• 농업과학연구
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.51-63
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• 2011

BoLA (bovine leukocyte antigens) have been known as gene complex related with bovine diseases and immunological traits. This study was conducted to find out the characteristics of BoLA-DRB3 gene related to mastitis and BL(bovine leukocyte) from 280 cattle [193 animals of Holstein cattle and 87 animals of Hanwoo]. As a result, five PCR-RFLP types (b, d, e, f and g) using HaeIII restriction enzyme, three BstYI restriction patterns (b, d and e) and eight RsaI restriction types(b, d, f, I, j, n, o and w) were identified. Moreover, we identified new d' type ($197{\rightarrow}175$/22), having one more cutting site by BstYI enzyme than d type allele and n' type ($180{\rightarrow}169$/11) having one more cutting site by RsaI enzyme than n allele was additionally identified. Next, we identified 53 SNPs in BoLA-DRB3 exon2 from 280 cattle. SNP frequency and heterozygosity of Holstein and Hanwoo were investigated in all the SNP genotype. These results might be based on research for identifying marker associated with bovine diseases.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.195-198
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• 2015

Mannheimia haemolytica is an opportunistic bacterium that is widely recognized among the bovine respiratory disease (BRD) complex in cattle. Five Hanwoo with a history of fever, anorexia and dyspnea were died within 2 days in a the middle of summer. Four cattle were pregnant. The cattle house were located in mountainous area but the window for air ventilation was open only one side. In addition, the fecal material for fermentation was located indoor. Air ceiling fan did not work. The indoor temperature was $40^{\circ}C$. After working on air fan, the indoor temperature was still $36^{\circ}C$. On necropsy, there was fibrinous pleuritis with a rich yellowish pleural fluids in the thorax. The cross-section of the lung showed lobar fibrinonecrotic pneumonia with expanded interlobular septa by edema and fibrin. Microscopically, parenchymal necrosis with dense layer of inflammatory cells were observed surrounding interlobular septum. Fibrin and inflammatory cells were filled in the alveoli. Bacteriological cultures of pulmonary tissue showed growth of M. haemolytica. This pneumonia case in Hanwoo suggests that environmental stressors such as high temperature, insufficient air ventilation, and pregnancy be the cause of mannheimoisis. Control of environmental stressor, such as temperature indoor is necessary to prevent BRD caused by M. haemolytica.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.273-279
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• 2016

한우는 한국 고유재래종으로 가장 많이 사육되고 있으나 번식성적에 대한 자료는 제한적이다. 본 연구는 총 163,613두의 번식성적에 대하여 통계 분석하였다. 산차 및 계절별로 분만 간격과 임신기간의 차이는 없었으나 매년 분만간격이 증가하고 있었다. 또한 생시 체중이 23 kg 이었을 때 생애 번식성적이 가장 우수 하였다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.815-821
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• 2014

The effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation were investigated with regards to the microbial growth inhibitory effect on the shelf life of Korean native cattle (Hanwoo) beef prior to refrigerated storage. The Hanwoo samples were exposed to UV radiation ($4.5mW/cm^2$) for 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 min. The UV-irradiated beef that was exposed for 20 min showed significantly reduced mesophilic and psychrotrophic bacterial populations to the extent of approximately 3 log cycles, as compared to that of non-irradiated beef. About 2.5 Log CFU/g of mesophilic bacteria were different compared with UV-irradiated and non-irradiated meat. UV irradiation showed the most significant growth inhibition effects on mesophilic and psychrotrophic bacteria. Coliform and Gram-negative bacteria were also reduced by 1 log cycle. The population of L. monocytogenes, S. Typhimurium, and E. coli O157:H7 decreased significantly to 53.33, 39.68, and 45.76% after 10 min of UV irradiation. They decreased significantly to 84.64, 80.76, and 84.12%, respectively, after 20 min of UV irradiation. The results show that UV irradiation time and the inhibitory effect were proportional. These results verified that UV radiation prior to refrigeration can effectively reduce the number of pathogenic bacteria on the surface of meat and improve the meat's microbial safety.

• 한국동물생명공학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.177-187
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• 2023

Background: The grading of Hanwoo (Korean native cattle) is based on four economic traits, and efforts have been continuously made to improve the genetic traits associated with these traits. There is a technology to predict the expected grade based on the 4 economic genetic SNP characteristics of Korean cattle calves using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) technology. Selection of highly proliferative, self-renewing, and differentiating satellite cells from cattle is a key technology in the cultured meat industry. Methods: We selected the Hanwoo with high and low-scored of genomic estimated breeding value (GEBV) by using the Hanwoo 50K SNP bead chip. We then isolated the bovine satellite cells from the chuck mass. We then conducted comparative analyses of cell proliferation, immunocytochemistry, qRT-PCR at short- and long-term culture. We also analyzed the differentiation capability at short term culture. Results: Our result showed that the proliferation was significantly high at High scored GEBV (Hs-GEBV) compared to Low scored GEBV (Ls-GEBV) at short- and long-term culture. The expression levels of Pax3 were significantly higher in Hs-GEBV bovine satellite cells at long-term culture. However, there were no significant differences in the expression levels of Pax7 between Hs- and Ls-GEBV bovine satellite cells at short- and long- term culture. The expression levels of MyoG and MyHC were significantly high at Ls-GEBV bovine satellite cells. Conclusions: Our results indicated that selection of bovine satellite cells by Hanwoo 50K SNP bead chip could be effective selection methods for massive producing of satellite cells.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.731-737
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• 2015

This study was conducted to compare the meat qualities of loin (m. longissimus dorsi) and top round (m. semimembranosus) from Hanwoo and Holstein veal. Ten Hanwoo and Holstein calves were randomly selected from a local cattle farm and raised. They were slaughtered when they were 8 mon old and weighed. Weight and percentage in primal cuts and slaughter performance of Hanwoo and Holstein veal calves are obtained. Immediately after weighting, slices of loin and top round muscles were sampled. After vacuum packaging, the samples were subjected to proximate composition, physicochemical and microbiological analyses. Dressing weight and percentage were heavier and greater (p<0.05) in the Holstein than in the Hanwoo. Water contents of the top round muscle was higher in the Holstein than in the Hanwoo (p<0.05). Water-holding capacity, protein content and CIE L* (lightness) of both muscles were higher in the Holstein than in the Hanwoo veal, whereas fat content, pH, cooking loss, a* (redness), and b* (yellowness) were higher in the Hanwoo than in the Holstein veal (p<0.05). Thiobarbituric acid and volatile basic nitrogen values of both the muscles were lower in the Hanwoo than in the Holstein veal during the first 10 d of storage (p<0.05).

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.795-802
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• 2010

This study defined the genetic diversity of five breeds of cattle in Asia by analyzing 6 microsatellite markers in 270 animals. Based on expected mean heterozygosity, the lowest genetic diversity was exhibited in Japanese black cattle (HE=0.5849), and the highest in Chinese yellow cattle (HE=0.8073). Average proportion of genetic variation due to interpopulation subdivision among these five cattle breeds varied between 11.7 and 12.5%. The genetic distances were roughly divided into three groups: Japanese black cattle, Holstein, and the three remaining breeds. This clustering agrees with the origin and geographical distributions of these five cattle breeds.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권11호
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• pp.1636-1650
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• 2007

As an initial step toward a better understanding of the genome structure of Korean cattle (Hanwoo breed) and initiation of the framework for genomic research in this bovine, the bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) end sequencing of 21,024 clones was recently completed. Among these clones, BAC End Sequences (BESs) of 20,158 clones with high quality sequences (Phred score ${\geq}20$, average BES equaled 620 bp and totaled 23,585,814 bp), after editing sequencing results by eliminating vector sequences, were used initially to compare sequence homology with the known bovine chromosomal DNA sequence by using BLASTN analysis. Blast analysis of the BESs against the NCBI Genome database for Bos taurus (Build 2.1) indicated that the BESs from 13,201 clones matched bovine contig sequences with significant blast hits (E<$e^{-40}$), including 7,075 single-end hits and 6,126 paired-end hits. Finally, a total of 5,105 clones of the Korean cattle BAC clones with paired-end hits, including 4,053 clones from the primary analysis and 1,052 clones from the secondary analysis, were mapped to the bovine chromosome with very high accuracy.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.493-498
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• 2018

There has been widespread warming and a general increase in summer temperatures over the Korean peninsula ($0.5^{\circ}C$/10 years from 2001 to 2010). South Korea is transforming into a subtropical region, and the productivity of livestock is affected by the climatic changes. In this study, we investigated whether the summer heat waves affect the developmental competency of Korean native cattle (Hanwoo), a taurine type of cattle with a small portion of indicine varieties. We collected oocytes during the summer (heat stress, HS) and autumn (non-HS condition) and examined the developmental competencies including in vitro maturation and preimplantation embryo development. No significant differences were observed between the HS and non-HS oocytes in nuclear maturation (extrusion of the polar body); however, the cleavage and blastocyst rates were significantly lower in the HS group than those in the non-HS group. The lower developmental competence of the HS oocytes compared to the non-HS is, in part, due to insufficient cytoplasmic maturation because of a higher production of Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels as well as peri/cortical distributed mitochondria in the HS oocytes after in vitro maturation. Next, we examined the ROS and mitochondria distribution and found a significant increase in the levels of ROS in the HS oocytes and a polarized distribution (pericortical cytoplasm) of mitochondria in the HS oocytes. In summary, impaired cytoplasmic maturation of oocytes from exposure to HS affects the preimplantation embryo development by dysfunction of mitochondria. To improve reproductive performance, embryo transfer using cryopreserved embryos/oocytes is recommended in the hot summer season of South Korea.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.355-359
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• 2015

The cause of infertility is either fertilization failure or early embryonic death. The aetiology may involve a combination of many factors, e.g. genetic factors, abnormalities in the gametes nutritional disorders, inadequate luteal function, and delayed ovulation. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of microorganisms collected from uterus of Hanwoo cattle on early embryonic development. Microorganisms isolated from the uterus of Hanwoo cattle included Bacillus cereus (Bc), Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), Staphylococcus warneri (Sw) and Enterococcus faecalis (Ef). When cultured with Bc, Bt, Sw, and Ef, oocytes were not developed into a blastocyst in vitro. The proportion of blastocyst was dramatically increased after reducing the number of microorganisms ($10^4CFU/ml$). Interestingly, the proportion of blastocyst was decreased by adding the Sw and Ef. These results indicate that among intrauterine microorganisms, Sw and Ef strains negatively affect theearly embryonic development, thereby aggravate the rates of implantation and pregnancy. These findings will provide useful information for association studies in other pig populations.