• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.390-396
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• 2008

For evaluating the quality of ginseng, simple and fast analysis methods are needed to determine the ginsenoside content of the ginseng products. The aim of this study was therefore to optimize conditions for fast analysis of the ginsenosides, the active ingredients in extracts of Korean red ginseng. When tandem HPLC mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) was used, four forms of ginsenoside, Rb1, Rb2, Rc, and Re, were readily separated in seven minutes using a gradient mobile phase (acetonitrile and water containing acetic acid). This is the shortest separation time reported among the studies of major ginsenoside analysis. When gradient HPLC with UV detection was used, the detection limit was high, but separation of these four ginsenosides required 25 minutes using acetonitrile and water containing formic acid as a mobile phase. HPLC-MS/MS was able to separate ginsenoside Rg1 easily regardless of the mobile phase condition, but the HPLC-UV could not separate Rg1 because acetonitrile concentration in the mobile phase had to be maintained below 20%. Ginsenoside peaks were clearer and had more sensitive detection limits when Korean red ginseng extract was analyzed by the HPLC-MS/MS, but the UV detection was useful for chromatographic fingerprinting of all four major ginsenosides of the extract: Rb1, Rb2, Rc, and Re. Extracts were found to contain 2.17 mg, 1.51 mg, 1.29 mg, and 0.46 mg of ginsenoside Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Re, respectively, per gram weight. The ratios of each ginsenoside in the extracts were 1.0 : 0.7 : 0.6 : 0.2, respectively. Taken together, the results indicate that HPLC-MS/MS spectrometry could be the most useful method for rapid analysis of even small amounts of major ginsenosides, while HPLC with UV detection could also be used for rapid analysis of major ginsenosides and for quality control of ginseng products.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 2013

Gibberllic acid ($GA_3$) is one of gibberellins (GAs) that are a class of plant growth hormones that exert profound and diverse effects on plant growth and development. $GA_3$ is essentially non-UV absorbing and is difficult to assay by UV-detector. For effective extraction of gibberellic acid from fruits by using liquid-liquid extraction, optimized pH and extraction solvent were established. The selective and sensitive derivative of $GA_3$ for HPLC/UV-vis was derivatized using phenacyl bromide, and the experimental factors, including reaction time, reaction temperature and amount of derivatizing reagent and base were investigated for the effective synthesis. The derivatized $GA_3$ with phenacyl bromide was effectively analyzed by HPLC/UV-vis. The structure of derivatized $GA_3$ was confirmed by HPLC/ESI-MS. For apple, LOD and LOQ were 0.008 mg/kg and 0.027 mg/kg, respectively. For pear, LOD and LOQ were 0.003 mg/kg, 0.012 mg/kg, respectively. The established method can be applied to more effective analysis of $GA_3$ from plant and food.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.344-354
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• 1998

This study was conducted to evaluate the MSPD and HPLC method about simultaneous determination for residual synthetic antimicrobials of sixteen species such as sulfonamide etc. in livestock products. Elution solvent used in HPLC was ethylacetate:acetonitrile (4:1), and mobile phases for solvent A and B were water:methanol:acetonit rile:phosphric acid (700:250:50:0.2) and 100% acetonitrile respectively. The detector and absorbency used in HPLC was UV 266 nm. This study showed the reduction effect of 99.1% for organic solvents, 94% for experimental steps, 95% for analytical time and manpower and 98.9% for costs compared with korea food standard method. The average recovery rates for chicken, bovine, pork and milk were 67.7% 96.2%, 67.7%~96.6%, 70.0%~96.2%, and 13.8%~97.8%.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.306-310
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• 2010

Petroleum visible markers (dye) have been used to distinguish different fuel classes and to prevent illegal mixing. It is difficult to recognize the real color of visible marker when the small amount of petroleum product was mixed in another fuel oil. In this study, we determined the two wavelengths (370 nm, 645 nm) which detect all Korean petroleum visible marker using UV/Vis spectrophotometer. Then we analyzed the visible marker using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in two wavelength detectors. Also, we optimized the analytic method for petroleum visible marker in illegal mixed fuel oil.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.1165-1171
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• 1999

The analysis of trace herbicides using the on-line SPE-HPLC system and a photochemical reaction was studied. 18 compounds of herbicides including eight triazines, six phenoxy acids and esters, and four other herbicides were examined. The on-line SPE-HPLC system developed for selection of eluting solvent improved chromatographic efficiency. The recoveries of herbicides were higher than 77%. With 100 mL tap water samples, the detection limits for all analytes were in the 0.1-2.3×10-10 M range. Detection was done by a UV or fluorescence spectrometer after photochemical reaction at the end of the column with 2W or 450W mercury lamp. Without a photochemical reaction, all compounds responded to 230 nm UV detector, but phenoxy acids and esters were weakly detected. However, with a photochemical reaction, these compounds were selectively detected at 320 nm wavelength of UV absorption and 400 nm emission of the fluorescence detectors. This method can be used for the analysis of environmental water containing herbicides at trace levels.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.21-27
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• 1993

Technical grade n-hexane whose purity is 54% has been purified for HPLC use. Methylcyclopentane, 2-methylpentane, and 3-methylpentane which are hardly isolated by fractional distillation were separated by the liquid-solid chromatography using molecular sieve 5A. UV and fluorescence impurities whose contents are critically regulated for HPLC solvent were removed by the adsorptive separation with alumina and silica gel. The present method also reduced the impurities of color(APHA), acidity, water, residue after evaporation, sulfur, and thiophene content, and the impurity contents were well within the specifications of HPLC solvent.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.281.1-281.1
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• 2003

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate sensitive and specific analytical method for determinination of simvastatin in human plasma by the column-switching high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system with UV detection. Methods. Simvastatin and internal standard were extracted into diethyl ether from plasma. (omitted)

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.109-116
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• 2008

Objectives : This study was performed to investigate the discriminative criteria of 6 kinds of Achyranthis Radix by HPLC/DAD. Methods : 20-hydroxyecdysone is isolated by silica gel column chromatography ($CHCl_3$:MeOH, 7:1-1:1 v/v) and identified by nuclear magnetic resonance, A high-performance liquid chromatographic method with diode array detection was used to identify 20-hydroxyecdysone in A. japonica. The analysis was performed using $C_{18}$ column with isocratic elution consisted of 18% acetonitrile and 82% water and the detection was carried out by DAD at 254 nm. 6 kinds of Achyranthis Radix from different locations were extracted in MeOH. Each extracts was analyzed by HPLC in same condition as used in analysis of 20-hydroxyecdysone. The identities of each extracts were determined by comparing the retention time and UV spectrum with that of reference compound. Results : 1. A. japonica and A. bidentata showed the similar patterns of HPLC chromatogram and 20-hydroxycedysone was present in both of them because the peaks having the same retention time and UV spectrum as 20-hydroxyecdysone were shown in the HPLC chromatograms of A. japonica and A. bidentata 2. Cyathula officinalis and C. capitata showed the similar patterns of HPLC chromatogram. The peak having the same retention time and UV spectrum as 20-hydroxyecdysone was shown in the HPLC chromatogram of C. capitata but not shown in the HPLC chromatogram of C. officinalis. 3. Two species of medicinal drugs from Sacheon province showed similar patterns of HPLC chromatogram. Achyranthis Radix from Sacheon(wild) did not have 20-hydroxycedysone but Achyranthis Radix from Sacheon(cultivated) showed the peak having the same retention time as 20-hydroxyecdysone but UV spectrum of the peak was different from that of 20-hydroxyecdysone. Conclusions : These results suggested that 20-hydroxyecdysone could be the discriminative criteria for Achyranthis Radix contain 20-hydroxyecdysone though they belong to different genus and species. And the patterns of HPLC chromatogram also could be the discriminative criteria as the different species of Achyranthis Radix belonging to the same genus showed similar patterns of HPLC chromatogram.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.217-221
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• 2020

Cirsium japonicum var. maackii (CM) has been used to treat certain medical conditions such as hemorrhage, hepatitis, and hypertension. Cirsimaritin was previously found as the major flavonoid in CM and is said to contribute to its pharmacological effects. There are currently no reports detailing the qualitative and quantitative detection of phytochemical indicators in the aerial parts of CM. Therefore, we developed a method to rapidly identify and quantify cirsimaritin in CM using HPLC/UV, and we optimized and validated this analytical method. The results showed good linearity in the concentration range tested (0.25-0.015 mg/mL, r² ≥ 0.9999), accuracy (93.9-111.3%), and precision (RSD ≤ 0.59%). The developed method can therefore be used for the rapid evaluation of cirsimaritin in CM.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.13-28
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• 1995

This study was carried out to explore the most sensitive and useful method for simultaneous determination of five sulfa drugs(sulfamethazine, sulfamerazine, sulfamonomethoxine, sulfadimethoxine, sulfaquinoxaline) in livestock productions(pork muscle, bovine muscle, chicken muscle, milk ) by HPLC with UV detector and reverse phase column. The results obtained were as follows：1. For mobile phase acetonitrile-0.01M ammonium acetate (23：77) showed more applicable sensitivity and retention times than acetonitrile-1% acetic acid(23：77). Thus acetonitrile-0.01M ammonium acetate(23：77) selected and applied to the modification test, from which it was found pH 6.75 was the most adequate. 2. Optimal wavelength of UV for SMT(sulfamethazine), SMR(sulfamerazine), SMM(sulfamonomethoxine), SD(sulfadimethoxine), and SQ(sulfaquinoxaline) were 266, 266, 265, 269 and 250nm, respectively, and that for simultaneous application it was 263nm. 3. The average recovery rate by extractant(chloroform, dichloromethane, chlorform+dich-loromethane) in the classic method was not significantly different(p>0.05) but that by chloroform higher than the others. Thus chloroform was found to be adequate as extractant in this classic method. 4. The average recovery rate was 86.5% by the MSPD(matrix solid phase disperse) method, which was significantly higher than that by the classic method(p<0.05). Also the recovery rates by method were significantly different(p<0.05) in accordance with sample and type of drug. The MSPD method was much superior to classic method on clean-up.