• CELLMED
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.4.1-4.4
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• 2015

Yoga is an ancient Indian system of life, encompassing various practices including practices for self-discipline and also for regulating the health states of the individual, being practiced for thousands of years. The present study aims at understanding the effect of two high frequency breathing practices over autonomic nervous system. Forty healthy male volunteers of age $21{\pm}2$ years with $9{\pm}3$ months of Yoga practice experience were recruited. The two high frequency Yoga breathing practices, kapalabhati (KB) and bhastrika (BH) were given as interventions randomly on either of the two days to minimise laboratory bias. They were assessed before and immediately after the interventions for heart rate, respiratory rate, heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure and peripheral oxygen saturation. There was a significant increase in heart rate (p<0.01; p<0.001), systolic blood pressure (p<0.01; p<0.001), NN50 (p<0.01; p<0.001) component of HRV for both KB and BH groups respectively. There was a significant reduction in respiratory rate in both the groups (p<0.001, and p<0.05, BH and KB respectively) immediately following intervention. A significant increase in LF component of HRV and reduction in Diastolic blood pressure and high frequency (HF)component following KB was also observed (p<0.05, for all comparisons). The Mean peripheral oxygen saturation remained unaltered in both the groups (p>0.05).The results suggest that high frequency yoga breathing practices induce physiological arousal immediately as evidenced by increased blood pressure and heart rate. The sympathetic arousal was more following KB session as evidenced by an increased diastolic blood pressure, LF power and a decrease in HF power of HRV as compared to the BH session.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.11-21
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• 2010

Objectives : We tried to investigate the effects of Carthami Semen(CF) pharmacopuncture and Bovis Calculus Fei Ursi(BU) pharmacopuncture on the heart rate variability(HRV) in adult men. As well as we tried to observe how CF pharmacopuncture and BU pharmacopuncture effect on the balance of the autonomic nervous system. Methods : We investigated on 40 healthy volunteers consisted of 20 subjects in CF pharmacopuncture group and 20 subjects in BU pharmacopuncture group respectively. We ruled out subjects whose vital sign isn't in normal range, yet they had taken a rest. The study established by a randomized, single-blind clinical trial. CF pharmacopuncture and BU pharmacopuncture was applied on each group. We measured HRV 7 times : baseline measurement and every 5 minutes for 30 minutes after injection. The SPSS 15.0 for Windows was used to analyze the data by the paired t-test(in group) and Independent sample t-test(between the groups). Results 1. After injection of CF pharmacopuncture, SDNN, Ln(TP), Ln(VLF) and Ln(LF) increased significantly, and Complexity, pNN50 decreased significantly. 2. After injection of BU pharmacopuncture, RMSSD, SDSD and HRV-index increased significantly. Conclusions : We suggest that CF pharmacopuncture activate sympathetic nervous system and BU pharmacopuncture tend to activate the autonomic nervous system.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.87-93
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• 2017

In this paper, we design a small low power single channel ECG(Electrocardiogram) system of Chest Belt type with fiber-type electrodes to measure emotional state change of game addict. HRV(Heart Rate Variability) is analyzed through heart rate signal measurement and the psychological stress state is judged by using it. And it verifies its effectiveness through prototype. First, we design HR measurement module through low power MCU(Micro Controller Unit) and implement prototype level measurement system. The results showed that the difference between the addiction group and the general group was confirmed and that the system was effective. The result of this study can be used for health management such as reduction of stress of the user through music and breathing that lowers the stress by detecting the stress state of the general person or the chronic ill person.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.138-143
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 생환공간에서의 음향감성을 평가하기 위하여 긍정감성을 유발하는 음환경으로서 '명상음악'과 부정감성을 유발하는 음환경으로서 '헬리콥터소음'과 '마루가 삐거덕거리는 소음'을 제시하였을 때 행동활성화체계(BAS)와 행동억제체계(BIS)의 민감성이 서로 다른 집단들을 대상으로 전전두엽의(PFC) 비대칭성과 심장박동율변동성(HRV)을 분석하였다. 연구결과, 명상음악을 청취시에는 안정상태에 비하여 좌측전두엽이 더 활성화되고 HRV의 LF/HF는 감소된 반면에 소음환경에서는 우측전두엽이 더 활성화되고 LF/HF는 더 증가하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.103-117
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• 2010

In this study, the heart rate variability(HRV) signal of operating patient was acquired according to anesthesia progress and identified to evaluation possibility of depth of anesthesia in each anesthesia stage. The HRV signal was analyzed time-frequency domain applied to Wigner-Ville distribution method, the characteristic parameters were extracted for evaluation of depth of anesthesia in each anesthesia stage. The progress of general anesthesia was divided into the states of pre-operation, induction of anesthesia, operation, awaking and post-operation.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.1370-1378
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• 2018

There is a problem to measure neutral bio-signals during sleep because of inconvenience of attaching lots of sensors. In this study, we measured single electrocardiogram(ECG) signal and analyzed the correlation with sleep. After R-peak detection from ECG signal, we extracted 9 features from time and frequency domain of heart rate variability(HRV). Mean of HRV, RR intervals differing more than 50ms(NN50), and divided by the total number of all RR intervals(pNN50) have significant differences in each sleep stage. Specially, the mean HRV has an average of 87.8% accuracy in classifying sleep and awake status. In the future, the measurement ECG signal minimizes inconvenience of attaching sensors during sleep. Also, it can be substituted for the standard sleep measurement method.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.33-38
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• 2006

Biofeedback training to increase the amplitude of respiratory sinus arrhythmia(RSA) maximally increases the amplitude of heart rate variability(HRV) only in respiratory rate at approximately 0.1Hz. To perform this task, people slow their breathing to this rate to point where resonance occur between respiratory sinus arrhythmia(RSA) and oscillation that naturally occur at this rate, probably triggered in part by baroreflex activity. The biofeedback technique allows each individual to breathe at a rate that is specifically adapted to the rhythms of his or her own body. A manual is presented for carrying out this method.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.77-84
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• 2011

Objectives: This study was performed to investigate the effect of hot spring therapy on children weight, body composition and heart rate variability. Methods: The study was carried out from 30 children who visited the spa from August 1, 2011 to August 31, 2011. We measured the change of weight, body composition, and heart rate variability after hot spring therapy for an hour per day. Results: The subject was consisted of 13 boys and 17 girls. This study revealed that their weight got lost from a hot spring therapy, which was statistically significant. Their body mass index(BMI) was decreased in from a hot spring therapy, which was not statistically significant. Total body water, muscle, protein, and mineral were decreased from a hot spring therapy, which was statistically significant. We measured HRV(heart rate variability) before and after the hot spring therapy. The mean HRT was increased, which was statistically insignificant. SDNN(standard deviation of the NN interval) and RMSSD(square root of the mean of the sum of the square of differences) were not different before and after the hot spring therapy. ln TP was decreased insignificantly. ln VLF was not affected before and after hot spring therapy. ln LF and ln HF was decreased, LF norm was increased, and HF norm was decreased, which were not statistically significant. Also, LF/HF ratio was increased insignificantly. Conclusions: From these results, we concluded that the weight, total body water, muscle, protein, and mineral got lost from the hot spring therapy. However, the HRV was not affected from the hot spring therapy.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.207-218
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• 2006

목적 : 심박수 변이도(Heart Rate Variability. HRV)를 통해 사암침법 치료법 중 심신 질환에 많이 적용되는 심정격 자침법과 자율신경계와의 관계를 살펴보고자 하였다. 방법 : 2006년 5월 1일부터 2006년 6월 31일까지 2개월간 특별한 과거력이 없는 건강인을 대상으로 실험군 37명을 사암침법 심정격을 자침하고 시술 전후에 HRV를 측정하여 별무처치 상태로 안정을 취한 후 측정한 대조군 21명과 비교하였다. 결과로 얻은 MHRT, SDNN, RMSSD, TP, LF, HF, LF/HF ratio 등의 수치 변화를 비교해 기록 시간 동안의 평균 심박수, 외부 스트레스에 대한 심박동의 변화상태, 심장에 관여하는 자율신경 중 부교감신경의 활동, 교감신경과 부교감신경의 균형 상태 등을 분석하였다. 결과 1. MHRT는 실험군에서 유의성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 2. SDNN는 실험군 대조군 모두 통계적인 유의성이 없었다. 3. RMSSD은 실험군 대조군 모두 통계적인 유의성이 없었다. 4. TP는 실험군 대조군 모두 통계적인 유의성이 없었다. 5. LF, HF은 실험군 대조군 모두 통계적인 유의성이 없었다. 6. LF/HF ratio는 실험군에서 유의성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 결론 : 부교감신경과 교감신경의 비교 지표로 다용되는 LF/HF ratio가 유의한 차이를 보여 심정격 자침이 자율신경계의 항진을 완화시키는 것으로 사료된다. 향후 환자의 병인과 상태에 따라 실증과 허증으로 구분하여 시술하는 등의 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.35-44
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• 2008

Objective: There are many meditation methods used in clinical field. But the effect of meditation may be different to people's mind, and meditation itself. Now we investigate this subject with two different meditation methods which has been analyzed by heart rate variability. Method: We tried to check people's heart rate who educated meditation, before educated and during the meditation. The meditation was educated differently for each group. One is the auto genes traning, and the other is the imaginary meditation by thinking about eating and smelling favorite fruits. All of them are used to oriental psychiatry clinic patients. And we simultaneously conduct people's emotional state by SCL-90-R. Result: The result in Autogene traning group has significant difference in total power and HRV-index score between before and during the training but in imaginary meditation group has no significance: Autogene traning group has a significance in low frequency score and has increased tendency with increasing tendency of Heart rate index and Total power. Through the SCL-90-R score, the higher depression t-score, the anxiety t-score, and the hostility score is, the HRV scores such as total power, low frequency, and HRV-index much increase. and so on. Conclusion: We can guess that the Autogenes training has more significant effect than the imaginary meditation. And we can also guess that as the emotional problem is getting more severe, the effect of meditation would be much better. And we finally suggest that we should make a standard guideline of imaginary meditation, cause the imaginary meditation has so many variation.