• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제25권12호
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• pp.1776-1783
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• 2001

Heat recovery from boiler exhaust gas with multi-stage water-fluidized-bed heat exchanger is analyzed in this study. The recovered energy here is not only sensible heat but also latent heat contained in the exhaust gas. In this system direct contact heat transfer occurs while exhaust gas passes through water bed and the thermal energy recovered this way is again delivered to the water circulating through heat exchanging pipes within the bed. Thus the thermal energy of exhaust gas can be recovered as a clean hot water. A computer program developed in this study can predict the heat transfer performance of the system. The results of experiments performed in this study agree well with the calculated ones. The heat and mass transfer coefficients can be fecund through these experiments. The performance increases as the number of stage increases. However at large number of stages the increasing rate becomes very low.

• 한국연소학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.36-45
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• 2011

The heat-flow characteristics and reforming efficiency of steam reformer with combustor are numerically investigated at various operating conditions. SCR(Steam to Carbon Ratio) and GHSV(Gas Hourly Space Velocity) are adopted as important operating conditions. User-Defined-Function(UDF) was used to simultaneously calculate reforming and combustion reaction. Numerical results show that hot burned gas rise by a buoyant force and heat exchange between reforming reactors and cocurrent flow occurs in the combustion region. The results also indicate that an increase of SCR leads to decrease the mole fraction of hydrogen at the reactor outlet. As GHSV increases, conversion rate decreases.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.33-39
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• 2017

Purpose: The use of renewable energy system is essential for building energy independence and saving energy consumption in the building sector. Among renewable energy technologies, ground source heat pump(GSHP) system is more energy-efficient and environmental-friendly than other heat source systems due to utilize stable ground heat source. However, the GSHP system requires a high initial installation cost and installation space in limited urban area, so it is difficult to have superiority in the market of heat source system. Therefore, it is necessary to develop the installation method of low-cost and improve system performance. This paper aims to evaluate the performance of double u-tube ground heat exchanger(GHX) and verify system feasibility through real-scale experiment. Method: In this study, the real-scale experiment of vertical closed-type GSHP system was conducted using double u-tube GHX and high-efficiency grout. Through the verification experiment, heat source temperature, heat exchange rate(HER) and seasonal performance factor(SPF) were measured according to the long-term operation. In addition, the feasibility analysis was conducted comparing to the single u-tube system. Result: In the results of experiment, average HER was 136.27 W/m and average SPF was 5.41. Furthermore, compared to the single u-tube, the installation cost of the developed system could be reduced about 70% in the same heating load condition.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제25권11호
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• pp.600-605
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• 2013

Ground source heat pump systems (GSHP) can achieve higher performance of the system, by supplying more efficient heat source to the heat pump, than the conventional air-source heat pump system. But building clients and designers have hesitated to use GSHP systems, due to expensive initial cost, and uncertain economic feasibility. In order to reduce the initial cost, many researches have focused on the energy-pile system, using the structure of the building as a heat exchanger. Even though several experimental studies for the energy-pile system have been conducted, there was not enough data of quantitative evaluation with economic analysis and comprehensive analysis for the energy-pile. In this study, a prediction method has been developed for the energy pile system with barrette pile, using the ground heat transfer model and ground heat exchanger model. Moreover, a feasibility study for the energy pile system with barrette pile was conducted, by performance analysis and LCC assessment. As a result, it was found that the heat exchange rate of a barrette pile was 2.55 kW, and the payback period using LCC analysis was 8.8 years.

• 에너지공학
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.214-222
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• 2001

회전형 히트파이프는 다수의 히트파이프 요소를 원통형으로 열교환기를 구성하고 회전시키므로서 열전달 효과를 향상시키고 배가스에 포함되어 있는 분진대책을 용이하도록 하여 오염폐가스에 대해서도 연속적으로 운전을 가능하게 하기 위한 것이다. 이러한 회전형 히트파이프 요소는 작동유체의 귀환을 원심력을 이용하여야 하므로 중심회전측과 2$^{\circ}$내지 5$^{\circ}$경사각으로 조립하여 회전반경을 갖고 회전하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 회전형 히트 파이프식 열교환기의 구성요소인 히트파이프요소에 대해서 회전반경, 경사각 및 회전속도에 따라 작동유체의 귀환력에 대한 이론해석을 수행하였다. 한열당 20개씩 총 60개의 히트파이프요소가 3열로 배열된 열교환기를 제작하여 성능실험을 수행하였고, 비회전형 히트파이프열교환기와 성능을 비교하여 16%정도의 성능향상이 있음을 알았다.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.203-214
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• 2024

A heat exchanger is a device designed to transfer heat between two or more fluids. In a vehicle's thermal management system, Al heat exchangers play a critical role in controlling and managing heat for efficient and safe operation of the engine and other components. The fluid used to prevent heat exchangers from overheating the engine is mostly tap water. Heat exchange performance can be maintained at sub-zero temperatures using a solution mixed with antifreeze. Although the fluid flowing through the heat exchanger can reduce the temperature inside the engine, it also has various problems such as cavitation corrosion. Cavitation corrosion characteristics in tap water and corrosion characteristics were evaluated in this study when antifreeze was added for test specimens where AA4045 was cladded on the inner surface of AA3003 tubes of a fin-type heat exchanger. The cavitation corrosion resistance of AA3003 was found to be superior to that of AA4045 regardless of the test solution due to higher corrosion resistance and hardness of AA3003 than those of AA4045. The cavitation corrosion rate of Al alloys increased with the addition of antifreeze.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 2001년도 학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.281-285
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• 2001

This study was carried out to improve the performance of heat recovery device attached to exhaust gas flue connected to combustion chamber of greenhouse heating system. Three different units were prepared for the comparison of heat recovery performance; AB-type(control unit) is exactly the same with the typical one fabricated for previous study of analyzing heat recovery performance in greenhouse heating system, other two types(C-type and D-type) modified from the control unit are different in the aspects of airflow direction(U-turn airflow) and pipe arrangement. The results are summarized as follows; 1. In the case of Type-AB, when considering the initial cost and current electricity fee required for system operation, it is expected that one or two years at most would be enough to return the whole cost invested. 2. Type-C and Type-D, basically different with Type-AB in the aspect of airflow pattern, are not sensitive to the change of blower capacity with higher than $25\;m^{3}/min$. Therefore, heat recovery performance was not improved so significantly with the increment of blower capacity. This is assumed to be that air flow resistance in high air capacity reduces the heat exchange rate as well. Never the less, compared with control unit, resultant heat recovery rate in Type-C and Type-D were improved by about 5% and 13%, respectively. 3. Desirable blower capacity for these heat recovery units experimented are expected to be about $25\;m^{3}/min$, and at the proper blower capacity, U-turn airflow units showed better heat recovery performance than control unit. But, without regard to the type of heat recovery unit, it is recommended that comprehensive consideration of system's physical factors such as pipe arrangement density, unit pipe length and pipe thickness, etc., are required for the optimization of heat recovery system in the aspects of not only energy conservation but economic system design.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.321-326
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• 2011

Recently, ground source heat pump (GSHP) systems have been introduced in many modem buildings which use the annually stable characteristic of underground temperature as one of the renewable energy uses. However, all of GSHP systems cannot achieve high level of energy efficiency and energy-saving, because their performance significantly depends on thermal properties of soil, the condition of groundwater, building loads, etc. In this research, the effect of thermal properties of soil on the performance of GSHP systems has been estimated by a numerical simulation which is coupled with ground heat and water transfer model, ground heat exchanger model and surface heat balance model. The thermal conductivity of soil, the type of soil and the velocity of groundwater flow were used as the calculation parameter in the simulation. A numerical model with a ground heat exchanger was used in the calculation and, their effect on the system performance was estimated through the sensitivity analysis with the developed simulation tool. In the result of simulation, it founds that the faster groundwater flow and the higher heat conductivity the ground has, the more heat exchange rate the system in the site can achieve.

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.276-283
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• 2012

This study presents the results on the changes of crucible thermal conductivity and inflow of Ar, and constructed the mathematical model about heat transfer into furnace. As process variables, simulation model was designated thermal conductivity of crucible to $0.5W{\cdot}m^{-1}{\cdot}K^{-1}$, $1W{\cdot}m^{-1}{\cdot}K^{-1}$, $2W{\cdot}m^{-1}{\cdot}K^{-1}$, $4W{\cdot}m^{-1}{\cdot}K^{-1}$, and inflow rate of Ar to 15 L/min, 30 L/min, 60 L/min. Initial condition and boundary condition were set respectively in two terms of process. Each initial conditions were set up by the preceding simulation of heat and fluid flow. The primary goal is the application of unidirectional growth of Si ingot using the result. In the result of the change of heat conductivity of crucible, the higher thermal conductivity of crucible shows the shorter solidification time and the bigger temperature difference. And the flow patterns are changed with the inflow rate of Ar. Finally, we found that the lower crucible's thermal conductivity, the better crucible is at polycrystalline Si ingot growth. But in case of Ar inflow, it is hard to say about good condition. This data will be evaluated as useful reference used in allied study or process variable control of production facilities.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.221-226
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• 2000

Hot air heater with light oil burner is the most common heater for greenhouse heating in the winter season in Korea. However, since the thermal efficiency of the heater is about 80∼85%, considerable unused heat amount in the form of exhaust gas heat discharges to atmosphere. In order to capture this exhaust heat a heat recovery system for plant bed heating in the greenhouse was built and tested in the hot air heating system of greenhouse. The heat recovery system is made for plant bed or soil heating in the greenhouse. The system consisted of a heat exchanger made of copper pipes, ${\Phi}12.7{\times}0.7t$ located in the rectangular column of $330{\times}330{\times}900mm$, a water circulation pump, circulation plastic pipe and a water tank. The total heat exchanger area is 1.5$m^2$, calculated considering the heat exchange amount between flue gas and water circulated in the copper pipes. The system was attached to the exhaust gas path. The heat recovery system was designed as to even recapture the latent heat of flue gas when exposing to low temperature water in the heat exchanger. According to the performance test it could recover 45,200 to 51,000kJ/hr depending on the water circulation rates of 330 to $690\ell$/hr from the waste heat discharged. The exhaust gas temperature left the heat exchanger dropped to $100^{\circ}C$ from $270^{\circ}C$ by the heat exchange between the water and the flue gas, while water gained the difference and temperature increased to $38^{\circ}C$ from $21^{\circ}C$ at the water flow rate of $690\ell$/hr. By the feasibility test conducted in the greenhouse, the system did not encounter any difficulty in operations. And, the system could recover 220,235kJ of exhaust gas heat in a day, which is equivalent of 34% of the fuel consumption by the water boiler for plant bed heating of 0.2ha in the greenhouse.