• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.346-353
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• 2012

본 연구는 산화 촉진 조건에서 한우육의 항산화효소 활성, 지방산화 및 향기패턴의 관계에 관해 구명하고자 실시하였다. $15^{\circ}C/RH$ 100%와 동일한 이산화탄소의 농도(20%)에서 산소의 농도(0%, 25%, 50% 및 75%)에 따라 8일간 저장하면서 가스의 농도, catalase 및 glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) 활성, TBARS, 육색 및 향기패턴을 분석하였다. 가스의 농도는 산소 처리구들에서 저장기간 동안 산소의 감소와 이산화탄소의 증가를 보였으며, 총감소량과 총 증가량은 25%>50%>75% 순으로 높았다. Catalase활성은 저장기간 동안 산소 농도에 따른 차이를 보이지 않았으나, GSH-Px 활성은 저장 중 산소의 농도가 증가함에 따라 급격히 감소하여 8일째에는 0%>25%>50%>75%순으로 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). TBARS 함량은 산소의 농도가 증가함에 따라 빨리 촉진되어 저장 2일째부터 0%<25%<50%<75% 순으로 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 육색은 산소처리구들의 명도($L^*$)가 무산소 처리구보다 높았다(p<0.05).적색도($a^*$)는 저장 0일째에 0%<25%<50%<75% 순으로 높았으나(p<0.05), 2일째부터는 산소 처리구들이 낮았다(p<0.05). 황색도($b^*$)는 산소 처리구들이 높았으며(p<0.05),저장 0일과 8일째에 0%<25%<50%<75% 순으로 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 전자코에 의한 향기패턴은 저장 8일째에 무산소 처리구와 산소 처리구들간에 뚜렷하게 분별되었다. 따라서 산소의 농도가 증가함에 따라 한우육의 항산화효소, 지방산화 및 육색의 안정성이 현저하게 저하되었으며, 항산화효소 활성 및 지방산화가 향기패턴의 차이에 영향을 미친다고 사료된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.194-199
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• 2007

Effects of recombinant bovine somatotropin (bST) on plasma hormonal concentration, embryo quality, and pregnancy rate were examined during the superovulation and synchronization treatment in donor and recipient cows. Hanwoos (Korean native beef cattle) were treated with controlled internal drug release (CIDR) combined with bST (CIDR+bST) or without bST (CIDR) as donor cows. The embryos recovered from donors were transferred into Holstein recipient heifers treated with bST (CIDR+bST) or without bST (CIDR) for synchronization. The correlation between IGF-I and P4 showed a positive pattern in the CIDR+bST group (r=0.44, p<0.01), but a negative pattern was shown in the CIDR group (r = -0.59, p<0.02) at day 7 of estrous cycles. Although the number of recovered, transferable, and degenerated embryos was not different, quantities of grade 1 (excellent) embryos in CIDR+bST group were significantly higher than those of the CIDR group (p<0.01). The pregnancy rate was higher in the CIDR+bST recipient group compared to CIDR group (p<0.05), when the embryos were recovered from the donors treated with CIDR. However, the pregnancy was maintained highly in both recipient groups, when the embryos were produced by CIDR+bST treated donors. It can be concluded that bST administration combined with CIDR is an effective method for superovulation and synchronization treatment to stabilize plasma hormonal levels, to obtain excellent quality of embryos, and to get higher pregnancy rate.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.3-7
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• 2005

The insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), their receptors, and their binding proteins play key roles in regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP3, OMIM #146732) is one of the proteins that bind to the IGFs. IGFBP3 is a modulator of IGF bioactivity, and direct growth inhibitor in the extravascular tissue compartment. We identified twenty-two novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IGFBP3 gene in Korean cattle (Hanwoo, Bos taurus coreanae) by direct sequencing of full gene including -1,500 bp promoter region. Among the identified SNPs, five common SNPs were screened in 650 Korean cattle; one SNP in promoter (IGFBP3 G-854C), one in 5'UTR region (IGFBP3 G-100A), two in intron 1 (IGFBP3 G+421T, IGFBP3 T+1636A), and one in intron 2 (IGFBP3 C+3863A). The frequencies of each SNP were 0.357 (IGFBP3 G-854C), 0.472 (IGFBP3 G-100A), 0.418 (IGFBP3 G+421T), 0.363 (IGFBP3 T+1636A) and 0.226 (IGFBP3 C+3863A), respectively. Haplotypes and their frequencies were estimated by EM algorithm. Six haplotypes were constructed with five SNPs and linkage disequilibrium coefficients (|D'|) between SNP pairs were also calculated. The information on SNPs and haplotypes in IGFBP3 gene could be useful for genetic studies of this gene.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.75-80
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• 2015

Calf losses have an economic impact on larger Korean native cattle (KNC) breeding farms due to replacement, productivity, and marketing. However, little research on KNC calf mortality or causes of calf death on large-scale breeding farms has been conducted. Based on medical records and autopsy findings from the Hanwoo experimental station of the National Institute of Animal Science, calf death records from 2002 to 2011 were used to identify the causes of mortality. Mortality rate of KNC calves was 5.7%. Large differences (1.8~12.6%) in yearspecific mortalities were observed. Calf deaths were due to digestive diseases (68.7%), respiratory diseases (20.9%), accidents (6.0%), and other known diseases (2.2%). The main cause of calf death was enteritis followed by pneumonia, rumen indigestion, and intestinal obstruction. The greatest number of calf deaths occurred during the fall followed by summer. These results indicated that enteritis and pneumonia were the main reasons for calf death. However, autopsy findings demonstrated that other factors also caused calf death. This study suggested that seasonal breeding and routine vaccinations are the most important factors for preventing calf death, and improving calf health in high land areas with low temperature.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2009

고품질 한우를 만들기 위해 여러 경제형질에 영향을 주는 유전자 즉 single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)를 규명하려고 한다. 이미 Lee 등 (2008a)에 의해 SNP(19_1)$^*$SNP(28_2)가 등심단면적 (LMA: longissimus muscle dorsi area)에 주요한 유전자로 규명되었다. 여기에 추가로 도체중 (CWT: carcass cold weight)과 일당증체량 (ADG: average daily gain)을 선형 모형에 적용하였으며 또한 상호작용에 더 유리하고 연속형 데이터에도 사용할 수 있는 expanded multifactor dimensionality reduction (expanded MDR)을 이용하여 주요한 SNP를 파악하였다. Expanded MDR 적용결과 등심단면적과 같은 결과인 SNP(19_1)과 SNP(19_1)$^*$SNP(28_2)의 상호작용 형태가 가장 좋은 SNP로 선정되었으며, 최종적으로 SNP(19_1)*SNP(28_2) 마커가 한우의 여러 경제형질에 우수 유전자임을 규명하였다.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.61-64
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• 2016

We developed a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based molecular method for sexing and identification using sexual dimorphism between the Zinc Finger-X and -Y (ZFX-ZFY) gene and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) for mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome B (CYTB) gene in meat pieces and commercial sausages from animals of different origins. Sexual dimorphism based on the presence or absence of SINE-like sequence between ZFX and ZFY genes showed distinguishable band patterns between male and female DNA samples and were easily detected by PCR analyses. Male DNA had two PCR products appearing as distinct two bands (ZFX and ZFY), and female DNA had a single band (ZFX). Molecular identification was carried out using PCR-RFLP of CYTB gene, and showed clear species classification results. The results yielded identical information on the sexes and the species of the meat samples collected from providers without any records. The analyses for DNA isolated from commercial sausage showed that pig was the major source but several sausages originated from chicken and Atlantic cod. Applying this PCR-based molecular method was useful and yielded clear sex information and identified the species of various tissue samples originating from livestock.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제61권1호
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• pp.18-27
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• 2019

With South Korea's limited capability of feed production because of its relatively small cultivable area, the country is pushed to depend on foreign feed imports despite the immensely fluctuating price of corn. Hence, intensive efforts to increase the total cultivable area in Korea like extending of farming to mountainous area is being practiced. Corn was planted in Goesan County, a mountainous area in the country. Grain and stover were harvested separately in three harvest periods: early-harvest (Aug 8), mid-harvest (Aug 18), and late-harvest (Aug 28). The nutrient composition such as dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fat (EE), organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC) was determined after harvest. Effective degradability (ED) of the major nutrients (DM, NDF, ADF, and CP) were measured through in vitro fermentation of rumen fluid from Hanwoo (Korean cattle). pH, ammonia-N concentration, volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration, and gas production were periodically measured at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h. Corn grain showed higher nutrient content and ED than stover. It also had higher gas production but its pH, ammonia-N, and total VFA concentration were lower than corn stover. The best nutrient composition of corn grain was observed in early-harvest (high CP, EE, NDF, OM, NFC, and low ADF). Early-harvest of corn grain also had high effective degradability of dry matter (EDDM), effective degradability of neutral detergent fiber (EDNDF), effective degradability of acid detergent fiber (EDADF), and total VFA concentration. On the other hand, the best nutrient composition of stover was observed in mid-harvest (high DM, CP, NDF, and low ADF). EDDM, EDNDF, and EDADF were pronounced in early-harvest and mid-harvest of stover but the latter showed high total VFA concentration. Hence, early and mid-harvested corn stover and grain in a mountainous area preserved their nutrients, which led to the effective degradation of major nutrients and high VFA production.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제61권4호
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• pp.239-244
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• 2019

This study aimed to determine the effective dose of intravenous administration of L-tryptophan (L-T) on gastrointestinal hormones (GIH) secretions and melatonin using Hanwoo cattle. Three steers ($362{\pm}23kg$) fitted with indwelling jugular vein catheters were assigned in a $3{\times}3$ Latin square design. Treatments were intravenous administration of saline (control), 28.9 mg L-T/kg body weight (BW; low) and 57.8 mg L-T/kg BW (high) L-T for 1 day with 7 days of adaptation. Samples were collected after adaptation period at -60, 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 240, and 300 min of sampling day. The levels of serum cholecystokinin (CCK) and secretin were higher (p < 0.05) in the high L-T group than those in the other groups. Serum Melatonin (MEL) levels were increased upon L-T administration (p < 0.05) in the high L-T group. Taken together, the effective dose of L-T administration was defined at 57.8 mg L-T/kg BW in order to stimulate increase of GIH and MEL.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.215-220
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• 2023

A 3-month-old Korean native cattle (Hanwoo) calf with difficulty taking normal posture and an inability to rise was referred for a definite diagnosis and active treatment, including surgery. The calf had a history of an accident in which both hind limbs were trapped in a barn structure. After admission, a "rabbit leg" posture was observed, a typical sign of gastrocnemius muscle rupture, and both digits were knuckled downward like they were trying to grip the ground. This was considered to be a result of the superficial digital flexor not rupturing but only the gastrocnemius muscle rupturing. Physical examination revealed laceration of the metatarsus and firmness behind both stifle joints which were presumed to be the sites of gastrocnemius muscle rupture. Skeletal abnormalities, including fractures, were ruled out by radiography. Based on these findings, the patient was diagnosed with bilateral gastrocnemius muscle rupture, and surgery was performed to reconnect the head of the ruptured muscle. Because the rupture occurred perpendicular to the muscle direction, the locking loop technique, a method of suturing severed tendons, was used to reduce the tension. After surgery, the cast was used to prevent further injuries and promote voluntary rehabilitation. Follow-up was completed, with the calf showing normal posture and gait 112 days after surgery. This is the first case report in the Republic of Korea describing the successful diagnosis and treatment of bilateral gastrocnemius muscle rupture in a calf.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.421-434
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• 2008

본 실험은 가축분뇨에 의한 유기 조사료를 생산하기 위하여 옥수수와 수수교잡종을 재배 시 가축분뇨의 종료와 시용수준을 달리하여 적절한 사료작물의 선발, 가축분뇨의 적정시용 수준 및 단위면적당 유기가축 사육능력을 추정하고자 하였다. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 옥수수와 수수$\times$수수교잡종의 건물수량, 조단백질(CP) 수량 및 가소화양분(TDN) 수량은 무비구가 ha 당 각각 8.4, 0.33 및 5.1 톤 그리고 8.6, 0.46 및 4.7 톤/ha으로 모든 처리구 보다 유의하게 낮은 건물수량을 나타내었고(p<0.05), 질소, 인산 및 칼리를 시용한 처리구가 ha 당 15.9, 0.77 및 10.6 톤 그리고 14.6, 0.78 및 8.0톤으로 가장 높았다. 한편 옥수수의 경우, 발효우분과 액상 우분뇨를 $100{\sim}150%$ 시용한 구는 연간 건물, 조단백질 및 TDN 수량이 ha당 각각 $9.8{\sim}11.0$, $0.5{\sim}0.6$ 및 $7.0{\sim}7.4$톤 그리고 $10.2{\sim}12.3$, $0.53{\sim}0.67$ 및 $6.9{\sim}8.8$톤으로 무비구및 인산과 칼리를 시용한 구(10.7, 0.44 및 6.8톤/ha) 보다 높았다. 수수 교잡종은 액상우분뇨 $100{\sim}150%$ 시용구가 ha 당 각각 $12.6{\sim}13.3$ $0.65{\sim}0.74$ 및 $6.8{\sim}7.1$톤으로 다른 처리구 보다 유의하게 높았으며(p<0.05) 다음으로 발효우분 150% 시용수준에서 ha 당 각각 12.4, 0.66 및 6.5톤을 나타내었고 발효우분 100% 시용구(11.1, 0.62 및 5.8톤/ha)와 인산과 칼리를 시용한 구(11.0, 0.54 및 5.3톤/ha) 순으로 낮아졌다(p>0.05). 유기 한우 암소 육성우 약 450kg을 일일 증체 400g 목표로 하여 옥수수를 유기 사료 자원으로 70% 급여할 시에 필요로 하는 조단백질과 TDN 함�c을 감안할 때, 질소, 인산 및 칼리를 시용한 처리구는 ha 당 각각 연간 4.9와 8.4두(평균 6.7두)로 다른 처리구보다 유의하게 높았고(p<0.05) 다음으로 액상우분뇨 150% 시용구(평균 5.6두) > 발효우분 150% 시용구(평균 4.8두) > 액상우분뇨 100% 시용구(평균 4.4두) > 발효우분 100% 시용구(평균 4.3두) > 인산과 칼리를 시용한 구(평균 4.1두) >무비구(평균 3.1두) 순으로 낮아졌다. 한편 수수교잡종의 경우에는 질소, 인산 및 칼리를 시용한 처리구가 ha 당 각각 연간 5.0과 6.3두(평균 5.7두)로 다른 처리구보다 높았지만 액상우분뇨 $100{\sim}150%$ 시용구의 ha 당 각각 연간 평균 $4.8{\sim}5.2$두와는 유의한 차이가 인정되지 않았고 다음으로는 발효우분 150% 시용구(평균 4.7두) > 발효우분 100% 시용구(평균 4.3두)> 인산과 칼리를 시용한 구(평균 3.8두) > 무비구(평균 3.4두) 순으로 유기가축 사육능력이 감소하였다. 이상의 결과로부터, 사료작물 재배토양에 인산과 칼리 등 화학비료 대신 가축분뇨의 시용은 사초의 건물 및 가소화양분수량을 향상시킬 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 연간 유기가축 사육능력도 증대하여, 가축분뇨재활용을 통한 유기조사료의 생산은 환경오염 감소와 자원순환형 친환경 농산물 생산에도 기여할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.