• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.137-147
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to analyze the perception factors of a pedestrian environment that affect pedestrian environment satisfaction(PES) and determine the relationship between PES and the expected effects of health promotion. The targeted areas of study are neighborhood parks in Suseong-gu, Daegu city. First, regarding the results for the evaluation of pedestrian environment perception, 'Gentle slope' was rated the highest, while factors regarding pedestrian safety such as 'Lots of unpleasant elements', 'Risk from biking and motorcycling' and 'Many obstacles on sidewalks' were rated low. A stepwise regression analysis showed that factors such as 'Fresh air', 'Beautiful scenery', 'Continuity of the sidewalks', 'Various attractions', 'The shade of trees' and 'Lots of unpleasant elements' influenced the PES. Therefore, creating fresh air and shade trees by planting trees and removing unpleasant elements from pedestrian areas are important. Also, it is necessary to cultivate beautiful scenery and attractions through street improvement and improve the continuity of the sidewalks. Finally, in terms of path analysis, PES influenced the frequency of park use, the expected effects of physical and mental health promotion both directly and indirectly.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.1058-1071
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• 1999

Although healthy lifestyles have been proved as an effective way of improving higher well-beings for individuals. researches on health-promoting behaviors of minority elderly with a specific ethnic heritage have been sparsely tried. This study was designed to explore health-promoting lifestyle patterns of Korean immigrant elderly living in Seattle, USA and its relationships with two associated perceptual variables, self-esteem and perceived health status. One hundred ten Korean immigrant elderly were recruited from two senior centers and interviewed with a structured questionnaire. Data were collected from October 1998 to January 1999, and analyzed using SPSS program through which t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson Correlation Coefficients were tested. As the results, the mean HPLP score of the Korean immigrant elderly was 2.54 (SD ＝ .36), showing significant differences by education (F ＝ 3.61, P ＝ .016), economic status (F ＝ 3.01, P ＝ .034), and current health status (F ＝ 3.69, p ＝ .008). In self-esteem, two socioeconomic variables showed statistical association with self-esteem : marital status (t ＝ 2.47, P ＝ .015) and living situation (F ＝ 4.03, p ＝ .021). The HPLP subscales that showed higher mean scores were nutrition (M ＝ 3.01, SD ＝ .52) and interpersonal support (M ＝ 2.65, SD ＝ .47) while lower mean scores were detected in the domain of exercise (M ＝ 1.92, SD ＝ .74) and stress management (M ＝ 2.26, SD ＝ .47). Perceived health status revealed significant positive correlation with health-promoting lifestyle patterns (r ＝ .19, P ＝ .043) and self-esteem (r ＝ .32, P ＝ .001) in the present study. It is concluded that engagement in health-promoting lifestyle patterns should be actively encouraged to enhance personal health of Korean immigrant elderly. Developing health promotion programs focused on exercise and stress management is also imperatively suggested not only for better health practices of Korean immigrant elderly population but also for enhancing their level of well-beings and life satisfaction.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.113-127
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• 2021

Purpose: This study examined health behaviors, use of health services, and depression among women who perform daytime and shift work in Korea, as well as factors related to depression. Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis using data from the 2018 data of the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Data on women, 1,493 regular daytime workers and 322 shift workers, were analyzed. Results: Women shift workers (χ²=43.97, p<.001), had a lower education level (χ²=45.56, p<.001), and lower personal income (χ²=16.85, p=.030) than their daytime counterparts. A higher proportion of shift workers were unmarried (χ²=37.47, p<.001) and they typically worked fewer than 40 hours per week (χ²=69.94, p<.001). The depression score of shift workers was higher than that of daytime workers (t=2.85, p=.005). A higher proportion of shift workers also drank alcohol (χ²=6.49, p=.032) and smoked (χ²=30.79, p<.001). Over 8% of shift workers typically slept fewer than 5 hours per night (χ²=14.17, p=.024). It was confirmed that depression in women shift workers was affected by age, personal income, marital status, health status, and smoking status, in addition to cancer screening participation, unmet medical care needs, and unmet dental care needs. Conclusion: More attention should be given to the health needs of women working shifts. Health promotion programs specific for women shift workers are needed to improve their physical and mental health, encourage use of medical care services, and improve public health policies and systems.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.681-691
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• 2001

Purpose: The exercise status in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, associations between exercise behavior and personal factors, and associations between exercise behavior and exercise-specific cognitions and their effects were assessed. Method: Four hundred thirty nine outpatients with rheumatoid arthritis were studied. The exercise status was measured by a single item. The intensity was multiplied by the frequency and duration of each exercise. The product of these intensity values for all exercises was defined as exercise behavior. Based on the Pender's revised health promotion model, exercise benefit, barrier, self-efficacy, enjoyment and social support were chosen as exercise specific cognitions and affect variables. Path analysis was used to identify the predictors of exercise behavior. Results: Compared to the duration before being diagnosed, the number of subjects who exercised regularly increased after being diagnosed. However over half of the subjects refrain from any sort of exercise and the type of exercise is very limited. Among the variables, exercise barrier, self-efficacy, and social support were found to be significant predictors of exercise behavior, and only previous exercise experience was found to be significant predictors of all behavior specific cognitions and affect variables. Conclusion: These findings suggest that studies should explore exercise behaviors and strategies to emphasize the cognitive-motivational messages to promote exercise behaviors.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.39-51
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• 2023

This study utilized qualitative research to understand the changes taking place in adolescent dietary behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic and the current status of school-provided nutrition counseling. These, along with barriers and strategies for improvement, were derived from focus group interviews with 10 nutrition teachers. Throughout the pandemic, adolescents experienced various dietary problems, including frequent meal skipping, unbalanced diets, increased obesity, and difficulties building positive attitudes towards food. To resolve these dietary problems, nutrition teachers recognized the need for school-provided nutrition counseling. However, nutrition teachers faced various barriers, such as a lack of time for nutrition counseling among students, lack of support from parents, and insufficient space and resources. To revitalize school-provided nutrition counseling, strategies such as home-connected nutrition counseling, the development of standardized guidelines, manuals for school-provided nutrition counseling, software support for nutrition diagnosis, and implementation of nutrition counseling in connection with cooking activities were proposed. This is important as school-provided nutrition counseling can help develop the foundation for healthy dietary behaviors and health promotion in adolescents.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.237-247
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the social determinants of health (SDH) associated with health-related quality of life (HQOL) among the community-dwelling elderly, based on the conceptual framework of the Commission on Social Determinants of Health (CSDH). Methods: A survey was conducted with 199 elders aged 65 years or older sampled through convenient sampling. Data were collected through face to face interviews by trained interviewers using a structured questionnaire, which included scales of the residential area, social support, sense of community, social network, health behaviors, and HQOL. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and stepwise multivariate regression. Results: Major SDH affecting HQOL included the participants' residential area, sense of community, and health behavior. The HQOL of the elderly residing in the B area with a low rate of basic livelihood security recipients was higher than that of those residing in other areas. Conclusion: CSDH framework was useful to determine the factors associated with HQOL among the community-dwelling elderly. In addition to their health behavior, their sense of community was found to be a SDH of HQOL, indicating the need of health promotion programs tailored to the characteristics of residential areas and strategies to enhance involvement in community activities.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.86-99
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• 1993

본 연구의 목적은 한국청소년들의 건강행동실태를 파악하기 위한 것이다. 본 연구의 의의는 미국에서 행해지고 있는 청소년의 건강유지 및 증진과 아울러 성인병이나 조기사망에 대한 역학적인 접근방식을 한국청소년을 대상으로 하여 응용하는 데 있다. 이 연구에 사용된 연구도구는 미국의 Centers for Disease Control에서 청소년의 건강행동을 역학적으로 연구하기 위해 개발한 Youth Risk Behavior Survey를 한국 사회환경의 요구도에 맞게 수정한 것이다. 본 연구는 한국인 청소년들의 건강행동을 조사하기 위한 타당성있는 연구도구를 개발하기 위해 4개의 단계로 구성되어 있다. 두번의 focus group discussion과 pilot test, 그리고 실제조사로 이루어져 있다. 서울지역의 중.고등학생을 대표할 표본추출은 cluster sampling을 사용하였다. Cluster는 본 연구에서 구분한 서울의 지리적인 구역들, 즉 북부, 남부, 그리고 산업지역을 포함했고, 남자학교, 여자학교, 남녀공학학교를 포함했다. 총38개 중.고교 학생 4,747명이 조사되었다. 약 52.4%의 응답자가 심각하게 자살을 생각해본 적이 있다고 답했다. 그리고 23.6%가 설문조사전 30일 중에 담배를 피운 적이 있다고 응답했으며 49.7%는 설문조사전 30일중에 술을 마신 적이 있다고 답했다. 약 29%가 설문조사전 30일 중에 싸움에 가담한 적이 있다고 응답했다. 본 연구에서 조사된 건강관련행동 (건강위험행동 포함)들은 성, 연령, 성적, 사회경제적 위치, 학교 종류, 그리고 서울의 지리적인 구역에 따라 다양하게 나타났다. 남학생이 여학생보다 더 간강위험행동을 나타내었다. 건강위험행동은 나이가 증가함에 따라 증가했다. 사회경제적 위치가 낮다고 응답한 학생들과 학급에서 성적이 하위라고 응답한 학생들의 경우 건강위험행동은 더 많이 나타났다.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.61-76
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• 2003

Substance abuse among teenagers has been spreading widely and become a serious social problem. However, teachers hardly realize its importance. Recently, substance abuse prevention programs show a tendency towards one time education. This study aims to research the effect of substance abuse prevention on high school students using the Life Skills Training Program. Two classes(36 students in the experimental group, 35 in the control group) at W High School in Daejeon were randomly sampled for this study from May to June 2002. Substance knowledge and attitude, problem solving, and assertiveness were examined as Pre and Post-Tests. The data was analyzed using frequencies, t-test, means, and covariance(ANCOVA). The results of this study were as follows； 1. Compared with the control group, substance knowledge in the experimental group was significantly improved(F＝176.317, P＝.000). And compared with the control group, substance attitudes in the experimental group were improved significantly.(F＝207.682, P＝.000). 2. Compared with the control group, cognitions to problem solving in the experimental group was significantly improved(F＝100.937, P＝.000). 3. Compared with the control group, assertiveness behaviors in the experimental group were increased significantly(F＝207.255, P＝.000). The study showed that Substance Abuse Prevention of High School Students was effective in improving substance knowledge and attitude, cognition to problem solving, and assertiveness behavior. Some suggestions based on the result are as follows； 1. Substance abuse preventive programs must be practiced properly and systematically with high school students in their regular classes. 2. Various preventive education programs must be developed for substance abuse where high school students can join in a community center, such as Community Welfare Center, Alcoholic Counseling Center, and Mental Health Center. 3. For the furthering of substance abuse preventive education, there must be continued research about not only students with problems of substance misuse and abuse, but also students without them. 4. There must be early determination of students with problems of substance misuse to be able provide school social workers with the opportunity for intervention.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.87-102
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• 2002

Injury has now replaced disease as the biggest single cause of death in children after their first birthday. Each day child dies from preventable, unintentional injury and the medical cost of these injury is increasing remarkably. It is necessary to develope injury prevention models to explain, predict, manage, evaluate and analyze the information about accident. The purpose of this paper is, firstly, to investigate parent's actions regarding safety measures at home and secondly, to identify the influencing factors of parents' safety behaviors. The selection of such factors is guided by the theoretical framework of the Pender's Health Promotion Model. Method ; The questionnaire was developed on the basis of other investigations, through pilot testing, peer review, and review by field health workers. The questionnaire was completed by 231 mothers of young children. Data was collected between April and May 2002. Variable Use of three different domains of safety behavior, safety habits, supervision and perception of safety devices, were listed. Mothers were self reported on internal locus of control, mother & child relationships, and marital intimacy. Also the elements of the Health Promotion Model: perceived benefit, barrier, threat, and self-efficacy, were surveyed. Results & discussion The results indicate that most parents take considerable action to reduce household hazards. The constructs derived from the Model were statistically significant differences for a small part of the variables on parental behavior to reduce hazards in the home, such as age, education, economic status, self-efficacy, perceived benefit, internal locus of control. Future studies ought to include social influences, such as expectations, perceived norms, knowledge, and child-related variables, relevant to parental safety measures in their home.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.95-112
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• 1997

This study examines knowledge, attitudes and behaviors toward sexual activity among 412 college students in Seoul. An 127-item questionnaire is used in order to understand and consider alcircumstances involved in decisions about sexual activity, and to reflect to the course on healthy sexuality. The major findings are as follows: 1. ‘Books/media’ and ‘friends’ are the primary source of sexual knowledge. 2. Despite the increased number of sxeducation programs, peers apparently remain the major source of information and the counsellor of the sexual problems(71.6%). 3. About ninety percent of males and 14.2 percent of females masurbate. Although mastubation is anormal response to pleasurable bodily feelings, students feel ‘unnatural’, ‘bad’ or ‘guilty’. 4. For some students, sexual intercourse is perceived as the natural outgrowth of love. More than thirty oercent of males and 8. 1 percent of females are engaged in inter -course. 5. Asking parents or teachers to be specific in talking about sex makes it uncomfortable to discuss sex. 6. Sex education should begin in the family and in school in early childhood and continue throughout life. 7. Sexual feelings and emotions are stirred up differently between male and female by sexual sensations. 8. Half of the intimate relationship with opposite sex shows a love relationship with sexual closeness and pleasure. Unguided reading or peers remain the primary source of information about topics like masurbation and sexual technique. Thus, schools should be responsible for the more value-laden subjects (such as birth control, homosexuality, and sexual techniques). And inclusionof a peer education componebt that modified college students' perceived peer norms may be the intervention method of choice. The prevention of health problems is far more desirable than treatment. The earlier the knowledge and skill to make healthful decisions are instilled, the greater the chance a healthful lifestyle will be adopted. School is the logical place in our society to provide the college students learning opportunities essential to developing the knowledge and skills to choose a healthful life course.