• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.236-243
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• 2009

The halophyte Leymus chinensis (Trin.) is a perennial rhizome grass (tribe Gramineae) that is widely distributed throughout China, Mongolia and Siberia. This study was conducted to investigate an optimal condition for plant regeneration from mature seeds, leaf base segments, and root segments in L. chinensis. Plant growth regulators affecting embryogenic callus induction and plant regeneration were investigated by four-factor-three-level [L9 (34)] orthogonal test in this study. The effects of explants types (mature seeds, leaf base segments and root segments), callus types, medium types were examined in this study. Wild type (WT) and Jisheng No. 1 plants (JS) were used for primary callus induction. A clear explants difference was seen during callus induction; mature seeds were considered as the preferred explants; and the highest frequency of callus induction was obtained in Medium 6 using mature seeds as explants in WT. Plant regeneration ability was evaluated by frequencies of green callus forming, shooting, rooting, and shooting with roots. Effect of α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) on shoot regeneration was remarkable with the highest frequency of 70.8% in WT after 2-month culture. The medium with 0.2- 0.5 mg/L NAA was found to have the highest shoot induction. All regenerated shoots were successfully rooted when transferred on half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium. The acclimatized plantlets were grown to mature with flowering and seeds setting in green house conditions.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.231-237
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• 2008

본 연구는 염전에서 자라고 있는 퉁퉁마디를 채집하여 플라보노이드 성분을 LC/MS로 정량하였다. 퉁퉁마디 분말에서 flavonol계 물질인 quercetin (124.43 ppm), rutin (2.57 ppm), quercetin-3-${\beta}$-glucoside (3992.49 ppm), quercetin-3',4'-glucoside(0.08 ppm) 그리고 isorhamnetin (27.81 ppm)이 검출되었다. 특히 quercetin-3-${\beta}$-glucoside가 차지하는 비중은 건초에서 99%, 분말에서 96% 이상으로 높게 나타났다. 이러한 결과들은 염생식물인 퉁퉁마디가 항산화제로서의 높은 기능성 물질 임을 시사해 주고 있다.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.373-378
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• 2019

해양지역에서는 토양의 염 농도가 증가하고 내륙지역은 중금속 오염으로 식물의 피해가 따라서 증가한다. 내륙의 산업 발달 지역에서는 Co, Ni, Zn, 등 중금속이 축적되어 제거하거나, 내성을 갖은 식물의 유전자원 연구가 절실히 요구되고 있다. 앞의 두 가지 문제점은 공히 식물 뿌리에 스트레스를 야기하기에 가능성 있는 식물을 찾기에 과학자들이 많은 노력을 해오고 있다. 본 연구에서는 내염식물로 알려진 것으로 해안가 근처에서 채집 되어진 섬갯장대(Arabis stelleri var. japonica)의 종자를 발아하여 사용하였다. 동일한 과이면서 모든 유전자가 밝혀졌고, 표본식물인 애기장대 종자를 실험재료로 사용하여 실험실 배양 조건 하에서 성장발육과 내성을 비교 연구하였다. 그 결과 250 uM Nickle과 cobalt에서 3배 정도 내성을 나타내었고,1mM 아연에서는 4배 이상의 내성을 섬갯장대에서 나타내었다. Na염에 대한 내성은 50mM 농도에서 20%이상 발육이 증가하여서 중금속과 염농도에 내성을 보였다. 세포내 기작을 연구하기 위한 준비로서 Na 이온의 체내 축적을 측정하였다. 그 결과 내성을 갖은 섬갯장대 경엽부에서 더욱 감소하는 결과를 보였다. 이는 측적하는 기작보다는 배출하는 유전자의 활성이 중요하다고 사료된다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.186-190
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• 2020

염생식물은 해수와 염분 토양에 강한 염분 내성에 적응된 식물이다. 본 연구는 중선포천(경상남도 사천시), 관곡천(경상남도 하동군), 광양 서천(전라남도 광양시)에서 염생식물과 수생식물의 분포를 규명하기 위해 수행하였다. 중선포천에서는 총 6종의 염생식물과 10종의 수생식물이 수집되었다. 관곡천과 중선포천에서는 각각 5종, 11종의 염생식물이 관찰되었다. 관곡천과 중선포천에서는 각각 5과 13종, 8과 16종의 수생식물이 관찰되었다. 이 중 모새달(Phacelurus latifolius)은 한국의 서부와 남부에 국지적으로 분포하여, 이 종은 생태 및 보존적 멸종위기종이다. 개발에 따른 분포지의 축소가 일어나고 있어 많은 염생 식물종의 개체수가 줄어들고 있다. 남해안에 있는 세하천의 본 조사 지역은 염생식물의 분포가 지역간 차이가 있었고, 염생식물이 잘 받달된 서해안과도 달랐다. 돌가시나무(Rosa wichuraiana)를 비롯한 7종이 과거 기록에 추가되었다.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.65-70
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• 2015

영국갯끈풀(Spartina anglica)은 영국 남부해안 원산의 다년생 염생 잡초로, 2012년 강화도 동막 해변에서 분포가 최초로 확인되었다. 이에 분포 및 확산실태를 보고하며 식별을 위한 식물학적 특성을 제시하였다. Spartina 속은 중국을 포함한 세계 여러 나라에 도입되어 생태공학적 측면의 장점이 인정되었으나, 갯벌을 단일 초지화시키면서 염습지의 생태적 기능을 상실시키는 침입성이 강한 식물로 알려졌고, 제거가 쉽지 않아 관리에 어려움을 겪고 있다. 한국의 서해안 갯벌에서 출현한 영국갯끈풀의 확산은 국내 갯벌 생태계에 심각한 위협을 초래할 수 있으므로 적극적인 제거방안 수립과 지속적인 관찰이 필요하다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.278-285
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• 2016

The discovery of various activities of natural plants has increased interest in halophytes. Suaeda australis and S. maritime are perennial halophytes that belong to the Chenopodiaceae family. Extracts of S. australis and S. maritime plants were investigated for concentration and time-dependent antibacterial and antioxidant activities using bacterial species and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, respectively, as well as total phenolic content. The S. australis extract ($500{\mu}g/mL$) showed activity against all the bacterial species including P. aeruginosa, P. mirabilis, A. baumannii, and VRE with 61.1, 42.3, 44.49, and 40.38%, respectively, inhibition and suppressed of these four species for 12 h. Overall, the S. australis extract showed marked antibacterial activities while, in contrast, the S. maritime extract had excellent antioxidant effects. However, the effects of the two extracts were much lower than that of quercetin. The present study identified antibacterial activities of S. australis, and it would be necessary to perform further phytochemical studies of S. australis.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제60권2호
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• pp.125-131
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• 2017

고창 부안 갯벌에 자생하는 칠면초의 근권 및 근면으로부터 내염성을 지니는 9 균주를 분리하였다. 16S rRNA 유전자를 이용한 계통분석으로 분리된 균주는 Vibrio 속과 Bacillus 속으로 분류되었다. 분리된 균주 중 Vibrio와 Bacillus로 나누어 각각 대표성을 나타낼 수 있는 균주를 선택하여 염 농도에 따른 최적 생장조건을 평가한 결과, 균주 JRS-1 (Vibrio neocaledonicus)은 총 염분 4-6%에서 높은 생장률을 보였다. 균주 JRL-2(Bacillus thuringiensis)는 염분 농도 증가에 따라 생장이 증가하였으며, 7%에서 최대 생장률을 보이고 8%에서는 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 분리된 균주들은 기존에 서식하던 토양의 염 농도인 3% (w/v) 보다 더 높은 염분에도 견딜 수 있는 내염성을 보였다. 또한 분리균주에 대한 생화학적 기질 이용 형태에 분석을 통해 triglyceride, ${\rho}$-nitrophenyl-${\alpha}$,$\text\tiny{D}$-glucoside, ${\rho}$-nitrophenyl-${\beta}$, $\text\tiny{D}$-glucoside 이용 등 식물과의 특이적인 상호작용을 나타내는 것으로 간주할 수 있는 반응들을 확인하였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.463-471
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• 2009

A study on vegetation in the Mangyeong River and Dongjin River basins and the surrounding regions of the Saemangeum Reclaimed Land was conducted in a series of efforts to determine the expected ecological changes in the salt marshes, to restore their vegetation, to explore the restoring force of halophyte, to examine the community mechanism and, ultimately, to rehabilitate marshy land vegetation along the lakeside, coastal dune and salt marshes of the Saemangeum Project Area. The findings of the study may be summed up as follows: Five species such as Suaeda japonica, Salicornia herbacea, Atriplex gmelini, Aster tripolium and Suaeda asparagoides that are mostly distributed in the estuary of the Saemangeum Reclaimed Land were analyzed to examine the mechanism of halophyte to maintain their community. To find out the strategies of plants for survival and the cause of forming community structure, a research was made as for appearance ratio of biomass, root lengths and germination. With regard to biomasses of halophyte, the biomass of Suaeda japonica increases rapidly, while Salicornia herbacea adopts a strategy of unstable growth pattern by which the biomass increases slowly in parallel with its slow speed of growth since initial appearance of young sapling. In contrast, Suaeda asparagoides, Atriplex gmelini and Aster tripolium choose to adapt themselves to environment promptly by being transformed into life form of annual or biennial plant, a pattern that is presumed to be favorable and stable for survival in the later stage of growth. In short, there is a sharp distinction among the 5 species: i.e. Suaeda japonica that begins to grow fast in the length of surface and underground section but slows down from the mid-stage on; Salicornia herbacea that grows slowly in the beginning step but starts to step up from the middle onward; Atriplex gmelini and Aster tripolium growing slowly in the initial stage but fast later on; and Suaeda asparagoides that turns from the constant growth in the beginning to rapid growth in the later period. The outcomes of the analysis into status of growth and influencing factors of Suaeda japonica in the sowing field that is most widely prevalent in the Saemangeum Reclaimed Land as a sort of ecological pioneer in the salt marshes showed that the average size of grass lands, density and number of individuals increase in the natural sowing field as well as in the plowing field regardless of their physical as well as physico-chemical features of the soil as the season progresses from June to October of a year.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.79-86
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• 2002

It was found that 14 coastal habitats in South Korea have comparetively natural vegetation. The habitats were classified into three types - intertidal flats, sand dunes, and estuaries. There were four intertidal flats, five sand dunes and five estuaries. Except for Cynodon dactylon and Tetragonia tetragonoides, all of the main halophytes and sand dune plants were found in the habitats. These two species were mainly distributed on the southern coast. This study identified coastal vegetation, such as pure stands of Suaeda japonica on intertidal flats, mixed halophyte communities around the high-water mark, pure stands of Vitex rotundifolia on stable sand dunes, mixed communities dominated by Carex kobomugi on unstable sand dunes, and pure stands of Phragmites communis in estuaries. The types of coastal vegetation may depend on sediment types, the inundation time of seawater and the stability of sediments.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.25-32
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• 1970

Ecological study on the reclaimed high saline soil was carried out throughout a year(1969) to elucidate the changes of the structure of halophytes communiteis and the possibilities of desalination from high saline soil by absorption of chloride ion. Results from this studies are summarized as followings; 1) The growth rates of halophytes showed a variation; maximum growth rate of Salicornia appeared on August, Chenopodium on July, Suaeda on July, Aster on August and Scirpus on June. 2) Changes of frequency of each halophyte were varied in accordance with species. Chenopodium and Salicornia have the highest frequency of all on May. However, frequency as well as density of halophytes decreased after on May due to competition for absorbing moisture in plant communities. 3) The terrestrial plants which were succeed into the reclaimed tidal land had herborized 25 species on the both side of irrigation route. 4) Each of the maximum chloride uptake by halophytes appeared on May(Salicornia and Aster), on June(Chenopodium and Scirpus), and on August(Suaeda), respectirecely 5) Among the halophytes, Salicornia was confirmed to absorb the highest amount of chloride. A possible amount of chloride uptake by all halophytes per 100 square cm reached about 24,629. ppm.