• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2021

Water electrolysis technology, which generates hydrogen using renewable energy resources, has recently attracted great attention. Especially, the polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolysis system has several advantages over other water electrolysis technologies, such as high efficiency, low operating temperature, and optimal operating point. Since research that analyzes performance characteristics using test bench have high cost and long test time, however, model based approach is very important. Therefore, in this study, a system model for water electrolysis dynamics of a polymer electrolyte membrane was developed based on MATLAB/Simulink®. The water electrolysis system developed in this study can take into account the heat and mass transfer characteristics in the cell with the load variation. In particular, the performance of the system according to the stack temperature control can be analyzed and evaluated. As a result, the developed water electrolysis system can analyze water pump dynamics and hydrogen generation according to temperature dynamics by reflecting the dynamics of temperature.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.143-150
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• 2022

In this paper, the non-linear mathematical problem is solved via numerical scheme by utilizing shooting method. Brownian diffusion and thermophoresis along mass and heat transfer are accounted for. Non-linear expression is reduced via non-dimensional variables. The simplified ordinary differential equations are tackled by shooting technique. Behavior of distinct influential parameters is investigated graphically and analyzed for temperature and concentration profile. Our finding indicates that temperature profile is enhanced for the thermophoresis, Brownian motion coefficient, Prandtl number, Eckert number and temperature slip parameter. Comparison of numerical technique with the extant literature is made and an acceptable agreement is attained. Graphs are plotted to examine the influence of these parameters.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.30-33
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• 2006

Several crucial issues are discussed in the design of cryogenic cooling system for high field magnets. This study is mainly motivated by our ongoing program to develop a 21 T Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometer (FT-ICR MS). The magnets of this system will be built horizontally to accomplish the requirement of user friendliness and reliability, and the replenishment of cryogen will not be necessary by a closed-loop cooling concept. The initial cool-down and safety are basically considered in this paper. The effects of the helium II volume and the gap distance of the weight load relief valve (or safety valve) on the cool-down time and temperature rising during an off-normal state are discussed. The total amount of cryogenic cooling loads and the required helium flow rate during cool-down are also estimated by a relevant heat transfer analysis. The temperatures of cryogen-free radiation shield are finally determined from the refrigeration power of a cryocooler and the total cryogenic loads.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제88권6호
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• pp.521-533
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• 2023

In the present study, the finite volume method is applied for the thermal performance prediction of the natural ventilation system using vertical solar chimney whereas, design parameters are optimized through the response surface methodology (RSM). The computational simulations are performed for various parameters of the solar chimney such as absorber temperature (40≤T_abs≤70℃), inlet temperature (20≤T₀≤30℃), inlet height of (0.1≤h≤0.2 m) and chimney width (0.1≤d≤0.2 m). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was carried out to identify the design parameters that influence the average Nusselt number (Nu) and mass flow rate (ṁ). Then, quadratic polynomial regression models were developed to predict of all the response parameters. Consequently, numerical and graphical optimizations were performed to achieve multi-objective optimization for the desired criteria. According to the desirability function approach, it can be seen that the optimum objective functions are Nu=25.67 and ṁ=24.68 kg/h·m, corresponding to design parameters h=0.18 m, d=0.2 m, T_abs=46.81℃ and T₀=20℃. The optimal ventilation flow rate is enhanced by about 96.65% compared to the minimum ventilation rate, while solar energy consumption is reduced by 49.54% compared to the maximum ventilation rate.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.57-63
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• 2016

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) 평막 제조를 위하여 PVDF의 용매와 희석제로서 n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP)와 dibutyl-phthlate (DBP)를 각각 사용하여 열유도 상분리(thermally induced phase separation, TIPS)와 비용매유도 상분리(nonsolvent induced phase separation, NIPS)를 동시에 유도하였다. NMP와 DBP를 PVDF와 용융 혼합할 경우 TIPS 공정에서의 결정화 온도가 낮아졌고 NIPS 공정에서의 불안정 영역이 확대되었다. 용매와 희석제의 비율에 따라 상분리 메카니즘이 변화하였고 이에 따라 다양한 구조의 막이 형성됨을 확인하였다. 또한 dope 용액과 비용매의 접촉여부에 따라 지배적인 상분리 거동이 결정되었다. 열전달이 물질전달에 비하여 빠르게 이루어지므로 막의 표면은 NIPS에 의하여 지배를 받고 막의 내부는 TIPS에 의한 구조가 형성되었다. 또한 dope 용액의 급냉온도에 따라 상분리 메카니즘 및 상분리 속도가 변화하여 다양한 구조를 형성하였다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.72-81
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• 2007

In order to screen the aging related proteins in human normal colon epithelia, the comparative proteomics analysis was applied to get the two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) profiles with high resolution and reproducibility from normal colon epithelial tissues of young and aged people. Differential proteins between the colon epithelia of two age groups were found with PDQuest software. The thirty five differential protein-spots were identified by peptide mass fingerprint (PMF) based on matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS) and database searching. Among them there are sixteen proteins which are significantly up-regulated in the colonic mucosal epithelia of young people group, which include ATP synthase beta chain, electron transfer flavoprotein alpha-subunit, catalase, glutathione peroxidase 1, annexin A2 and heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein, etc.; There are nineteen proteins which are significantly up-regulated in the colonic mucosal epithelia of aged people group, which include far upstream element-binding protein 1, nucleoside diphosphate kinase B, protein disulfide-isomerase precursor and VDAC-2, etc.. The identified differential proteins appear to be involved in metabolism, energy generation, chaperone, antioxidation, signal transduction, protein folding and apoptosis. The data will help to understand the molecular mechanisms of human colon epithelial aging.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.44-49
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• 2009

Steam reforming of methane in the high temperature solar chemical reactor bas advantage in its heating method. Using concentrated solar energy as a heating source of the reforming reaction can reduce the $CO_2$ emission by 20% compared to hydrocarbon fuel. In this paper, the simulation result of methane-steam reforming on a high temperature solar chemical reactor(SCR) using Fluent 6.3.26 is presented. The high temperature SCR is designed for the Inha Dish-1, a Dish type solar concentrator installed in Songdo city. Basic SCR performance factors are referred to the former researches of the same laboratory. Inside the SCR porous metal is used for a receiver/reactor. The porous metal is carved like a dome shape on the incident side to increase the heat transfer. Also, ring-disc set of baffle is inserted in the porous metal region to increase the path length. Numerical and physical models are also used from the former researches. Methane and steam is mixed with the same mole fraction and injected into the SCR. The simulation is performed for a various inlet mass flow rate of the methane-steam mixture gas. The result shows that the average reactor temperature and the conversion rate change appreciably by the inlet mass flow rate of 0.0005 kg/s.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2000

다상유체의 작동에 의해서 그 기능을 수행하는 산업기계는 매우 광범위하게 이용된다. 이들 중 일부는 서로 분리된 2상 유체가 반대방향으로 흐르는 특성을 이용하고 있다. 서로 반대방향으로 흐르는 액체상과 기체상의 최대 유량은 역류유동제한 현상으로 제한된다. 이상유동의 질량 및 운동량 보존 방정식을 세우고 쌍곡선형 방정식이 시스템의 특성방정식으로부터 역류유동제한 현상을 예측할 수 있는 모델을 개발하였다. 현재의 모델은 액체상 유입부의 기하학적 모양이 수직이거나 이와 유사한 형태로 되어 있어서 주변에 비등류가 형성되는 경우에 적용된다. 이 모델은 액체와 기체 사이의 질량전달을 일으키는 기계에 대한 유체역학적 운전제한 조건으로 이용될 수 있다.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.1197-1205
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• 1988

본 연구에서는 피스톤운동을 톱날파로 근사하였을 때 단열된 실린더를 갖는 스터링기관에 대한 해석적인 해를 구하고자 한다. 실제기관에서 피스톤운동은 기구 학적 구동기구에 따라 상이하지만 대략적으로 정현파가 되며, 이 경우에는 해석적인 해가 존재하지 않으므로 수학적으로 구간선형적인 톱날파로 근사하였다. 비록 이러 한 근사를 도입한 단열해석이라 하더라도 해석적인 해가 존재한다면 등온해석보다는 기관성능의 예측에 더욱 적합함은 당연하다.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.31-36
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• 2002

터널화재시 화원의 크기에 따른 연기기동을 파악하기 위하여 모현실험 및 수치해석이 수행되었다. 모형실험의 결과를 실제 터널에 대해 적용하기 위하여 Frode상사법을 이용하였다. 터널공간내의 화재 해석에 대한 수치해석의 타간성을 입증하기 위하여 모형실험과 수치해석에서 얻어진 연층의 온도분포를 비교하였다. 터널내 온도분포를 해석함으로써 배기장치가 없는 짧은 터널에 대하여 연층은 전체 터널 높이의 절반 이하로 하강하지 않는다는 사실을 파악하였다. 또한 실험에서 얻어진 연층선단의 전파속도는 화재 발생부의 1/3 풍에 비례한다는 사실을 파악하였으며 이는 기존의 경험식 및 수치해석결과와도 잘 일치하였다. 따라서 짧은 터널에서 화재시 피난대책을 수립하는데 있어서 연층의 수평전파가 수직전파에 비해 중요한 설계변수임을 본 연구를 통하여 제시하였다.