• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2002

Pest control is required for protecting the food supply and for controlling disease vectors. Unfortunately, there is no perfectly safe form of pest control. Pesticides are commonly used for pest control. Pesticides are defined under the US Federal Insecticide Fungicide and Rodenticide Act(FIFRA) as any substance or mixture of substances intended to prevent, destroy, repel, or mitigate pests, and any substance or mixture of substances intended for use as a plant regulator, defoliant, or dessicant(40 CFR Part 152). Currently in the United States, there are 890 active ingredients registered as pesticides. Approximately one billion pounds of active ingredient are used in the US per year. Unlike most chemicals(anti-neoplastic and anti-micobial medications are the principal exceptions), pesticides are specifically designed to kill and cause harm. Because society allows these chemicals to be disseminated into the environment, it is important to monitor the health effects associated with these releases. This represents an important justification for establishing and maintaining surveillance systems for acute pesticide-related illness and injury. A comprehensive, national surveillance system for acute pesticide-related illness and injury does not currently exist in the US. Although the United States has several surveillance systems for this condition, none provide a complete understanding of the problem of acute pesticide-related illness and injury. The Toxic Exposure Surveillance System(TESS) and Bureau of Labor Statisitics(BLS) are useful for assessing magnitude and trends. The state-based surveillance systems are more useful for timely identification of outbreaks and emerging problems. Efforts are underway to increase the number of states that conduct surveillance, and to broaden the use of the standardized case definition to facilitate aggregation of data across states. Through such efforts, a comprehensive, national surveillance system may be attainable.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.696-704
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• 2007

To investigate of the perception and using behavior by age of tofu, 46.3% of male and 53.7% of female about 700 adults in Daegu and kyungbuk area were surveyed. 96.4% of the participants usually preferred the tofu owing to health and 68.4% of them had purchased tofu made of domestic soybean. In addition, the responses to 7 questions about the tofu were also measured on 5 point Likert scale. The item "Tofu is healthy food" was totally received the high point but "Tofu prevents osteoporosis" earned the lowest. Most participants relatively knew and had eaten common tofu, soft bean curd, uncurdled bean curd, fried bean curd against functional tofu such as tofu added with omija, surimi, spinach, etc. But they intended to eat functional tofu such as tofu added with green tea, black sesame, spinach, omija. Furthermore, 60.7% replied "increasing" prospects for the tofu consumption. 40.0% of adults said the plan should be "Make of good quality domestic soybean" for the purpose of better improvement to consume.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.5-15
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• 1985

It has been a long tradition in the field of nutrition that the degree of malnutrition in a community used to be estimated by the degree of the adequacy of nutrients consumption in the households. The adequacy of nutrient consumption in the households then used to be applied to estimate the degree of malnutrition of the children. Such a practice is theoretically acceptable in the community where the food sharing within the household is individual serving style such as in European countries. However, the community where the dietary habit in the household is communal such as in Korea, the estimation of single serving portion from household consumption is quite uncertain. Because of such an uncertainty this study is intended to test the validity of the household food consumption level as an indication of nutritional status of the children in the rural farm households in Korea. The date from the household consumption survey in 1982 by the Korean Rural Nutrition Institute has been used for the analysis of food consumption levels of the households. The survey on the nutritional status of children of 127 preschool children from 78 farm households, has been conducted during May 1983. The nutritional status of the children has been directly measured by weight, height, skinfold thickness, haemoglobin, haematocrit and morbidity of influenza and diarrhoea. The analysis has been conducted to distinguish the differences in prevalence of malnutrition of children from the estimated of household consumption and that of from the direct measurement of nutritional status of children. The results show that the degree of malnutrition of the estimated by the household consumption level has not related with the prevalence of malnutrition by the direct measures of nutritional status of the children. Therefore, the validity of household consumption level as an indication of nutrional status in a same household is quite uncertain for the population studied.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제16권sup1호
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• pp.21-36
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• 2022

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The long-term health impacts of dietary sugar have begun to be reported. The committee on the 2020 Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans for sugar intended to update the scientific evidence on the association of added sugar intake with health outcomes, including mortality. This study evaluated the evidence on the association of dietary sugar with the all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality from cohort studies. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The PubMed and ScienceDirect databases were searched until July 2021. The search terms were based on multiple combinations of keywords, such as added sugar, beverage, and mortality, included in the title or abstract. Two authors independently assessed the eligibility criteria of study selection and extracted the information from each selected article for this systematic review. RESULTS: The literature search identified 276 articles. Seventeen cohort studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this systematic review. This study extracted information on the cohort and participants, dietary assessment methods, exposure and its comparison groups, health outcomes, and risk measures. Five articles reported added sugar intake, and 15 articles reported the food sources of the added sugar in the association with mortality. Increased mortality was observed in higher added sugar intake and a lower intake of less than 5% of energy, while higher discrepancies between gender, age groups, and countries were noted. In addition, nutritious sugary foods and beverages did not increase mortality. CONCLUSIONS: A 'U' or 'J' shaped relationship between the added sugar intake and mortality was estimated. The observed discrepancy indicated the need for more evidence to establish the dose-response relationship for Koreans.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.237-242
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• 2003

식품산업체에서 검사한 자료의 일반세균수는 대부분 불규칙 분포를 나타낸다. 최근 이러한 불규칙적인 경향에 대하여 미생물수의 lognormal 분포 특성을 이용하는 확률분포 모델을 적용함으로써 좀더 정확한 변화의 특성을 밝히고 있다. 확률분포 모델을 이요하면 일반세균수와 대장균군 등의 분석결과에 대해 과거의 단순한 경향분석을 벗어나, 유용한 분석이 가능한 것으로 나타나고 있다. 본 여구는 냉동만두류를 생성하는 2개 업체의 각각 1년 동안 실험된 일반세균 자료를 갖고, 확률분포 모델 활용의 타당성과 업체간의 위생수준 상호비교 그리고 예상되는 위해발생 예측에 적용 검토하였다. 그 결과 정량적인 미생물 자료에 대한 확률분포 모델의 적용은 식품산업체에서 일반세균수에 의한 위해발생 가능성을 예측하고 안전관리 수준을 결정하는데 유용한 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.324-331
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• 2019

The objective of this study was to evaluate physicochemical and sensory properties, the texture profile, and antioxidant activity of ginseng extract-supplemented quark cheese as a new cheese product intended to improve public health. After addition of less than 1.0% ginseng extract, the moisture content of quark significantly decreased, while fat and protein levels increased, although microbial counts and lactose and ash contents were not affected significantly (p<0.05). In terms of color, $L^*$ values decreased significantly with increasing concentration of ginseng extract, while $a^*$ values increased significantly (p<0.05). The results of texture profiling showed that cohesiveness and springiness were unaffected, whereas hardness, gumminess, and chewiness increased significantly. The 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical-scavenging activities of the cheese fortified with 0%, 0.5%, or 1.0% of the ginseng extract were $4.22%{\pm}0.12%$, $20.14%{\pm}1.34%$, and $56.32%{\pm}1.54%$, respectively. The results of sensory analysis indicated that bitterness, ginseng odor, and aftertaste significantly improved with increasing concentration of ginseng extract (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the overall quality attributes of quark cheese between the no-supplement control and samples with less than 0.5% of the ginseng extract (p>0.05), suggesting that these products could help to promote public health as functional foods.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.109-121
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• 1996

It was intended to investigate the effect of the microbiological kitchen hygiene such as dishclothes and scrubbers. The 8indicator organisms (standard plate counts, coliform, heterotroph, enterococcus, staphylococcus, heat-stable bacteria, psychrotroph, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) were detected highly in dishwaters, dishcloth and scrubber. Coliform and Staphylococcus aureus were appeared on dishcloth dominantly than the scrubber, and the scrubbers were intruded by hetrotrophs and psychrotrophs numerously than dishclothes. The germ-resistant sponge inhibited the growth of the most of test strain, and appeared the about 100% reduction rate after 24 hr, but did not affect Pseudomonas aeruginosa and P. fragi so typically after 24 hr. The anti-microorganism durability of germ-resistant sponge, treated with food soil, was maintained by 10 days, the early stage strain density was founded in 20 days, and the strains grew after 30 days.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.205-215
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• 2005

Health is easily overlooked because it doesn’t be changed good or bad due to sudden effort or indifference unexpectedly but kept in daily life. Especially, schoolchildren period, an important lifetime to develop both physically and mentally needs to be helpful to promote the growth of the body and keep well-balanced mind through balanced and nourishing diet. The purpose of this study was to develop nutrition education contents for discretional activities in elementary school. The present educational contents about food and nutrition was analysed in the curriculum of elementary school. The results showed the Korean language(20.8%) included an highest ratio in educational contents about food and nutrition, the next was the courses of physical education and wise life(18.1%, each). As the educational contents about food and nutrition in the textbook were dealt with food information (20.8%), Health․Disease(15.3%), and correct dietary habits by order. We could found more contents in the text for the higher classes than for the lower classes. But the most of the contents appeared lack of structure, profundity and continuity for the systematic nutrition education in its entirety. The developed nutrition education contents for discretional activities in this study consist of korean dinning cultures and foreign dinning cultures, correct dinning etiquette, how to choose healthy food, personal sanitary and health, nutrients and food tower, and problem for children’s nutrition as main subject. This six main subjects were composed of 23 subtitles. The teaching manual consisted of the educational goal, background, teaching plan and effect-evaluation plan, and the notice point for the effective lesson. The teaching plan was made for 30 hours and consisted of cooking course, singing/making lyrics, games in nutrition, debate on dietary habit, and role play etc which are oriented to practical learning. We intended to develop this program that attempts to improve in dietary habit of schoolchildren. It is because once formed an adults dietary habit is difficult to change. Schoolchildren’s period is the best adjustable stage. Therefore, nutrition education in elementary stage can change to dietary habit and build the awareness of health.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.65-71
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• 2008

Objectives : We intended to know the association between Psychosocial Well-being Index(PWI) and health behaviors and also know the useful health guide according to Sasang Constitution Methods : We recruited the 137 subjects from oriental medical clinics around the country and the expert diagnosed Sasang constitution with drug response guide. We used the PWI-SF paper to estimate psychosocial well-being. We used excel program and analyzed with SPSS 14.0K Results : 1. PWI were associated with no passive smoking, everyday regular exercise, eating anything, much eating vegetable and sea-food, no eating snacks. 2. PWI were associated with no passive smoking, 4-5 times regular exercise a week, unconcern in sanitary thought, less or normal amount of meals in Soeumin, no smoking in Taeeumin, and there were not particularly associated ones in Soyangin Conclusions : Health behaviors for PWI are a little different according to Sasang Constitution.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.79-90
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• 2019

There are more and more citizens suffering from severe fatigue, and they wish to escape from it and spend their leisure time for healing. As a result, buildings and complexes are being constructed nationwide with healing as their theme. Particularly, they tend to build facilities with concepts like a spa, beauty, healing, meditation, nature, or forest healing. The purpose of this study is to examine the concept of healing environment and the nationwide tendencies of building facilities with healing as their theme and also investigate the planning characteristics of complexes and architecture with three representative complexes as examples. Complexes intended for healing have immersion into nature being freed from one's routine as their concept. When planning the flow of human traffic within the complexes, they try to obtain the autonomy of choice as well as the diversity of space and experiential factors in order to provide opportunities for experiencing nature. In the complexes selected for a case study here, they have planned the factors of physical environment that are associated with one another based on architectural education programs using red clay, programs specializing poetry, and healing programs using food. Typically, this is centered around outdoor experiential space, indoor meditation and education space, or fitness space. Also, it is characterized by the planning of physical environment and the complex operation of programs. Particularly, public space is divided into communal space, resting space, and health and treatment space, and health/resting space is mainly intended for health and exercise, for example, fitness, spas, or jjimjilbang (Korean dry saunas). Also, it is characterized by the planning of pitched roofs harmonized with nature and also facade planning that can positively adopt the factors of natural environment.