diverse environmental stressors is not presently known. To gain insight into its function during thermal stress, we have constructed and characterized a ${\Delta}hsp30$ strain during heat stress. $BY4741{\Delta}hsp30$ cells were found to be more sensitive compared with BY4741 cells, when exposed to a lethal heat stress at $50^{\circ}C$. When budding yeast is exposed to either heat shock or weak organic acid, it inhibits Pma1p activity. In this study, we measured the levels of Pma1p in mutant and Wt cells both during optimal temperature and heat shock temperature. We observed that $BY4741{\Delta}hsp30$ cells showed constitutive reduction of Pma1p. To gain further insights into the role of Hsp30 during heat stress, we compared the total protein profile by 2D gel electrophoresis followed by identification of differentially expressed spots by LC-MS. We observed that contrary to that expected from thermal-stress-induced changes in gene expression, the ${\Delta}hsp30$ mutant maintained elevated levels of Pdc1p, Trx1p, and Nbp35p and reduced levels of Atp2p and Sod1p during heat shock. In conclusion, Hsp30 is necessary during lethal heat stress, for the maintenance of Pma1p and a set of thermal stress response functions.

• 열처리공학회지
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.91-102
• /
• 1996

Microstructural control to produce multiphase structure has received much attention to improve the high temperature strength as well as low temperature ductility of intermetallics. Transmission electron microscopic investigation has been carried out concerning the effect of Cr-precipitation on the mechanical properties of B2-ordered NiAl containing 4 to 8 mol% of Cr. By aging at temperatures around 973 K after solution annealing, fine spherical precipitates took place homogeneously in the NiAl matrix and the alloys hardened appreciably. Selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns have not revealed any additional extra-spots during aging, because the Cr-particles show cube-cube orientation relationship and keep a perfect coherency with the ordered matrix lattice. Dislocations were confirmed to bypass the particles during deformation. Although the dispersion of Cr-particles increased the yield strength of NiAl at intermediate temperature, the strength decreased appreciably at higher temperatures.