• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.61-66
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• 2008

Objecives : Aucklandiae Radix is a root of Aucklandia lappa which has been widely used for regulating the flow of vital energy, invigorating the spleen, alleviating pain. Aucklandiae Radix contains the costunolide which is the main ingredient. The substitutive Aucklandiae Radix are Inulae helenii Radix, Aristolchiae Radix, Vladimiriae Radix, and Inulae racemosi Radix in Korea and China. This paper is analysised and compared the costunolide and HPLC pattern in Aucklandiae Radix and substitute herbs. Methods : Chromatographic separation performed using C18 column(Luna 5 u, 250 mm ${\times}$ 4.6 mm) with a mixture of methanol and water(65:35)(v/v). The analyses detected at UV(210 nm). Results : Optimal extraction condition of costunolide was 100% methanol for 2hr. Costunolide was detected in Aucklandiae Radix and Vladimiriae Radix, but other herbs were not detected. In Korea herbal market, Aristolchiae Radix merchandise was identified as the imported Inulae helenii Radix. Conclusions : According to above results, this method was useful identified to Aucklandiae Radix and substitutive herbs. In Korea herbal market, Aristolchiae Radix was identified as Inulae helenii Radix.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.34 no.4 s.135
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• pp.274-277
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• 2003

Agastachis Herba has been used for the treatment of poor appetite, nausea diarrhea and distension of chest. Pogostemonis Herba has been used for the treatment of fever caused by heart stroke, poor appetite, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Pattern recognition for the analysis of Agastachis Herba and Pogostemonis Herba was conducted using PHLC method. Rosmarinic acid from Agastachis Herba was detected at retention time of 14.996 min and quantitative analysis of rosmarinic acid showed average range of $0.183{\pm}0.183%$ (n=4). Rosmarinic acid was not detected from Pogostemonis Herba and we distinguished two medicinal plants by HPLC method.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.7
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• pp.1956-1964
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• 2014

To provide the scientific corroboration of the traditional uses of Akebia quinata (Thunb.) Decne., a detailed analytical examination of A. quinata stems was carried out using a reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method coupled to photodiode array detector (PDA) for the simultaneous determination of four phenolic substances; cuneataside D (1), 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (2), 3-caffeoylquinic acid (3) and calceolarioside B (4). Particular attention was focused on the main compound, 3-caffeoylquinic acid (3), which has a range of biological functions. In addition, 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (2) was considered as a discernible marker of A. quinata from its easy confuse plants. The contents of compounds 2 and 3 ranged from 0.72 to 2.68 mg/g and from 1.66 to 5.64 mg/g, respectively. The validation data indicated that this HPLC/PDA assay was used successfully to quantify the four phenolic compounds in A. quinata from different locations using relatively simple conditions and procedures. The pattern-recognition analysis data from 53 samples classified them into two groups, allowing discrimination between A. quinata and comparable herbs. The results suggest that the established HPLC/PDA method is suitable for quantitation and pattern-recognition analyses for a quality evaluation of this medicinal herb.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.695-702
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• 1997

The objective of this work is to determine the sugar profiles in commercial fruit juices, and to obtain chemometric characteristics. Sugar compositions of fruit juices were determined by HPLC-RID and GC-FID via methoxymation and trimethylsilylation with BSTFA. The appearance of multiple peaks in GC analysis for carbohydrates was disadvantageous as described in earlier literatures. Fructose, glucose, and sucrose were major carbohydrates in most fruit juices. Glucose/fructose ratios obtained by GC were lower than those by HPLC. Orange juices are similar to pineapple juices in the sugar profiles. However, grape juices are characterized by its lower or no detectable sucrose content. In addition, it was also found that unsweeten juices contained considerable level of sucrose. Chemometric technique such as principal components analysis was applied to provide an overview of the distinguishability of fruit juices based on HPLC or GC data. Principal components plot showed that different fruit juices grouped into distinct cluster. Principal components analysis was very useful in fruit juices industry for many aspects such as pattern recognition, detection of adulterants, and quality evaluation.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.334-340
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• 2019

Cuscuta chinensis Lam. and Cuscuta japonica Choisy are parasitic plants. C. chinensis seeds were traditionally used for treatment of kidney and liver deficiencies. C. japonica seeds were used as tonic medicine to improve liver function and strengthen kidneys, treatment of high blood pressure, chronic diarrhea, and sore eyes. Cuscutae Semen are seeds of only C. chinensis in Korean Herbal Pharmacopoeia (K.H.P.). The developed HPLC-PDA method easily, accurately, and sensitively quantified using eight marker compounds [hyperoside (1), astragalin, (2), quercetin (3), kaempferol (4), chlorogenic acid (5), 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (6), 1,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (7), and 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (8)]. In addition, the method may be used to distinguish seeds between C. chinensis Lam. and C. japonica Choisy. Furthermore, the result from the current study was applied to clarify samples between steam processed and unprocessed samples of C. chinensis by pattern analysis.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.125-134
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• 2005

It is well known that Crataegus Fructus strengthens the Stomach and Spleen, helps digestion, tonify stomachache, and decreases bleeding. A major component isolated from this herb consist of carotene, riboflavin, quercetin, chlorogenic acid, amygdalin, ursolic acid etc. In this study, we aimed to analyze the changes of liquid chromatogram pattern, one of major standardization method, to determine the quality of Crataegus Fructus.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.41-52
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• 1994

The importance of separation comes from demands on study for exact effect of synthetic drugs and the reactivity of enantiomer in biological system. Racemization rate was measured under the influence of heat, acid, UV-light, enzyme(trypsin) and 6N-HCl at $105^{\circ}C$ on alanine, threonine, isoleucine, lecuine, aspartic acid, methionine, glutamic acid, tyrosine. The method for the identification of overlapped amino acids with GC was developed from the close study of fragmentation pattern with mass spectrometry. With cyclodextrin bonded phase by HPLC, the separation of dansyl amino acid was tested for compartison.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.360-363
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• 2005

To detect falcarinol in Acanthopanax senticosus, its stem and bark were extracted with methanol fractionated with petroleum ether and diethyl ether, and separated by silica gel column chromatography, Resulting six crude samples were compared with standard falcarinol through TLC on silica gel plates. Fraction 6 showed $R_{f}$ value of 0.46 similar to that of standard falcarinol. Through analytical reverse phase HPLC/PDA, UV spectra of standard falcarinol and traction 6 recorded between 200 and 340 nm showed identical peaks and UV spectra patterns. GC/MS revealed standard falcarinol and fraction 6 have equal retention times of 7.4 and 8.5 min before and after TMS-derivatization, respectively. Standard falcarinol and fraction 6 showed more similar spectrum patterns after TMS-derivatization than before. These results confirm presence of falcarinol in A. senticosus.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.363-375
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• 1990

The present investigation was performed to purify bombesin-like immunoreactivity (BBS-LI) from the skin of frogs, B. orientalis inhabiting Korea. For extraction of BBS-LI, the fresh skin of 360 g from frogs was immersed in 1,800 ml of 100% methanol and then kept at $4^{\circ}C$ for 5 days. BBS-LI was partially purified by liquid chromatography using an alkaline alumina column followed by a Sephadex G-10 column. BBS-LI was further purified by using sequential HPLC of reversed phase C18 preparation, gel permeation, SP-ion exchange and reversed phase C18 analysis. BBS-LI in fractions of each step was monitored by radioimmunoassay for which bombesin antiserum with a titer of 1 : 188,800 was raised in a guinea pig. Eventually, two different BBS-LI were successfully purified and each BBS-LI showed the following character. 1) BBS-LI was well separated into two peaks in SP-ion exchange HPLC. One (BBS-LI-K1) bound to the column while the other (BBS-LI-K2) did not. 2) BBS-LI-K1, 73.8% of total BBS-LI, was not differentiated from synthetic bombesin in reversed phase C18 analytical and gel permeation HPLC. 3) BBS-LI-K2, 26.2% of total BBS-LI, eluted later than synthetic bombesin in reversed phase C18 analytical HPLC, but it eluted with a retention time identical to that of synthetic bombesin in gel permeation HPLC. 4) The two forms of BBS-LI and synthetic bombesin identically stimulated gastrin release and pancreatic exocrine secretion including volume, protein output and amylase output in anesthetized rats. It is concluded from the above results that the skin of B. orientalis contains two different forms of BBS-LI which are very identical to bombesin immunologically and biologically. In comparison with synthetic bombesin containing 14 amino acid residues, the major form shows quite similar pattern in all HPLC used in the present study, but the minor form exhibits quite different pattern in SP-ion exchange and reversed phase C18 analytical HPLG.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.2081-2085
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• 2013

A quantitative method for determining levels of three bioactive compounds based on pattern recognition was developed and fully validated for the quality control of Alismatis Rhizoma (AR) by HPLC. Separation conditions were optimised using an Optimapak $C_{18}$ column ($250mm{\times}4.6mm$, 5 ${\mu}m$) with a mobile phase of acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous phosphoric acid and detection wavelengths of 205 and 245 nm. Method validation yielded acceptable linearity ($r^2$ > 0.9998) and percent recovery (98.06%-101.71%). Limits of detection ranged from 0.08 to 0.15 ${\mu}g/mL$. Levels of the three bioactive compounds, alisol C acetate, alisol B, and alisol B acetate, in AR were 0.07-0.45, 0.38-10.32, and 1.13-8.59 mg/g dried weight, respectively. Pattern analyses based on these three compounds were able to differentiate Chinese and Korean samples accurately. The results demonstrate that alisol B and its acetate may be used as marker compounds for AR quality and can be regulated to no less than 0.36 and 1.29 mg/g of dried sample, respectively. The method described here is suitable for quantitative analyses and quality control of multiple components in AR.